Signaling, Attatchment, Traveling, Result

Binding, Diffusion, Traveling, Response

Traveling, Reception, Relaying, Response

Signaling, Reception, Transduction, Response

A phosphate group is added onto a protein, which is then activated, and this protein goes on to activate another protein, and the cycle continues

A protein kinase loses a phosphate group and dies off, the lost phosphate group then moves to bind to another kinase, and the cycle continues

Ligases

Oxidoreductases

Kinase

Transferases

A ligand travels and binds to a receptor of a nearby cell

A signal is sent and received between two adjacent cells

A signal is sent by one cell, travels long distance, and is received by another cell far away from the original cell

A ligand is secreted from one cell and binds to a receptor on the same cell

A cell takes in small amounts of extracellular fluid

Some receptors allow for the absorption of bulk quantities of a substance

a form of bulk transport in which materials are transported from the inside to the outside of the cell in membrane-bound vesicles that fuse with the plasma membrane

large particles, such as cells or cellular debris, are transported into the cell

Protein Modification

GPCR

Phosphorylation Cascade

Cyclic AMP

Molecules travel to nearby cell

Molecules travel to a receptor on the same cell they were secreted from

Molecules travel to an adjacent cell

Molecules travel over long distance

There is only one receptor for the ligand to bind to

The ligand can only bind to a certain cell-receptor at a specific time

The shape of the receptors allow specific ligands to bind to it in order to carry out specific functions

The ligand never reaches the receptor

Molecules travel a short distance to bind to the receptor of a nearby cell

Molecules travel long distance to bind to the receptor of a far away cell

Molecules travel and bind to the receptors of an adjacent cell

Molecules bind to the receptor of the same cell they were secreted from