Drawing on an audience's sense of patriotism to persuade

An incorrect assumption that one event caused another event to occur

Claiming that an argument must be true because an authority figure believes it to be true

Presenting an audience with only two options or courses of action when, in reality, there are a variety of options

Intentionally introducing a new, unrelated point/argument to distract from the main point of an argument

Jumping to a conclusion that is not logically justified by sufficient or unbiased evidence

"Everyone else believes it, so it must be true."

Using a personal attack to respond to an argument rather than addressing the argument itself

Intentionally misrepresenting the opposition's argument in an attempt to make the argument seem less credible

Animal experimentation reduces our respect for life. If we don’t respect life, we are likely to be more and more tolerant of violent acts like war and murder. Soon our society will become a battlefield in which everyone constantly fears for their lives. It will be the end of civilization. To prevent this terrible consequence, we should make animal experimentation illegal right now.

The Dixie Sun Bowl in St. George is in bad shape. Either we tear it down and put up a new arena, or we continue to risk citizens’ safety. Obviously we shouldn’t risk anyone’s safety, so we must tear the arena down.

Speakers/writers oftentimes use logical fallacies intentionally to manipulate their listeners/readers.

When constructing your own arguments, you should try to use as many logical fallacies as possible.