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Statistical Studies

Total questions: 65

Worksheet time: 1hrs 9mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Determine the type of sampling used in the following scenario: Divide students into freshmen/sophomores and juniors/seniors and then conduct a survey about the amount of time spent studying.

a)

Systematic

b)

Simple Random

c)

Cluster

d)

Stratified

2.
Determine the type of sampling used in the following scenario: Randomly generate 5 area codes from the state of New York and count the number of high school students for each high school in the area code region.
a)
Systematic
b)
Simple Random
c)
Cluster
d)
Stratafied
3.
Determine the type of sampling used in the following scenario: Divide the users of the Internet into different age groups and then select a random sample from each age group to survey about the amount of time they spend on the Internet each month.
a)
Systematic
b)
Simple Random
c)
Cluster
d)
Stratafied
4.
Determine the type of sampling used in the following scenario: A psychologist uses a computer program to randomly select names from a list of students at a university.  The members of the sample will take a survey about student housing at the university. 
a)
Convenience
b)
Self-Selection
c)
Systematic
d)
Random
5.
Determine the type of sampling used in the following scenario: An orange grower wishes to compute the average yield from his orchard. The orchard contatins 3 varieties: 50% of his trees are variety A, 25% of variety B, 25% of variety C. Suppose that the grower selects for his sample a 10 by 30 rectangular block of 300 trees of variety A, a 10 by 15 block of 150 B trees, and a 10 by 15 block of 150 C trees. What type of sampling is being used?
a)
Stratified Sampling
b)
Cluster Sampling
c)
Simple Random Sampling
d)
Convenience Sampling
6.
Determine the type of sampling used in the following scenario: Ms. Dubovik samples her class by selecting every third person on her class list.  Which type of sampling method is this?
a)
Simple
b)
Systematic
c)
Stratified
d)
Cluster
7.
Determine the type of sampling used in the following scenario: Ms. Dubovik samples her class by selecting all students sitting at group 1 and group 5 in her classroom.  This sampling technique is called?
a)
Simple
b)
Stratified
c)
Systematic
d)
Cluster
8.
Determine the type of sampling used in the following scenario: Ms. Dubovik samples her class by picking 10 numbers from her hat and each number is assigned to a student. This is ______________ random sampling.
a)
Systematic
b)
Simple
c)
Stratified
d)
Cluster
9.
Determine the type of sampling used in the following scenario: Farmer Joe separates his apple tree farm into 10 regions.  He counts the number of apples produced in just one of the regions and uses that estimate to predict the number of apples produced on the whole farm.  This is _______ sampling.
a)
Simple
b)
Cluster
c)
Stratified
d)
Systematic
10.
Determine the type of sampling used in the following scenario: Farmer Joe's apple tree farm is set up in 100 rows.  He counts the number of apples produced on every 10th row to estimate the number apples produced on the whole farm.  This is _____________ sampling.  
a)
Simple
b)
Stratified
c)
Cluster
d)
Systematic
11.
Determine the type of sampling used in the following scenario: Farmer Joe randomly picks 100 trees using a random number generator to estimate the number of apples produced by his apple trees.  This is ______________ sampling.
a)
Simple
b)
Stratified
c)
Cluster
d)
Systematic
12.
Determine the type of sampling used in the following scenario: If every individual in a population has the same chance of being included in a sample, the sample is a(n) _________ sample.
a)
Biased Sample
b)
Convenience Sample
c)
Random Sample
d)
Stratified Sample
13.
Determine the type of sampling used in the following scenario:To find out what the preferred ice cream flavor is, wait outside an ice cream parlor and ask every 4th person leaving the store to name his or her favorite flavor until you get 25 responses is an example of...
a)
Convenience Sample
b)
Simple Random Sample
c)
Stratified Random Sample
d)
Systematic Sample
14.
Determine the type of sampling used in the following scenario: To study the amount of time students spend doing homework each day, use a random number generator to select 25 freshmen, 25 sophomores, 25 juniors, and 25 seniors to survey.
a)
Convenience Sample
b)
Simple Random Sample
c)
Stratified Random Sample
d)
Interval Sample
15.
Determine the type of sampling used in the following scenario: Starting at 8:00 Monday morning the first 50 students entering the front doors are selected to be in the sample.  This is what type of sampling design? 
a)
Systematic
b)
Voluntary Response
c)
Cluster
d)
Convenience
16.

A Parks Department employee wants to know if latex paint is more durable than non-latex paint. She has 50 park benches painted with latex paint and has 50 park benches painted with non-latex paint.

a)

Experiment

b)

Survey

c)

Observational study

17.

A researcher asks college students how many hours of sleep they got on an average night and examines whether the number of hours of sleep affects the students’ grades

a)

Experiment

b)

Survey

c)

Observational study

18.

To test the redesign of it’s website, an online bookseller assembled 96 users of the site and randomly divided them into two groups. One group used the new website to make a purchase and one group used the old website to make the same purchase. Users of the new site were able to complete the purchase 22% faster

a)

Experiment

b)

Survey

c)

Observational study

19.

A grocery store conducts an online study in which customers are randomly selected and asked to provide feedback on their shopping experience

a)

Expirement

b)

Survey

c)

Observational study

20.
Of observational studies, surveys, and experiments, random sampling is only important in experiments.
a)
True
b)
False
21.
If you discovered that eating granola for breakfast improved English scores in a random sample of 20 males from your school, it would not be valid to generalize these results to the females.
a)
True
b)
False
22.
Is diet or exercise effective in combating insomnia? Some believe that cutting out desserts can help alleviate the problem, while others recommend exercise. Forty volunteers suffering from insomnia agreed to participate in a month-long experiment. Half were randomly assigned to a special no-desserts diet; the others continued desserts as usual. Half of the people in each of these groups were randomly assigned to an exercise program, while the others did not exercise. Those who ate no desserts and engaged in exercise showed the most improvement. 
a)
Observational Study
b)
Experiment
23.
Researchers have linked an increase in the incidence of breast cancer in Italy to dioxin released by an industrial accident in 1976. The study identified 981 women who lived near the site of the industrial explosion and were under age 40 at the time. Fifteen of the women had developed breast cancer, at an unusually young average age of 45. Medical records showed that these women had heightened concentrations of dioxin in their blood, and that each 10-fold increase in dioxin level was associated with a doubling of the risk of breast cancer. (Science News, Aug. 3, 2002)
a)
Observational Study
b)
Experiment
24.
To research the effects of "dietary patterns" on blood pressure in 459 subjects, subjects were randomly assigned to three groups and had their meals prepared by dieticians. Those who were fed a diet low in fat and cholesterol and high in fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy foods (known as the DASH diet) lowered their systolic blood pressure by an average of 6.7 points when compared with subjects fed a control diet. 
a)
Observational Study
b)
Experiment
25.
The May 4, 2000, issue of Science News reported that, contrary to popular belief, depressed individuals cry no more often in response to sad situations than nondepressed people. Researchers studied 23 men and 48 women with major depression, and 9 men and 24 women with no depression. They showed the subjects a sad film about a boy whose father has died, noting whether or not the subjects cried. Women cried more often than men, but there were no significant differences between the depressed and nondepressed groups. 
a)
Observational Study
b)
Experiment
26.
When one examines the entire population instead of a subgroup of the population, this is called a ____________.
a)
Sampling
b)
Census
c)
Bias
27.
The most important advantage of experiments over observational studies is that
a)
A) experiments are usually easier to carry out
b)
B)Experiments can usually give better evidence of causation
c)
C) Confounding cannot happen in experiments
d)
D) Observational studies cannot use random samples
28.
A study is conducted to investigate the relationship between owning pets and happiness. 100 subjects are randomly selected and data on whether or not a pet is owned and a happiness score (1‐10, 10 being extremely happy) are obtained.
Is this an OBSERVATIONAL or EXPERIMENTAL study?
a)
Observational
b)
Experimental
29.
At a middle school, the 7th graders will conduct a survey for where to go on a field trip. Which method will result in the least biased decision?
a)
to randomly ask 8th grade students who went on a field trip last year
b)
to randomly choose some 7th grade students to select a location
c)
to ask all 7th grade teachers and administrators for a location
d)
to ask the student council to choose a location
30.
The choir director in a high school wants to know how the students in the school feel about singing. If the director selects 100 girls and 100 boys to complete a survey, which method will result in a biased sample?
a)
The students will be selected from the choir
b)
The students will be selected randomly throughout the school
c)
The students will be selected on Wednesday afternoon before the choir concert
d)
The choir director will select five students from each of the forty homerooms in the school
31.
Which scenario would produce the least biased results?
a)
asking athletes at a gym what their favorite television show is
b)
asking shoppers at a store where their favorite place to shop is
c)
asking fans at a baseball game who their favorite baseball team is
d)
asking students in a college library what their favorite college sports team is
32.
Ana wants to know the average student’s opinion of the tardy policy at her school. Which group of students should she survey in order to achieve the most accurate results?
a)
thirty students who are often tardy
b)
thirty students who are rarely tardy
c)
thirty of her friends
d)
thirty randomly selected students from her school
33.
Mrs. Croix is conducting a survey to find out the favorite snack of fifth and sixth graders. She will ask a sample of 100 students. Which of the groups below should be surveyed to get the BEST representative sample?
a)
100 students at the movie theater
b)
the first 100 students who go to a local baseball game
c)
5 students from each of the 20 local elementary schools
d)
20 students from each of the 5 local fifth- and sixth-grade schools
34.

Would this get a biased response?

Question: Should more money be put into athletic programs or music programs?

Group: Students in the band program

a)

Yes because they only asked students in the band program, so their opinion is likely to be band.

b)

No because they could be randomly selected band students.

35.

Will the following give bias answers?

Question: What is your favorite sport?

Group: People who play soccer

a)

Yes because they play soccer so they are likely to say it is their favorite sport

b)

No because playing the sport will not influence their opinion

36.

The Democrat party wants to know how American's feel about illegal immigration, so they send a survey out to everyone listed on their party's mailing list.


How does this show bias?

a)

Only one party matters.

b)

The survey is biased because it is going to Democrats only; other party members don't matter where immigration is concerned.

c)

This is biased because members of all parties are not represented in the survey.

d)

Repulicans and Democrats are the only two parties to consider.

37.
In an experiment studying the effects of diets and salt-intake, the subjects were randomly assigned to the different treatments.  What is the most important reason for the random assignment?
a)
random assignment eliminates the effects of other variables such as stress and body weight
b)
random assignment is a good way to create groups of subjects that are roughly equivalent at the beginning of the experiment
c)
random assignment makes it possible to make a conclusion about all men
d)
random assignment reduces the amount of variation in blood pressure
38.
A report in a medical journal notes that the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease among subjects who regularly opted to take Ibuprofen was about half the risk among those who did not.  Is this good evidence that Ibuprofen is effective in preventing Alzheimer's?
a)
Yes, because the study was a randomized, comparative experiment
b)
No, because the effect of Ibuprofen is confounded with the placebo effect
c)
No, because this is an observational study.  An experiment would be needed to confirm (or not confirm) the observed effect.
d)
Yes, because a 50% reduction can't hapen just by chance
39.
Sam tested every 50th candy bar from the assembly line to make sure there were enough peanuts in each bar.  He found 15% did not have enough peanuts.  Which type of sampling did he use?
a)
Cluster
b)
Systematic
c)
Convenience
d)
Simple Random
40.

The teacher samples her class by randomly selecting 5 girls and then randomly selecting 7 boys. This type of sampling is called?

a)

Stratified

b)

Systematic

c)

Simple

d)

Cluster

41.

The teacher samples her class by selecting every third person on her class list. Which type of sampling method is this?

a)

Simple

b)

Systematic

c)

Stratified

d)

Cluster

42.

The teacher samples her class by selecting all students sitting at table 1 and table 5 in her classroom. This sampling technique is called?

a)

Simple Random Sample

b)

Stratified

c)

Systematic

d)

Cluster

43.
Source of bias that occurs when you ask people who are EASY to ask
a)
Response Bias
b)
Convenience Sampling
c)
Nonresponse
d)
Voluntary Response
44.

Farmer Joe randomly picks 25 trees using a random number generator to estimate the number of apples per tree.

a)

Simple Random Sample

b)

Stratified

c)

Cluster

d)

Systematic

45.
To find out what the preferred ice cream flavor is, wait outside an ice cream parlor and ask every 4th person leaving the store to name his or her favorite flavor until you get 25 responses is an example of...
a)
Convenience Sample
b)
Simple Random Sample
c)
Stratified Random Sample
d)
Systematic Sample
46.

When the median is more than the mean this results in a positive skew

a)

false

b)

true

47.

When the median is more than the mean this results in a negative (left) skew

a)

true

b)

false

48.

When the mean is less than the mode this leads to a ...

a)

positive skew

b)

negative skew

49.

When mode is more than median this leads to a

a)

negative skew

b)

positive skew

50.
Shape?
a)
Skewed right
b)
Skewed left
c)
Symmetric
d)
Unimodal
51.

What is the shape of this bar graph?

a)

Skew right

b)

Skew left

c)

Symmetrical

d)

uniform

52.
Describe the histogram:
a)
Left Skewed
b)
Normal/Symmetrical
c)
Right Skewed
d)
Uniform/Flat
53.
a)

skewed left

b)

skewed right

c)

symmetrical

54.
The shape of the data is skewed left.
a)
TRUE
b)
FALSE
55.

Describe the shape of Daniel's data

a)

skewed left

b)

skewed right

c)

symmetrical

56.
The shape of the data is skewed left.
a)
TRUE
b)
FALSE
57.

What is the shape of the data for Lucy's Steakhouse?

a)

skewed left

b)

skewed right

c)

symmetrical

58.

What is the box plot?

a)

skewed left

b)

skewed right

c)

symmetrical

59.

The following dot plot is

a)

skewed left

b)

skewed right

c)

symmetrical

60.

The majority of the data is on the right...

a)

skewed left

b)

skewed right

c)

symmetrical

61.

The following dot plot

a)

skewed left

b)

skewed right

c)

symmetrical

62.

mean = median

a)

skewed left

b)

skewed right

c)

symmetrical

63.
Type of Data arrangement
a)
Symmetrical
b)
Hairline
c)
Skewed Right
d)
Skewed Left
64.
How would you describe this distribution?
a)
Left Skewed
b)
Symmetrical
c)
Right Skewed
d)
Uniform
65.
How would you describe this distribution?
a)
Left skewed
b)
Uniform
c)
Right Skewed
d)
Symmetrical

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