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WorksheetsUrinary System
Total questions: 45
Worksheet time: 34mins
Which of the following is not a process in urine formation?
Filtration
Reabsorption
Secretion
Excretion
Which statement is false regarding the function of ADH in regulating urine volume and concentration?
Under the influence of ADH, the kidney conserves water and sodium.
If blood sodium concentration increases or blood pressure falls, the hypothalamus sends nerve signals to the posterior pituitary telling it to release ADH.
ADH targets distal convoluted tubules and collecting ducts in the kidney to make them more permeable so more water is reabsorbed.
ADH only has an effect on water reabsorption, not sodium reabsorption.
What is the maximum volume the bladder can hold?
700 to 800 mL
500 to 600 mL
1,000 mL
500 mL
What is often the site of infection in the urinary bladder?
Trigone
Internal urethral sphincter
Detrusor muscle
None of these are correct.
All of the following are ways ANH increases urine output except which one?
ANH dilates the afferent arterioles, while constricting the efferent arterioles in the kidney.
ANH inhibits the production of renin by the juxtaglomerular apparatus.
ANH inhibits sodium filtration in the nephron directly.
ANH inhibits the secretion of ADH from the posterior pituitary.
All structures( including the renal artery and vein) entering or leaving the kidney do so at what structure?
Renal pelvis
Renal cortex
Renal medulla
Renal hilum
Which of the following combining forms refers to the tubes leading from the kidneys to the bladder?
ren/o
ureter/o
urethr/o
ur/o
What is the primary organ for the excretory system?
Skin
Lungs
Kidney
Liver
What is the distribution of water in the major fluid compartments of the body?
35% intracellular, 65% extracellular
50% intracellular, 50% extracellular
30% intracellular, 70% extracellular
65% intracellular, 35% extracellular
Which excretory system disorder is an inflammation of the filtration membrane in the glomerulus of the nephron?
Pyelonephritis
Glomerular nephritis
Pyelitis
Cystitis
How does alcohol act as a diuretic?
By inhibiting the secretion of ADH
By increasing blood flow to the kidney
By inhibiting active transport of sodium
None of these are correct.
Which of the following delivers blood to the glomerulus?
Glomerular capsule
Afferent arteriole
Efferent arteriole
Nephron loop
How does the skin function as a part of the excretory system?
By removing bilirubin
By removing carbon dioxide
By removing salts, lactic acid, and urea
By removing nitrogenous wastes
Which of the following allows blood to exit the renal corpuscle?
Glomerular capsule
Afferent arteriole
Efferent arteriole
Nephron loop
Which nitrogenous waste removed by the kidney is produced by the breakdown of amino acids?
Ammonia
Urea
Uric acid
Creatinine
What structure regulates aldosterone secretion?
Glomerulus
Juxtaglomerular apparatus
Nephron loop
None of these are correct.
Hyperventilation may cause which of the following?
Respiratory acidosis
Respiratory alkalosis
Metabolic acidosis
Metabolic alkalosis
All of the following are functions of the kidney except which one?
Excretion of wastes in urine
Regulation of blood volume and pressure
Produce erythropoietin to stimulate red blood cell production
All the answers are correct.
Which nitrogenous waste is very toxic and must be converted to a less toxic waste by the liver?
Ammonia
Urea
Uric acid
Creatinine
Which muscle is under voluntary control?
External urethral sphincter
Internal urethral sphincter
Detrusor muscle
None of these are correct.
Given these structures:
- Bowman's capsule
- collecting duct
- distal tubule
- loop of Henle
- proximal tubule
Choose the arrangement that lists the structures in order as filtrate leaves the glomerulus and travels to the renal calyx
1,5,4,3,2
4,1,2,3,5
1,3,4,5,2
2,5,3,4,1
The greatest volume of water is reabsorbed by the
proximal tubule
loop of Henle
distal tubule
collecting duct
Increased aldosterone causes
decreased reabsorption of sodium
decreased secretion of potassium
decreased reabsorption of chloride
increased permeability of the distal tubule to water
decreased volume of urine
An increase in blood carbon dioxide levels is followed by a (an)___ in hydrogen ions, and a (an)___ in blood pH
decrease, decrease
decrease, increase
increase, decrease
increase, increase
How do diuretic drugs act to increase urine volume?
By inhibiting the secretion of ADH
By increasing blood flow to the kidney
By inhibiting active transport of sodium
None of these are correct.
What structure empties into the renal pelvis?
Renal pyramid
Major calyx
Minor calyx
Nephron
What is micturition?
The production of urine
The passing of urine
The production and passing of urine
None of these are correct.
Which of the following is the inner layer of the kidney?
Renal capsule
Renal pelvis
Renal cortex
Renal medulla
Which of the following represents the correct sequence of blood flow through the nephron?
Blood enters the kidney through the renal artery - efferent arteriole – glomerulus - afferent arteriole - peritubular capillaries - renal vein - exits the kidney.
Blood enters the kidney through the renal vein - afferent arteriole – glomerulus - efferent arteriole – peritubular capillaries - renal artery - exits the kidney.
Blood enters the kidney through the renal artery - afferent arteriole – glomerulus - efferent arteriole - peritubular capillaries - renal vein - exits the kidney.
Blood enters the kidney through the renal artery - afferent arteriole – peritubular capillaries - efferent arteriole - glomerulus - renal vein - exits the kidney.
What is the tough connective tissue that protects the kidneys?
Renal Cortex
Renal Medulla
Renal Pelvis
Renal Fascia
Where does FILTRATION take place in the nephron?
Glomerulus
Bowman's Capsule
PCT
Collecting Duct
There are several layers of tissue that surround the kidneys. Which type of tissue anchors the kidneys to surrounding structures?
fibrous capsule
renal hilum
renal fascia
perirenal fat
-high pressure in glomerulus forces fluid and small crystals out of the blood and into urine
-high levels of crystals in the blood will cause them to be selectively kicked out of the blood and into urine
