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Genetics Review

Total questions: 77

Worksheet time: 57mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
What phase of mitosis is shown in the picture?
a)
Prophase
b)
Anaphase
c)
Telophase
d)
Metaphase
2.
Chromatid pairs line up in the middle of the cell.
a)
Metaphase
b)
Telophase
c)
Anaphase
d)
Interphase
3.
What phase of mitosis is shown in the picture?
a)
Prophase
b)
Anaphase
c)
Telophase
d)
Metaphase
4.
Mitosis is a type of ________________ reproduction.
a)
Sexual
b)
Asexual
5.
What phase of mitosis is shown in the picture?
a)
Prophase
b)
Anaphase
c)
Telophase
d)
Metaphase
6.
What causes genetic variation in meiosis?
a)
chromosomes lining up
b)
crossing over of chromosomes
c)
separation of chromosomes
d)
chromosomes pulling apart
7.
What kind of cells are made in MEIOSIS?
a)
Haploid cells
b)
Diploid Cells
c)
Skin Cells
d)
Liver Cells
8.
Crossing over creates
a)
male genotype
b)
genetic variation (differences)
c)
DNA replication
d)
mitosis
9.
Which cellular process is shown?
a)
meiosis
b)
endocytosis
c)
mitosis
d)
phagocytosis
10.
A human zygote should have _____ chromosomes inside.
a)
46
b)
23
c)
92
d)
64
11.
Meiosis makes sperm and egg cells. In humans, sperm and egg cells each have _____ chromosomes. Therefore a fertilized human egg cell (sperm and egg cell combined) would create a cell with _____ chromosomes.
a)
23, 46
b)
46, 23
c)
2, 4
d)
50, 100
12.
How many daughter cells does Meiosis create?
a)
2
b)
4
c)
8
d)
1
13.
An organism’s physical appearance, or visible traits. 
a)
Genotype
b)
Phenotype
c)
Beanotype
d)
Notype
14.
Which of the following is homozygous dominant?
a)
Yy
b)
Y
c)
yy
d)
YY
15.
T - tall and t = short
In the punnett square below, what belongs in the missing square
a)
tt
b)
Tt
c)
Bb
d)
TT
16.
B = brown fur  b = white fur
In the punnett square, what is the probability for white fur? 
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
17.
Which of the following is a phenotype?
a)
Aa
b)
black hair
c)
heterozygous genes
d)
mutated DNA
18.
Which of the following genotypes is heterozygous?
a)
Bb
b)
BB
c)
bb
d)
B
19.
In a certain species of plant, the color purple (P) is dominant to the color white (p).
According to the Punnett Square, what is the probability of an offspring being white?
a)
25%
b)
0%
c)
100%
d)
50%
20.
A heterozygous long-tusked elephant is crossed with a homozygous recessive short-tusked elephant. What is the probability of the offspring having short tusks?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
21.
A heterozygous long-tusked elephant is crossed with a homozygous recessive short-tusked elephant. What is the probability of the offspring having short tusks?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
22.
Survival of the Fittest and Evolution were proposed by what scientist?
a)
Charles Darwin
b)
Albert Einstein
c)
Steven Hawking
d)
Isaac Newton
23.
Behavioral changes of individuals of a species that allow for better survival. (Acquired traits)
a)
Variation
b)
Adaptation
c)
Behavior
d)
Environment
24.
When every organism of a species has died.
a)
Evolution
b)
Natural Selection
c)
Extinction
d)
Artificial Selection
25.
What is the advantage of having different shaped beaks?
a)
To look different from other species.
b)
To be able to eat the food readily available in the environment.
c)
To protect itself against predators.
d)
To protect itself against prey.
26.
Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?
a)
Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce.
b)
Because they come from dominant alleles.
c)
Because they come from recessive alleles.
d)
Because the trait is an acquired phenotype.
27.
Mutations are a change in what?
a)
DNA
b)
tRNA
c)
genotype
d)
phenotype
28.
Which is not an example of an adaptation?
a)
A bird's beak allows it to crack open hard nuts.
b)
A zebra's stripes allow it to confuse its predators.
c)
A frog's large hind legs allow it to jump from danger.
d)
A cat sleeps on the sofa to avoid the vacuum cleaner.
29.
Which of the following is a term for a group of similar organisms that can reproduce fertile offspring?
a)
individual
b)
population
c)
species
d)
fossil
30.
According to this cladogram, sharks are MOST closely related to which organism? 
a)
Amphibians
b)
Ray finned fish
c)
Crocodiles
d)
Birds
31.
Which two orgainsms have hair? 
a)
Sharks & Ray Finned Fish
b)
Primates & Rodents
c)
Birds & Crocodiles
d)
Rabbits & Birds
32.
According to this cladogram, birds are LEAST related to: 
a)
Amphibians
b)
Sharks
c)
Ray Finned Fish
d)
Crocodiles
33.
What is embryology?
a)
         Adaptation.
b)
The study of fetus and embryo development, and fertilization.
c)
           Evolution.
d)
 The study of fossils.
34.
How does embryology support the Theory of Evolution?
a)
It shows that they have a common ancestor because of their similarities.
b)
         I'm not sure.
c)
Animals change over time. 
35.

True or False: Evidence from the fossil record shows that species change gradually over time.

a)

True

b)

False

36.
Breeding dogs for specific desired traits is an example of which type of evolutionary evidence?
a)
Artificial selection
b)
Embryology
c)
Fossils
d)
Biochemical molecules
37.
  The diagram shows an image of a Pterosaur wing, bat wing, and bird wing.  These are all different organisms, but share similar wing structures.  If these structures are similar due to common ancestry, which of the following best describes them?
a)
a.  Vestigial Organ
b)
b.  Embryological Similarities
c)
c.  Homologous Structures
d)
d.  Analogous Structures
38.
The structures shown are_________
a)
homologous
b)
heterologous
c)
analogous
d)
vestigial
39.
a)
Homologous
b)
Vesitigial
c)
Analogous
40.
Which sequence of complementary DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG?
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
41.
Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule?
a)
double helix
b)
contains ribose
c)
made of amino acids
d)
contains uracil
42.
In a molecule of double-stranded DNA, the amount of adenine present is always equal to the amount of _________.
a)
cytosine
b)
guanine
c)
thymine
d)
uracil
43.

A process in which DNA has the unique ability to make an exact copy of itself.

a)

Replication

b)

Translation

c)

Transcription

d)

Protein Synthesis

44.
What are the four nitrogen bases?
a)
adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine
b)
adenine, lysine, prolene, guanine
c)
arganine, cytosine, lysine, purine
d)
lysine, cytosine, lucine, guanine
45.
Guanine bonds with ______________.
a)
Adenine
b)
Guanine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Thymine
46.
Which of the following statements is true?
a)
DNA is single-stranded
b)
RNA is single-stranded
c)
DNA contains uracil
d)
RNA contains deoxyribose
47.
What is the difference between DNA and RNA in terms of bases?
a)
RNA contains uracil in place of thymine
b)
RNA contains uracil in place of adenine
c)
RNA contains uracil in place of guanine
d)
RNA contains uracil in place of  cytosine
48.

What is an adaptation?

a)

A feature that helps only a plant grow.

b)

A feature that helps a living thing survive.

c)

A feature that helps a living thing walk.

d)

A feature that that helps only animals survive.

49.
A flash flood carried a raft of Amazon ants away from their original population. There is enough distance between the two groups, that they will never meet in nature again. What type of reproductive barrier is this?
a)
behavioral isolation
b)
temporal isolation 
c)
gametic isolation
d)
geographic isolation 
50.
The term for the formation of new and distinct species over the course of evolution is...
a)
speciation
b)
biological species concept
c)
reproductive barrier
d)
natural selection
51.
Species with ______variation are ______likely to survive.
a)
more, less
b)
less,less
c)
less,more
d)
more,more
52.

The peppered moth's color camouflaged it on the light colored tree bark. It's color was an example of a/n

a)

Variation

b)

Dominant trait

c)

Recessive trait

d)

Adaptation

53.

Which beak is probably best suited to crack open nuts?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

54.

Another term for Natural Selection is:

a)

Breeding

b)

Commensulism

c)

Communism

d)

Survival of the fittest

55.
Which two bear species are most closely related?
a)
Bear 1 and Bear 2
b)
Bear 1 and Bear 3
c)
Bear 2 and Bear 3
d)
There’s no way to tell
56.
Which suspect is likely guilty?
a)
Suspect #1
b)
Suspect #2
c)
Suspect #3
57.

Which is the likely 'sire' (dog's dad) of the given puppy?

a)

Sire A

b)

Sire B

c)

Sire C

d)

Sire D

58.
DNA fingerprinting works because
a)
Most genes are dominant
b)
All organisms contain RNA
c)
The most important genes are different among most people
d)
No two people, except identical twins, have exactly the same DNA 
59.

Which of the following sequences best describes the flow of information that takes place when a gene directs the synthesis of a cellular component?

a)

RNA-DNA-RNA-PROTEIN

b)

DNA-RNA-PROTEIN

c)

PROTEIN-RNA-DNA

d)

DNA-AMINO ACID-RNA-PROTEIN

60.

The transfer of genetic info from DNA to RNA is called

a)

translation

b)

transcription

c)

initiation

d)

elongation

61.

Any change in the nucleotide sequence of a gene is called

a)

a mutation

b)

a codon

c)

a translation

d)

an anticodon

62.
Which is the mRNA molecule that would be transcribed from this DNA template:
TGGCAAGTACGT
a)
ACCGTTCATGCA
b)
UGGCAAGUACGU
c)
UCCGUUCUUGCU
d)
ACCGUUCAUGCA
63.
Does the order of amino acids in a protein matter?
a)
YES!
b)
NO!
64.
The table below gives the codons found in messenger RNA (mRNA). A scientist extracted a protein fragment from a cell. The fragment had the amino acid sequence: Met-Glu. Which of the following is a possible  sequence that is associated with this protein fragment?
a)
TACCTC
b)
UACCUC
c)
ATGGTG
d)
AUGGUG
65.

What is the correct amino acid sequence for the mRNA code

AUG-CCA-GUA-UGA

a)

Met-Pro-Ala-Val

b)

Met-Pro-Val-stop

c)

Tyr-Gly-His

d)

Tyr-Gly-Arg-His

66.
Having blue eyes is an example of
a)
genotype
b)
phenotype
67.
The genotype of:  Bbll  will have the PHENOTYPE of...
a)
black fur/short tail
b)
black fur/long tail
c)
white fur/short tail
d)
white fur/long tail
68.

What kind of natural selection graph would fit this scenario: A long and short stemmed flowers do worst. Medium are more likely to survive and reproduce.

a)

Directional

b)

Stabilizing

c)

Selective

69.

What natural selection graph best describes this scenario: The black peppered moth is better suited for the changed environment.

a)

Directional

b)

Selective

c)

Disruptive

70.

What natural selection graph best describes this scenario: The spiders with long legs are able to move faster, the ones with shorter legs are more balanced. Medium legged spiders are less likely to survive and reproduce.

a)

Selective

b)

Directional

c)

Disruptive

71.

What type of Natural Selection Graph is this?

a)

Directional

b)

Selective

c)

Disruptive

72.

What type of Natural Selection Graph is this?

a)

Directional

b)

Disruptive

c)

Selective

73.

What type of Natural Selection Graph is this?

a)

Directional

b)

Disruptive

c)

Stabilizing

74.

What is evidence for evolution?

a)

Embryology

b)

Comparing DNA

c)

Homologous Structures

d)

Fossil Record

75.

What is an example of a hybrid?

a)

Hh

b)

HH

c)

hh

d)

XY

76.

What is an example of a purebred?

a)

tt

b)

TT

c)

Tt

d)

XY

77.

What is the correct order of Mitosis?

a)

Anaphase, Prophase, Telophase, Interphase, Metaphase, Cytokenesis

b)

Prophase, Interphase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Cytokinesis

c)

Interphase, Prophase, Anaphase, Metaphase, Telophase, Cytokinesis

d)

Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Cytokinesis

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