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WorksheetsUnit 6 Review
Total questions: 14
Worksheet time: 4hrs 30mins
Venus is often called Earth's twin because the planets have similar characteristics. Because Venus is about one-third closer to the Sun than Earth, it should be only about 32 degrees Celsius (ºC) warmer. However, the temperature of Venus is about 462ºC year-round while Earth's temperature ranges from -88°C to 58ºC. Which statement best explains why Venus has a higher and more constant surface temperature than Earth?
Venus has a smaller mass and a smaller orbit than Earth.
Venus rotates more rapidly and is under a higher gravitational force than Earth.
Venus has a thicker atmosphere and a lesser degree of tilt on its axis than Earth.
Venus is covered with clouds of sulfur dioxide and the clouds reflect more light than the clouds on Earth.
The planets in our solar system share some similarities, but they also have significant differences. For example, one day on Neptune is only about 16.1 hours, while one day on Earth is about 24 hours. Earth has only one moon, while Neptune has 13. Which of the following is also an accurate comparison of Earth and Neptune?
Neptune has a more solid surface than Earth.
Neptune has a longer period of rotation than Earth.
Neptune has a longer period of revolution than Earth.
Neptune has a higher than average temperature than Earth.
Of all the planets in the Solar System, Earth is the only one on which life exists. Which of the following best describes a factor that allows Earth to support life, while other planets are unable to do so?
Earth is large enough to sustain a variety of species.
Earth has an atmosphere to trap energy from the Sun.
Earth revolves on its axis slowly enough for seasons to occur.
Earth rotates fast enough for gravity to hold objects on its surface.
Which of the following pairs of characteristics do the inner planets have in common?
small size and rocky surfaces
length of seasons and period of revolution
surface temperature and number of moons
composition of atmosphere and period of rotation
Scientists use models of the Sun to better understand how it works. The currently accepted model of the Sun indicates that it has a dense core surrounded by different layers. How is energy transferred from the core of the Sun to its outer layers?
Energy radiates outward from the core as visible light.
Energy is carried inward from the outer layers by convection.
Energy is radiated out from the core first, then carried to the outer layers by convection.
Energy is carried out from the core by convection first, then radiated to the outer layers.
Patrick wants to create a computer model of the Sun's rotation. Which of the following designs would be the most accurate?
He should show the Sun rotating at the same rate as Earth.
He should show the Sun rotating more rapidly at its equator than at its poles.
He should show the Sun rotating and revolving in exactly the same period of time.
He should show the interior and exterior of the Sun rotating at the same rate of speed.
Which statement describes sunspots?
Sunspots have a bright white appearance.
Sunspots occur in the radiation zone of the Sun.
Sunspots occur in areas of extremely low magnetic fields.
Sunspots have lower temperatures than their surroundings.
Scientists have modeled the behavior of the Sun for many years. Some models show how the Sun's magnetic field gets tangled up as the Sun rotates. These tangled magnetic fields can lift extra energy to the surface in an explosive event that releases solar material into space. Which solar event is explained by this model?
auroras
flares
Prominences
sunspots
Scientists understand the nuclear reactions that occur in the Sun’s core, but want to predict how the Sun will change with time as it consumes more of its hydrogen fuel. Which of the following would be the best method to study how the Sun will change over the next few billion years?
Observe and record data about the Sun over the next few billion years.
Build a small model of the Sun that can be manipulated in a laboratory.
Construct a detailed computer model and use it to simulate what happens as the Sun ages.
Observe the changes in a younger, very distant star that is thought to be similar to the Sun.
Which of these observations does NOT provide evidence for the heliocentric model of our solar system?
Planets move in elliptical orbits.
Comets move in regular, elliptical orbits.
Venus shows phases, just like the Moon.
Earth's gravitational pull keeps its moon in orbit.
The geocentric theory was once accepted as an explanation of how objects were positioned in our solar system. Which statement best explains this theory?
The orbits of the planets are elliptical and not circular.
The Sun is considered to be the center of the Universe.
Earth is considered to be the center of the revolving planets and stars.
The Sun is considered to be the center of the revolving planets and stars
What would most likely happen to the motion of the planets without the force of gravity from the Sun?
The planets would continue to move in large ellipses.
The planets would drift away from the Sun into outer space.
The planets would slow down, eventually stopping all motion.
The planets would gradually make smaller and smaller ellipses.
All celestial objects are attracted to each other by gravity. Asteroids A and B are 5 meters (m) apart. Asteroids C and D are also 5 m apart. If asteroids A and B both have a mass of 5 kilograms (kg) and asteroids C and D both have a mass of 7 kg, between which set of asteroids is the gravitational attraction the greatest?
between asteroids C and D, because gravitational attraction is greatest with increased mass
between asteroids A and B, because gravitational attraction is greatest with decreased mass
between asteroids A and B, because gravitational attraction is greatest with increased distance
between asteroids C and D, because gravitational attraction is greatest with increased distance
In the sixteenth century, the geocentric theory was a claim with substantial evidence. Which of the following best describes why scientists began to regard the heliocentric theory as more acceptable?
The geocentric theory was supported by additional evidence.
The geocentric theory proved that the Sun is the center of the Universe.
The heliocentric theory was based on several well-established scientific laws.
The heliocentric theory was better supported by data explaining the motion of the planets and other bodies in the Solar System.
