WorksheetsHeredity & Reproduction EOC Review
Total questions: 33
Worksheet time: 18mins
Which of the following occurs during binary fission?
Two genetically identical cells are produced.
A cell grows as large as it can.
The nucleus of a cell divides into two nuclei.
A cell develops a second cell membrane.
Genetic variation is an advantage in changing environment. Which form of reproduction enables organisms to produce varied offspring?
binary fission
asexual reproduction
mitosis
sexual reproduction
During which stage of the cell cycle is a mutation that leads to cancer most likely to occur?
G1
S
G2
mitosis
Genetic engineers use plasmids. A plasmid is
a map of a gene.
a cell that is not yet specialized.
a small, circular piece of DNA
an enzyme that can cut DNA into pieces.
Which of the following describes part of a phenotype?
Gg
having freckles
homozygous
heterozygous
If a strand of DNA reads - T-G-A-A-C, what would be the complementary strand of DNA be?
T-G-A-A-C
A-C-T-T-G
T-G-U-U-C
U-C-T-T-G
Proteins are formed in the cytoplasm of cells using genetic instructions from DNA, which is located in the cell nucleus. Which of the following best explains how the genetic information gets to the site of protein synthesis?
DNA is divided during mitosis, and one strand travels outside the nucleus to bind with RNA and form a protein.
DNA is copied to make mRNA. The mRNA leaves the nucleus and goes to the ribosomes where the information is used to guide protein synthesis.
Genetic information travels from DNA in the nucleus along a strand of mRNA that is connected to ribosomes in the cytoplasm where proteins are made.
The genetic code is transferred to ribosomes on the tRNA molecules, which can pass through the nuclear membrane.
Transcription creates an mRNA molecule using DNA as a template. Where does this occur?
in the cell membrane
in the cytoplasm
in the nucleus
in the ribosomes
Which of the following describes an organism that has two different alleles for a trait?
heterozygous
homozygous
dominant
recessive
What did the DNA sequence that produced an mRNA strand with the sequence AGUACA look like?
UCAUGU
AGTACA
AGUACA
TCATGT
At about which point in its development does a human embryo become a fetus?
at fertilization
about eight or nine days after fertilization
about eight weeks after fertilization
just before birth
If DNA segments changes from GGTTAG to GGATAG this is a
insertion mutation
deletion mutation
inversion mutation
translocation
What is a mutation?
the specific sequence of bases in a molecule of DNA
the process by which a molecule of DNA makes a copy of itself
the perfect replication of a DNA molecule
a change in the genetic material of a cell
In rabbits, the allele for a black coat is dominant over the allele for a brown coat. If a rabbit is homozygous for brown fur, what is its genotype?
bb
BB
Bb
B
In which part of the male reproductive system are sperm made and stored?
penis
scrotum
testes
vas deferens
Which correctly describes a genetic trait that is sex-linked in humans?
The trait appears only in males or only in females, but not in both.
The gene is always carried on the Y chromosome.
The trait is expressed only during the act of reproduction.
The trait is carried on the X or Y chromosome.
In a DNA molecule, thymine always pairs with
guanine
cytosine
thymine
adenine
Which is part of meiosis but not of mitosis?
cell division
duplication of chromosomes
reduction of chromosome number
production of new cells
When does differentiation begin?
when the zygote forms
when the zygote begins to divide
when the embryo forms layers
when the offspring is born
The sequence of mRNA is AGUACA. Which of these is the sequence of tRNA?
UCAUGU
AGTACA
AGUACA
TCATGT
What is an advantage of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction in an environment that changes often?
Sexual reproduction generally requires less energy.
Sexual reproduction has a higher rate of success of producing offspring.
Sexual reproduction results in a genetically varied population.
Sexual reproduction guarantees that the offspring will be identical.
In order to clone an organism, which of these must be removed from the donor egg cell?
the nucleus
the cytoplasm
the Y chromosome
the X chromosome
Which is an example of codominance?
A smooth-seeded pea plant and a wrinkled-seeded pea plant produce smooth-seeded pea plants.
A white rabbit and a black rabbit produce a white-and-black rabbit.
A blue-eyed man and a brown-eyed woman produce a blue-eyed child.
A color-blind woman and a man with normal vision produce a color-blind son.
In a DNA molecule, the sides of the “staircase” are composed of
single nucleotides
pairs of nucleotides
joined sugars and phosphates
joined nitrogen bases and phosphates
Which of these is not an advantage of genetically engineered crop plants?
They can produce their own pesticides.
They can grow larger than unmodified crops.
They can contain extra nutrients.
They cannot cause an allergic reaction.
In which part of the female reproductive system does an embryo develop?
oravies
fallopian tube
uterus
vagina
What are the building blocks of DNA?
genes
nucleotides
amino acids
ribosomes
If an organisms’s body cells contain 48 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will its gametes have?
96
48
24
12
When does the following process take place?
during fertilization
during meiosis
during DNA replication
during binary fission
Which type of mutation occurs when one base replaces another base in a DNA codon?
point mutation
frameshift mutation
chromosomal mutation
nondisjunction
The genetic code is universal. This means that
all organisms can exchange genes.
a given codon always codes for the same amino acid.
viruses need their own DNA in order to reproduce.
animals have more chromosomes than plants or fungi.
Consider the following statements about genetic engineering:
I. Pieces of DNA from two different organisms can be joined.
II. Genes from complex organisms such as animals can be inserted into simpler organisms such as bacteria.
III. Recombinant DNA is not passed down to offspring during reproduction.
IV. Genetic engineering can benefit medicine and society by producing large amounts of proteins that are used to treat certain diseases.
Which of the above statements are true?
I, II, and IV
I, III, and IV
I and IV only
I, II, III and IV
Which type of mutation is least likely to result in a phenotypic change in an offspring?
a point mutation in a somatic cell
a duplication mutation in a gamete
a deletion in a gamete
a translocation of a gamete
