hardness is a measure of scale forming __ dissolved in water

boiler water having high alkalinity could develop ___

deposits of calcium and magnesium carbonates on the boiler heating surface cause ___

pitting and channeling of boiler metal in the water are caused by ___

chemicals added to the boiler water change the scale forming salts into a

___ is small water particles and inpurities carried out of the boiler into the steam lines.

surface tension on the water in a steam drum is increased by ___

a direct cause of overheating of the boiler tubes is ___

priming is dangerous and can lead to ___ hammer

scale buildup on the water side of a steam boiler is caused by ___

trace amounts of dissolved oxygen in the boiler water are removed by ____

the required frequency for blowing down a steam boiler is best determined by the ____

a cold lime soda softener works at ___

___ is a filtration process in which the water is pressurized and applied against the surface of a semipermeable membrane

External feedwater treatment conditions the boiler water before it enters the boiler using a ___ softener

an ion exchange softener uses a resin bed to exchange ___ with ions that cause hardness in order to soften raw water

a cold lime soda softener removes hardness by mixing lime soda with the raw water and passing it through a ___

alkalinity in boiler water is normally measured using a ___

one reason to perform a bottom blowdown is to ___

A ___ is generally added to the boiler water to protect the condensate lines from carbonic acid

a disadvantage of a timer controlled blowdown is that it does not ___

a bottom blowdown should be performed at least once every ___

A ___ is a feedwater heater that separates oxygen and other gases from the steam before releasing the gases into the atmosphere

___ is the rapid fluctuation of the water level that occurs when steam bubbles are trapped below a film of impurities on the surface of the boiler water