Worksheets11.1 Immune Response
Total questions: 19
Worksheet time: 17mins
A secondary immune response occurs when an antigen is encountered on a second occasion, due to exposure to a pathogen that previously caused infection. Which property of some viruses explains the lack of a secondary immune response?
Viruses fail to induce a primary response.
Viruses can have a high mutation rate.
B cells do not interact with viruses.
Antibodies cannot interact with viruses.
What is directly responsible for allergic symptoms, including a runny nose or itchy eyes?
pathogens
antigens
histamine
T-lymphocytes
Which sequence of events leads to the production of antibodies?
A
B
C
D
In the production of monoclonal antibodies, B-cells are fused to tumour cells to make hybridoma cells. What can hybridoma cells do?
divide endlessly
ingest antigens
become memory cells
bind to antibodies
What is an example of active immunity?
Antibodies passed from the mother to fetus across the placenta
Antibodies produced by another organism and injected to protect against a disease
Antibodies passed from the mother in colostrum during breastfeeding
Antibodies produced after the defence mechanisms have been stimulated by antigens
What first happens to a B lymphocyte when it becomes activated?
It divides by mitosis producing a clone of cells.
It begins transcription and produces antigens.
It differentiates into memory cells.
It produces antibodies using its extensive rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER).
What is clonal selection?
Production of memory B cells
Production of a group of identical organisms
Passive immunity as a result of inoculation with antibodies
Mitotic division of B cells activated in response to an infection
What occurs in the body after the injection of a vaccine containing antigens?
Activated B-cells divide to form memory cells.
The receiver of the vaccine develops passive immunity.
Helper T-cells produce specific antibodies.
Macrophages are cloned and destroy the antigen.
What is produced in the body during HIV infection?
Anti-HIV antibiotics
Anti-HIV antibodies
Anti-HIV anticodons
Anti-HIV antigens
Which of the following statements is incorrect?
Active immunity is the stimulation of the immune system to produce antigen-specific antibodies.
Vaccines produce immunological memory similar to that acquired by having the natural disease.
The most common way to acquire passive immunity is to have the natural disease.
Killed forms of a microorganism can act as an antigen.
How can active immunity be acquired?
by having the disease
injection of antibiodies
through colostrum (breastmilk)
via plancenta
What are fused in the production of monoclonal antibodies?
tumor cells and T-cells
tumor cells and B-cells
B-cells and T-cells
antibodies and antigens
Which cells activate helper T-cells by antigen presentation?
B-cells
Bacteria
Macrophages
Plasma cells
When a pathogen is ingested by a phagocyte, which event occurs first?
T-cell antivation
memory cell proliferation
antigen presentation by the phagocyte
B-cell activation
In Florey and Chain’s experiment, eight mice were infected with lethal doses of Streptococcus bacteria. The four mice given penicillin survived, but the untreated mice died. What can be concluded from these results?
The experiment should be repeated with more mice.
There is a causal relationship between the use of penicillin and antibiotic resistance in bacteria.
Penicillin can be used to treat bacterial infections in humans.
Penicillin may have played a role in the recovery of the four mice.
What steps occur in blood clotting?
Fibrin is converted to fibrinogen which then alters prothrombin into thrombin.
Thrombin is converted to prothrombin which then alters fibrinogen into fibrin.
Fibrinogen is converted to fibrin which then alters prothrombin into thrombin.
Prothrombin is converted to thrombin which then alters fibrinogen into fibrin.
What are antibodies?
Organisms or viruses that cause disease
Drugs used to treat bacterial diseases
Substances the body recognizes as foreign
Proteins that bind to foreign substances
What effect does HIV have on the immune system?
It prevents leucocytes from fighting bacteria by phagocytosis.
It causes excessive production of leucocytes in bone marrow.
It destroys antibodies produced by leucocytes.
It lowers the number of leucocytes, reducing antibody production.
What prevents antibiotics from being effective against viruses?
viruses have a high rate of mutation
viruses have no RNA
viruses have no metabolism
viruses have a protein shell that protects them
