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Earth's Surface

Total questions: 49

Worksheet time: 42mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Rain washing away soil from a hillside is an example of what?

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

d)

Compaction

2.

Waves dropping sand on the beach is an example of what?

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

d)

Compaction

3.

Caves being formed by acid rain dissolving underground limestone are examples of what?

a)

Chemical Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

d)

Mechanical Weathering

4.

Deltas forming at the mouths of rivers are examples of what?

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

d)

Compaction

5.

Water getting into cracks, freezing, and breaking the rocks or pavement apart is an examples of what?

a)

Mechanical Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

d)

Chemical Weathering

6.

A pond filling up with sediment and becoming a marsh is an example of what?

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

d)

Cementation

7.
A satellite image of an area in Florida shows a river with slight bends along its length. A second satellite image taken of the same area 10 years later shows the same river with  a different course. What is the best explanation for the difference in the shape of the river's course between the two satellite images?
a)
Wind blew waves across the water surface, eroding away the bank on one side of the river until the river's course changed its shape
b)
Regular freezing and thawing of the river split the soil along the river banks, changing the shape of the river
c)
Water eroded the banks of the river and deposited the eroded soil on opposite banks, causing the river to form tighter bends
d)
Acid rain chemically weathered the banks along the river, forcing the river to wind back and forth
8.

The process of breaking up rocks on Earth's surface is known as what?

a)

sediment

b)

erosion

c)

weathering

d)

deposition

9.
As you were climbing a mountain, you noticed that rocks were crumbling below your feet and moving down the mountain. What 2 processes did you observe?
a)
Weathering and erosion
b)
Erosion and deposition
c)
Abrasion and chemical weathering
d)
Abrasion and ice wedging
10.
Your teacher filled a box with sand. She put a fan at one end and turned the fan on. The sand was blown to the opposite side of the box and collected at that side. What processes was the teacher demonstrating?
a)
Weathering and erosion
b)
Weathering and deposition
c)
Erosion and deposition
d)
Chemical and mechanical weathering
11.
Rock made of layers of compressed sediments
a)
metamorphic rock
b)
igneous rock
c)
sedimentary rock
d)
school house rock
12.
Small pieces of rock are also called
a)
sediment
b)
coal
c)
organic matter
d)
erosion
13.
When the weight of new  sediment layers is deposited on top of older layers
a)
erosion
b)
compaction
c)
pressure
d)
weathering
14.
Force of objects pushing on other objects
a)
erosion
b)
pressure
c)
fighting
15.
The process of layers become stuck together forming sedimentary rocks
a)
sticking
b)
pressuring
c)
cementation
d)
deposition
16.
Decay or decomposition means to
a)
break into smaller parts
b)
make into larger parts
c)
destroy something
d)
fix something
17.
Preserved parts or traces of animals and plants that lived in the past
a)
natural gas
b)
imprints
c)
photos
d)
fossils
18.
Which of the following is not a fossil fuel
a)
Coal
b)
Electricity
c)
Oil
d)
Natural Gas
19.

A flammable liquid made from remains of marine organisms

a)

oil

b)

natural gas

c)

coal

d)

energy

20.

A flammable material, without a definite form, made from the remains of marine organisms from millions of years ago

a)

coal

b)

oil

c)

natural gas

d)

gasoline

21.
Coal, oil and natural gas formed over millions of years are called
a)
rare
b)
fuel energy
c)
fossil fuels
d)
ancient fuels
22.
A natural resource made from remains of swamp plants from millions of years ago
a)
gasoline
b)
oil
c)
natural gas
d)
coal
23.

How is sediment formed?

a)

Weathering

b)

Melting

c)

Pressure

d)

Erosion

24.
Where can the oldest layer be found?
a)
The top layer
b)
The middle layer
c)
They are all the same age
d)
The bottom layer
25.
In what kind of rock can fossils be found?
a)
Sedimentary Rocks
b)
Igneous Rocks
c)
Metamorphic Rocks
d)
Granite
26.
What are the 3 main fossil fuels?
a)
Coal, Oil, and Gasoline
b)
Coal, Oil, and Natural Gas
c)
Electricity, Gasoline, Petroleum
d)
Coal, Oil, Non-renewable Resources
27.
What must be present for Fossil Fuels to form?
a)
Bones and Sediment
b)
Dead Organisms and Layers of Sediment
c)
Dead Organisms, Layers of Sediment, and Heat & Pressure over time
d)
Bones, Layers of Sediment, and Heat & Pressure over time
28.
Fossil Fuels formed over long periods of time after particles in water settled to the sea floor and formed marine mud.  What kinds of particles needed to be present in the marine mud in order for fossil fuels to form.
a)
Mostly sand and a few small bits of wood
b)
Mostly decaying organisms
c)
Mostly lava and a few sedimentary rocks
d)
Mostly metal minerals
29.
Coal often forms where once there was swamps.  What characteristic of swamps is important to the formation of coal?
a)
High Temperature
b)
Abundant Plant Life
c)
Frequent Rains
d)
Reptile Predators
30.
What is the shaking of the Earth’s crust caused by a release of energy?
a)
Earthquake
b)
Epicenter
c)
Fault
d)
Plate
31.
The outside layer of the earth is called ______________________.
a)
core
b)
crust
c)
mantle
d)
outer core
32.

The huge pieces of the earth's crust are called ____________________________.

a)

crust

b)

plates

c)

fossils

d)

rocks

33.
Volcanoes are found...
a)
on land
b)
under water
c)
on islands
d)
all of the above
34.
What is the opening in Earth's crust through which molten rock, gases, and ash erupt?
a)
Divergent Boundary
b)
Magma
c)
Subduction Boundary
d)
Volcano
35.
A mixture of sand, silt, clay, rock, and humus (plant and animal remains) is called:
a)
sediments
b)
weathering
c)
erosion
d)
soil
36.

Features on Earth's surface, such as mountains, plains, hills, dunes, and valleys:

a)

earthquakes

b)

high

c)

tectonic plates

d)

landforms

37.

A large mass of SLOW moving ice and snow on land:

a)

glacier

b)

erosion

c)

avalanche

d)

mountain

38.
What happens during a land slide?
a)
Magma moves up from the mantle and erupts
b)
large pieces of land break off and slide down
c)
the ground freezes and melts when it's warmer
d)
water in streams and rivers overflow the banks
39.

What can cause earthquakes?

a)

Heavy rains make rivers overflow their banks

b)

tectonic plates push and slip past each other

c)

strong winds can push apart pieces of land

d)

waves travel across the sea and break apart on land

40.

An event that happens when mud or rocks slide down a hill or mountain:

a)

lava

b)

mudslide

c)

earthquake

d)

volcano

41.

When this occurs, gases, ash, and lava spew into the air or on the Earth's surface.

a)

volcanic eruption

b)

earthquake

c)

erosion

d)

weathering

42.

Which soil would retain the most water?

a)

coarse gravel

b)

fine sand

c)

fine clay

d)

potting soil

43.

Why are fossil fuels nonrenewable?

a)

They are easily replenished.

b)

They cause a lot of pollution.

c)

They are underground.

d)

They take millions of years to form.

44.

Canyons form from:

a)

fast moving rivers

b)

slow moving glaciers

c)

wind picking up and depositing sand

d)

water picking up, moving, then dropping off sediments when it slows

45.

U-shaped valleys form from:

a)

fast moving rivers

b)

slow moving glaciers

c)

wind picking up and depositing sand

d)

water picking up, moving, then dropping off sediments when it slows

46.

Sand dunes form from:

a)

fast moving rivers

b)

slow moving glaciers

c)

wind picking up and depositing sand

d)

water picking up, moving, then dropping off sediments when it slows

47.

V-shaped valleys form from:

a)

fast moving rivers

b)

slow moving glaciers

c)

wind picking up and depositing sand

d)

water picking up, moving, then dropping off sediments when it slows

48.

A company digs deep in the earth. They find a layer of rock with fossils of ferns and dinosaurs. several meters below that layer, they find another layer that has fossils of sea shells. What do the layers of rock they uncovered say about the environment of the area?

a)

Millions of years ago, the land was covered with volcanoes that killed all the plants and animals suddenly. Then a tsunami swept in, covering the area with water and oysters.

b)

Millions of years ago, the land was covered with plants and had land animals roaming around. Before that, the land was covered by a shallow sea.

c)

Millions of years ago, the land was covered land was covered by a shallow sea. Before that, the land was covered with plants and had land animals roaming around.

d)

Millions of years ago, the land was by an ocean full of ferns and dinosaurs.

49.

Deltas form from:

a)

fast moving rivers

b)

slow moving glaciers

c)

wind picking up and depositing sand

d)

water picking up, moving, then dropping off sediments when it slows

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