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WorksheetsAP Biology Body systems
Total questions: 24
Worksheet time: 13mins
When the body temperature decreases, hypothalamus sends out signals to constrict blood vessels to reduce heat loss and to shiver muscles to generate heat. This is an example of
positive feedback
negative feedback
feedback inhibition
allosteric inhibition
When baby starts pushing against the cervix, hypothalamus releases oxytocin to further contract the uterine walls. This is an example of
positive feedback
negative feedback
When a person is dehydrated, pituitary gland releases antidiuretic hormone (ADH) to allow reabsorption of water into blood to reduce water loss. This is an example of
positive feedback
negative feedback
When blood glucose level rises, the pancreas releases insulin to allow glucose to enter into livers for storage. This is an example of
positive feedback
negative feedback
When human tissue is damaged, the cells near the wound site send out a signal to activate platelets. This recruits more platelets to the wound to form a plug. This is an example of
positive feedback
negative feedback
Which part of neuron receives an incoming signal?
dendrite
cell body
axon
myeline sheath
The diagram shows the propagation of an action potential in neurons. What occurs in phase 3 in the diagram?
the cell is at resting potential
voltage-gated K+ channels open, repolarizing the membrane.
Na+-K+ pump restores the original ion and charge distribution across the membrane.
voltage-gated Na+ channels open, depolarizing the membrane.
Which of the following is INCORRECT regarding the communication at the synapse?
Ca+2 channels open, allowing Ca+2 ions to rush into pre-synaptic neuron
neurotransmitters packaged in vesicles fuse with the membrane to release neurotransmitters into the synapse
neurotransmitters bind to the receptors on post-synaptic neuron
After a signal has been transmitted, neurotransmitters get quickly degraded
A pufferfish's liver produces TTX which is a neurotoxin that inactivates the voltage-gated Na+ channels in the neurons. Which of the following will be the most immediate effect of TTX poisoning?
membrane cannot be depolarized and cannot initiate an action potential
membrane is depolarized but it cannot be repolarized to return to the resting potential
vesicles cannot fuse with the membrane and no neurotransmitter is released to the synapse
no signal is transmitted to motor neurons, paralyzing the muscles
Bacteria uses quorum sensing to determine the population density of their species in their surrounding. Each bacterium produces a ligand. Once the concentration of that ligand reaches a critical level, all bacteria respond simultaneously. This is an example of
autocrine signaling
juxtacrine signaling
paracrine signaling
endocrine signaling
Cells in the pituitary gland produces thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) which stimulates the production of thyroxin which increases the metabolism. This is an example of
autocrine signaling
juxtacrine signaling
paracrine signaling
endocrine signaling
According to the diagram above, an increase in TSH level will result in
increased production of TRH only
increased production of TSH only
increased level of thyroxin only
increased level of thyroxin and TSH
Which of the following is INCORRECT regarding Type I diabetes?
The beta cells of pancreas produces little to no insulin.
The beta cells produces insulin but the cells do not respond to insulin binding to cell surface receptors.
Type I diabetics must eat frequent small meals to maintain the blood glucose level.
Type I diabetics experience an increased thirst and frequent urination due to
Which of the following is INCORRECT regarding protein production in the endomembrane system?
Rough ER synthesize the protein chain.
Golgi packages the protein for export.
Vesicles transport the protein to the destination.
Lysosomes modify the protein for specific functions.
Which of the following is correct regarding digestion in cow's rumen?
bacteria break down cellulose in plant materials
protozoa keeps bacteria population in check
fungi break down lignin in cellulose for full digestion
archaea breaks down the toxic methane gas
all of the above are correct
Which of the following describes a microorganism that can cause disease?
antibody
antigen
pathogen
macrophage
Which of the following is NOT the body's first line of defense?
skin
B cells and T cells
mucus
macrophage
Which of the following best the function of helper T cells?
produce antibodies to mark infected cells
initiates an inflammatory response
produces memory B cells to prepare for future invasion
activates cytotoxic T cells to attack pathogens
Compared to the primary immune response, the secondary immune response is
stronger
faster
more efficient
all of the above
The antigen receptor on B cells and T cells are highly variable despite the limited number of genes that encode these receptors. This can be best explained by
DNA mutations
integration of viral genes into human genome
gene shuffling during gamete production
alternative splicing
A group of RNA virus which uses a reverse transcriptase enzyme to insert viral gene into host genome is called
adenovirus
bacteriophage
retrovirus
rhinovirus
Some individuals are immune to HIV infection due to a mutation on CCR5 receptor proteins on T helper cells. This implies that
HIV cannot recognize and destroy T helper cells
T helper cells inactivate the reverse transcriptase.
T helper cells produces more antibodies to mark HIV-infected cells for destruction.
T cells will become inactivated due to mutation, resulting in reduced immune response.
In response to human's use of antibiotics, more and more bacteria are becoming resistant to many types of antibiotics. This is an example of
genetic drift
convergent evolution
adaptive radiation
coevolution
In response to an invasion of pathogen, plants set of a violent response to kill and isolate the infection. This form of nonspecific immune response is called
innate immunity
adaptive immunity
hypersensitive response
inflammation
