How can we separate an insoluble solid from a liquid?

Which one of the following is the name for separation technique in the picture below

Dyes in water soluble markers may be separated by means of

Sodium chloride can be separated from rock salt by first adding water to the mixture to dissolve the sodium chloride. The separation then takes place in two stages:

The separation technique that involves heating a solution until the liquid changes into a gaseous state, leaving behind a solid is known as

When the solute dissolves into a solvent and disappears it is called a _____________.