Leader of nonviolent protests for freedom on the Gold Coast. When independence was gained, he became the first prime minister of Ghana. He developed economic projects, but was criticized for spending too much time on Pan-African efforts, and neglecting his own countries' issues

(1925-1998) Leader of Cambodia from 1975 to 1979. Pol Pot is responsible for the deaths of almost 2 million of his own people due to starvation, execution, and beatings.

Leader of the Haitian Revolution. He freed the slaves and gained effective independence for Haiti despite military interventions by the British and French.

The last South African President of the apartheid era. Known for engineering the end of apartheid

Enlightenment thinker who is known for the political ideas of separation of powers and checks & balances

leader of the Committee of Public Safety; chief architect of the Reign of Terror

President of Iraq from 1979 to 2003. Waged war on Iran in 1980-1988. In 1990 he ordered an invasion of Kuwait but was defeated by United States and its allies in the Gulf War (1991). Defeated by US led invasion in 2003.

English economist who theorized that population would outpace the available food supply resulting war, disease, famine, and death.

Founder of the Bolsheviks; leader of the Russian Revolution; Promised "Peace, Land, & Bread;" first head of the USSR; His New Economic Policy (NEP) encouraged agricultural and industrial growth.