Communist dictator of Cuba who came into power in 1959.

ANC leader imprisoned by Afrikaner regime; released in 1990 and elected as president of South Africa in 1994.

Communist Party leader who seen as responsible for Chinese economic reforms after the death of Mao Zedong in 1976.

Leader of the Communist Party in China that overthrew Jiang Jieshi and the Nationalists. Established China as the People's Republic of China and ruled from 1949 until 1976.

The first great leader of the Kuomintang. In 1912, he overthrew the Qing Dyansty. He became president of China and tried to make it a democracy. While communist party was formed, he and his party formed a government in south China

socialist who wrote the Communist Manifesto with Karl Marx in 1848 (1820-1895)

Chancellor of Prussia from 1862 until 1871, when he became chancellor of Germany. A conservative nationalist, he led Prussia to victory against Austria (1866) and France (1870) and was responsible for the creation of the German Empire

Fascist dictator of Italy (1922-1943). He led Italy to conquer Ethiopia (1935), joined Germany in the Axis pact (1936), and allied Italy with Germany in World War II. He was overthrown in 1943 when the Allies invaded Italy.

Russian Czar during WWI; unpopular with Russian people; overthrown in March 1917; executed by Bolsheviks after November Revolution (1917)