the time delay between the moment the first byte or packet of a communication starts and when it is received at its destination.

The speed at which data is transmitted serially is measured in bits per second.

the amount of data that can be transmitted in a fixed amount of time.

The rate at which the signal changes

The speed at which data is transmitted serially is measured in bits per second.

the time delay between the moment the first byte or packet of a communication starts and when it is received at its destination.

the amount of data that can be transmitted in a fixed amount of time.

The rate at which the signal changes

The speed at which data is transmitted serially is measured in bits per second.

it is the time delay between the moment the first byte or packet of a communication starts and when it is received at its destination.

The rate at which the signal changes

the amount of data that can be transmitted in a fixed amount of time

bits are sent via an interface one bit at a time over a single wire from the source to the destination.

data is transferred at regular intervals that are timed by a clocking signal, allowing for a constant and reliable transmission

used inside the computer and for very short distances of up to a few metres

One character at a time is sent, with each character being preceded by a start bit and followed by a stop bit.

bits are sent via an interface one bit at a time over a single wire from the source to the destination.

One character at a time is sent, with each character being preceded by a start bit and followed by a stop bit

data is transferred at regular intervals that are timed by a clocking signal

used for very short distances of up to a few metres. Bits are sent across multiple different wires which can cause skew.

It is a network that is suitable for small companies and it isn’t very secure. It is very cheap to set up and maintain.

It is suitable for many different types of organisations and it is very secure thanks to he central server. However, it is very expensive.

data is sent as one long stream or block of data, with no gaps in the transmissions.

the time delay between the moment the first byte or packet of a communication starts and when it is received at its destination.

it is a cheap and effective form of serial transmission.

The server is a powerful computer which provides services or resources required by the client. It is suitable for different types of organisations and it is very secure . However, it is very expensive.

It is suitable for small companies and it isn’t very secure. It is very cheap to set up and maintain.

data is transferred at regular intervals that are timed by a clocking signal, allowing for a constant and reliable transmission for time-sensitive data.

Instructions and data are stored in a common main memory and transferred using a single shared bus,

Separates the data and instructions into separate memories using different buses.

Separates the data and instructions into separate memories using different buses.

Instructions and data are stored in a common main memory and transferred using a single shared bus,

holds information about the current state of operations.

holds the memory address of the next instruction to be executed

Holds the address in memory where the processor is required to fetch or store data

holds the current instruction

holds information about the battery life

holds information about the current state of operations.

Holds the address in memory where the processor is required to fetch or store data

temporarily holds data moving between the processor and main memory

holds the current instruction

temporarily holds data moving between the processor and main memory

holds information about the current state of operations.

Holds the address in memory where the processor is required to fetch or store data

Holds the address in memory where the processor is required to fetch or store data

holds information about the current state of operations.

holds the memory address of the next instruction to be executed

temporarily holds data moving between the processor and main memory

Holds the address in memory where the processor is required to fetch or store data

holds information about the current state of operations.

temporarily holds data moving between the processor and main memory

holds the memory address of the next instruction to be executed

Results from the ALU are stored.

The part of the processor that coordinates the activity of all other components.

A series of regular ON/OFF signals that are used to synchronise the operations of the processor components.

The problem solving part of the processor.

The part of the processor that coordinates the activity of all other components.

A series of regular ON/OFF signals that are used to synchronise the operations of the processor.

Results from the ALU are stored

The problem solving part of the processor.

non-volatile and refers to things like HDDs or SDDs

volatile and refers to RAM

The type of bus it is

number of wires it contains

When the bus grant was sent

How many bits are going through the bus

Reduces the size of the data by compressing it.

allows the you to automate and schedule when the back up happens.

a database pointing to resources needed to run software.

it re-orders the sectors of a magnetic hard drive

allocates memory to each process.

Responsible for ensuring that processor time is used as efficiently as possible.

it re-orders the sectors of a magnetic hard drive

allows the you to automate and schedule when the back up happens.

a database pointing to resources needed to run software.

Reduces the size of the data by compressing it.

it re-orders the sectors of a magnetic hard drive

Responsible for ensuring that processor time is used efficiently

The instructions the code can perform in the operand

The instructions the code can perform in the CPU

The instructions the code can perform in the RAM

The instructions the code can perform in the bus

Communicates with IO devices

translates high-level Instructions into an intermediate form

The memory location of the opcode

The memory location of the bytecode

Translates programs into machine code

translates high-level Instructions line by line into an intermediate form, which it then executes.

Responsible for ensuring that processor time is used as efficiently as possible.

a program that translates a high-level language into object code.

translates high-level Instructions line by line into an intermediate form, which it executes.

Communicates with IO devices

A PC allows many processes to run at the same time.

a program that translates a high-level language such as visual-basic into object code.

any value that can be expressed as a ratio, or fraction

defines the position of a number

any numbers that can’t be expressed as a fraction

a whole number

8

2

16

7

When an error is detected, the data cannot be corrected and it will need to be resent.

A sum of bytes is calculated. The receiver recalculates the sum based on data received and compares it with the checksum.

A check digit is an additional digit at the end of a string of other numbers designed to check for mistakes.

Each bit is sent three times and if a bit value is flipped erroneously, the recipient uses a majority rile and assumes the bits have not changed

bits are sent 3 times and if a bit value is flipped erroneously, the recipient computer uses a majority rile and assumes the bits haven't changed.

A sum of bytes is calculated. it is sent with data and the receiving computer calculates it and compares with the checksum received.

When an error is detected, the data cannot be corrected and it will need to be resent.

A check digit is an additional digit at the end of a string designed to check for mistakes

Each bit is sent 3 times and if a bit value is flipped erroneously, the recipient uses a majority rile and assumes the two bits have not changed.

A sum of bytes in a transmission is calculated. The receiver recalculates the sum based on data received and compares it with the checksum.

When an error is detected, the data cannot be corrected and it will need to be resent.

A check digit is an additional digit at the end of a string of other numbers designed to check for mistakes

the greater the accuracy

the greater the file size

The smaller the file size

The sound quality gets worse

letters are changed by a certain shift.

It uses the one time pad. Encryption and decryption is performed bit by bit using an XOR operation with the shared key.

Tractable problems

Linear functions

Quadratic functions

Logarithmic functions

O(log n)

O(n²⁾)

O(n)

O(2ⁿ)

O(n)

O(n²)

O(2ⁿ).

O(log n)

Problems such as face recognition may once have seemed non-computable, but now are routine.

A problem is defined as being computable.

the problem of determining whether a program will finish running or continue forever.

A problem that has a polynomial– time solution.

Gives a list of routes and finds the shortest route that can be travelled.

Problems such as face recognition may once have seemed non-computable, but now are routine

All routes are tested with this method and it isn’t efficient if a lot of routes are tested.

This is the problem of determining for given output

connects networks together. It reads the IP address of each packet

It is a code that identifies a computer network, particular computer or device connected to the TCP/IP

Needed to ensure the domain name is only used once.

It hold worldwide web databases of all domain names. It allocates IP addresses

connects networks together. It reads the IP address of each packet

Needed to ensure the domain name is only used once.

A device that acts as a go-between two or more networks.

It hold worldwide web databases of all domain names. It allocates IP addresses

uses the same key to encrypt and decrypt.

Uses separate but related keys.

uses the same key to encrypt and decrypt.

Uses separate but related keys.

it examines the payload of a packet before allowing access.

the packets are sent one after the other along a pre-established route.

Packets of data are inspected by the firewall

Packets are sent different routes to get to the computer.

Packets are sent different routes to get to its destination.

The packets are sent one after the other along a pre-established route.

it examines the payload of a packet before allowing access.

Packets of data are inspected by the firewall. The port must be opened for the duration of the connection

Packets of data are inspected by the firewall to check which port they are trying to access.

packets are sent one after the other along a pre-established route

it examines the payload of a packet before allowing access

Packets are sent different routes to get to the destination computer.

it examines the payload of a packet before allowing access and remembers actions for future decisions.

Packets of data are inspected by the firewall to check which port they are trying to access.

packets are sent one after the other along a pre-established route.

Packets are sent different routes to get to the destination computer.

There are no repeating groups, all the key attributes are defined, all attributes are dependent on the primary key

IT is a form that is normal

It includes no transitive dependencies

It includes no partial dependencies

It’s already in second normal form, It includes no transitive dependencies

There are repeating groups, all the key attributes are defined, all attributes are dependent on the primary key

It includes no partial dependencies

There are no repeating groups, all the key attributes are defined, all attributes are dependent on the primary key

There are no repeating groups, all the key attributes are not defined, all attributes are dependent on the primary key

It includes no partial dependencies

There are no repeating groups, all the key attributes are defined, all attributes are dependent on the primary key

It includes no transitive dependencies

A link or association between entities.

a thing of interest to an organisation about which data is to be held.

This describes how the data elements are grouped.

A property or characteristic of an entity

A property or characteristic of an entity

a thing of interest to an organisation about which data is to be held.

A link or association between entities.

This describes how the data elements are grouped.

A property or characteristic of an entity

A link or association between entities.

This describes how the data elements are grouped.

A property or characteristic of an entity

a thing of interest to an organisation about which data is to be held.

This describes how the data elements are grouped.

A property or characteristic of an entity

A link or association between entities.

An address for a website

a unique number that identifies the actual device that is connected to the internet or network.

The address where protocols are located

Identifies a unique computer connected to a TCP/IP

a unique number that identifies the actual device that is connected to the internet or network.

Identifies a network or a particular computer connected to TCP/IP

The address of the nearest Mac shop

The location of internet information

4

7

3

8

25

25000

250

2500

2

4

3

1

45

36

49

46

8

2

3

1

as the file size is compressed, the quality remains the same - it does not get worse.

it permanently removes data

all nodes in the network are connected directly to a central cable that runs up and down the network

all nodes indirectly connect to each other through one or more switches

each node connects to exactly two other nodes, forming a single continuous pathway for signals through each node

all nodes in the network are connected directly to a central cable that runs up and down the network

each node connects to exactly two other nodes, forming a single continuous pathway for signals through each node

all nodes indirectly connect to each other through one or more switches

each node connects to exactly two other nodes, forming a single continuous pathway for signals through each node

all nodes in the network are connected directly to a central cable that runs up and down the network

ll nodes indirectly connect to each other through one or more switches

applications and protocols operate at this layer.

this adds the sender’s and recipient’s IP addresses to the packet, and packages the data to make it ready for transmission.

the network interface card/controller (NIC) and operating system drivers are at this layer.

this breaks down the message into packets. Each packet is given a packet number and the total number of packets.

this adds the sender’s and recipient’s IP addresses to the packet, and packages the data to make it ready for transmission.

the network interface card/controller (NIC) and operating system drivers are at this layer.

applications and protocols operate at this layer.

this breaks down the message into packets. Each packet is given a packet number and the total number of packets.

applications and protocols operate at this layer.

this adds the sender’s and recipient’s IP addresses to the packet, and packages the data so it is ready for transmission. it routes the packets across the network.

the network interface card/controller (NIC) and operating system drivers are at this layer.

applications such as web browsers and email programs operate at this layer.

the network interface card/controller (NIC) and operating system drivers are at this layer.

this breaks down the message into packets. Each packet is given a packet number and the total number of packets. This layer sets up the communication between hosts

this adds the sender’s and recipient’s IP addresses to the packet, and packages the data so it is set for transmission. it routes the packets across the network.

applications and protocols operate at this layer.

4

3/5

-6

7.9

76

√2

6.8

2/6