Calligraphy writing, algebra and advances in the medical sciences occurred in an Islamic golden age.

The feudal system based on loyalty and chivalry is developed.

Michelangelo painted the ceiling and back wall of the Sistine Chapel in Rome.

Galileo proved the heliocentric, sun-centered theory, with a new powerful telescope.

They invented a direct democracy that resulted in our representative democracy.

Martin Luther nailed up his 95 Theses in protest of the Catholic Church's corruption.

Their contributions include silk and gunpowder.

They were a cultural and commerce center because of their gold, salt, ivory and slave trade.

The Columbian Exchange or trade of Old and New World goods and ideas occurred.

The Magna Carta limited the power of the king and gave rights to the people like freedom of religion, the right to a fair trial and the right to bear arms.

Technological advances of concrete, arches and the dome were invented.

The Olympics were invented.

After killing Christians for hundreds of years, they finally adopt Christianity as an official religion and spread it throughout Europe.

The Crusades were fought between Muslims and Christians over the “Holy Land.”

The Mughals built the Taj Mahal here.

Africans were enslaved when Europeans realized that Native Americans died too easily from disease.

Our “Arabic” number system actually started here.

They create a republican form of government with checks and balances like “veto” that leads to our government.

They invented the study of philosophy, history, biology and geometry.

The economic theory of mercantilism was used to colonize new parts of the world.

They help spread Islam and the Arabic language as a result of an extensive trade network south of the Sahara Desert.

They built 60,000 miles worth of roads and bridges.

Muhammad was born during this time and becomes the great prophet of Islam.

Their alphabet and language led directly to Spanish, French, Italian and Portuguese.

They invented triangular pediments and architectural columns like the Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian.

The Gutenberg printing press is used to spread new ideas faster & the people get a voice.

The Catholic Church splits up and many Protestant churches are created that still exist today.

Technological advances including triangular sails, rear rudders, and the magnetic compass make sailing much easier.

People lived on self-sufficient manors because it was too dangerous to trade.

Marco Polo makes a trip here to visit Kublai Khan’s court after the Mongols conquer this area.

The artistic technique of depth perspective is invented.

Technological advances included the screw and compound pulley found in cranes.

Artistic advances included the invention of drama, both comedy and tragedy.

Cultural influences from this time include racism in the USA, the Portuguese language in Brazil, and Christianity in the Americas.

Arab Muslims develop advanced medical treatments, surgery techniques and hospitals during this time.

They first used juries to decide if people were innocent or guilty.

The statue of David, the Mona Lisa and an early flying machine were all created.

Shakespeare created plays like Romeo and Juliet and wrote beautiful 14 line poems called sonnets.

The discovery of bacteria while using a microscope occurred.