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Phineas Gage Review

Total questions: 100

Worksheet time: 52mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
How do doctors in 1860 treat Epilepsy?
a)
Useless medicine and nursing instructions
b)
Anticonvulsants 
c)
Band-Aids
d)
Aspirin 
2.
What is the item that went through Phineas's brain and skull?
a)
crowbar
b)
iron bar
c)
tamping iron
d)
tamping bar
3.
What happened to Phineas Gage on Sept. 13, 1848?
a)
He blew up the railroad.
b)
He took a train to Vermont.
c)
He had an accident that injured his brain.
d)
He caused an accident that injured a coworker.
4.
Phineas's wound got infected.
a)
True
b)
False
5.
After his accident, Phineas has trouble _____________________
a)
Eating and walking
b)
Relating to other people
c)
Getting along with horses
d)
Getting dressed
6.
The Localizers believed _______________
a)
the brain acts as a single unit
b)
the brain has "organs" that control individual functions 
c)
the brain is made of cheese
d)
the brain is controlled by humors
7.
The Whole Brainers believed __________________
a)
the brain is made up of "organs"
b)
the brain is controlled by humors
c)
the brain acts as one unit or "cloud"
d)
the brain is made of sandwiches
8.
Where did Phineas die?
a)
his sister's house in San Francisco
b)
his mother's house in Vermont
c)
Chile
d)
at P.T. Barnum's in New York City
9.
What was Phineas's cause of death?
a)
brain freeze
b)
epileptic seizures
c)
hypothermia
d)
infection
10.
Where is Phineas's skull now?
a)
Vermont
b)
Harvard University
c)
New York City
d)
University of Iowa
11.
 Why was it good that Phineas had an open brain injury?
a)
The hole in the skull gave the brain room to swell
b)
All the bleeding helped get rid of the infection
c)
Phineas thought it was cool to have a hole in his head
12.
 Why was it bad that Phineas had an open brain injury?
a)
He continued to lose blood
b)
The swelling could ultimately kill him
c)
His brain was wide open to infection
13.
Phineas gets an infection but the doctors can't do much for him because they don't know about _____________ yet.
a)
cells
b)
antibiotics
c)
microscopes
d)
bacteria
14.
Doctors from what famous university hear about Phineas and want to meet him?
a)
Harvard
b)
Yale
c)
Cornell
d)
Princeton
15.
Phineas wants to go back to work for the railroad. What happens when he returns to work?
a)
He picks up right where he left off
b)
He is nasty, insulting, unreliable and gets fired
c)
He gets promoted to head foreman
16.
Dr. Harlow wants to believe that Phineas made a "full recovery" but what makes him realize Phineas is not "himself"?
a)
Phineas looks different
b)
Phineas can't remember his family
c)
Phineas won't sell his pocketful of pebbles for $1,000
17.
Phineas never leaves home without _______________________.
a)
Dr. Harlow
b)
his tamping iron
c)
a bandage over the hole in his skull
18.
A concussion is a type of
a)
open brain injury
b)
closed brain injury
19.
T or F: In 1848, surgical instruments are not sterilized and most patients die after surgery due to infection.
a)
True
b)
False
20.

This part of the brain controls automatic functions

a)

brain stem

b)

Cerebellum

c)

Cortex

d)

nose

21.

Without your ___________, you could not stand upright.

a)

Cerebellum

b)

Cortex

c)

Brain Stem

d)

Nose

22.
What does Broca's area of the brain do?
a)
It controls the ability to understand math.
b)
It controls the ability to understand speech.
c)
It controls the ability to speak.
d)
It controls the ability to balance.
23.
What does Wernicke's are of the brain do?
a)
It controls the ability to understand speech.
b)
It controls the ability to speak.
c)
It controls the ability to understand math
d)
It controls the ability to balance.
24.

Executive functions control your ability to ________.

a)

Predict

b)

Decide

c)

Interact socially

d)

All of these

25.

The two halves of the brain that meet in the forehead is the ______.

a)

Microorganism

b)

Neurotransmitter

c)

Synapse

d)

Frontal cortex

26.

How do the Damasio's study "modern day Phineases"?

a)

X-rays of the skull

b)

CT and MRI scans of the brain

c)

Daguerreotype photographs

d)

Surgery on the cortex

27.

Where was the damage to Phineas' brain located?

a)

cerebellum

b)

brain stem

c)

occipital lobe

d)

frontal lobe

28.

What is Brainvox?

a)

A brain diagram that scientists study

b)

A medicine for improving brain function

c)

A computer program that makes 3D models of the brain

d)

A hospital where Phineas received treatment

29.

Why was Phineas' closest companion an iron rod?

a)

He traveled too frequently.

b)

He was determined to work with metal.

c)

He loved horses and animals.

d)

He lost the ability to be social.

30.

According to Fleischman, is Phineas lucky or unlucky?

a)

lucky

b)

unlucky

31.
A tamping iron is used for 
a)
putting holes in the ground
b)
used for blasting in underground mines
c)
used for setting ("packing") explosives
32.
T or F: The tamping iron entered just below his left cheekbone, passed behind his left eyeball, and continued on upward through his frontal lobe.
a)
True
b)
False
33.
Immediately after the accident, Phineas could best be described as...
a)
bleeding but alert and conscious
b)
unconscious and in shock
c)
near death
34.
T or F: The tamping iron was lodged in Phineas' head and Dr. Harlow had to carefully remove it so he could clean the wound.
a)
True
b)
False
35.
What is pus as it applies to this section?
a)
dead white blood cells
b)
a sign that your body is fighting an infection
c)
what is gathering above Phineas's eyes
d)
all of the above are correct
36.
T or F: At first, the doctor did not believe Phineas was correct when he described the accident.
a)
True
b)
False
37.
According to the ancient Greeks, health is maintained by a balance of four liquids (blood, phlegm, yellow bile, and black bile).  What is the name of these four liquids?
a)
body fluids
b)
humors
c)
laxatives
d)
purgatives
38.
What is the most likely cause of Phineas's accident? 
a)
He gets distracted by someone or something & no sand is placed in the hole
b)
He wasn't properly trained on blasting procedures 
39.

What was Phineas' job? (choose the 2 that apply)

a)

Phineas was a foreman on a construction site.

b)

Phineas laid rail for new train tracks.

c)

Phineas hauled away rock that had been blasted into pieces small enough to carry.

d)

Phineas used a tamping rod to set explosives to blast rock into small pieces.

40.

What did a tamping iron look like?

a)

The tamping rod looked like a baseball bat.

b)

The tamping iron looked like an iron spear.

c)

The tamping rod looked like a crowbar.

41.

Where did the tamping iron go through Phineas' head?

a)

It entered just behind his right ear, behind his right eyeball and upwards through his frontal lobes.

b)

It entered just under his chin, behind his nasal cavity and upwards through his frontal lobes.

c)

It entered just under his left ear, behind his left eyeball and across through his right ear.

d)

It entered just under his left cheekbone, behind his left eyeball and upwards through his frontal lobes and out the forehead.

42.

How was Phineas before the accident?

a)

Phineas was very rude to his friends and co-workers and can't make decisions for himself.

b)

Phineas was weak and tried to avoid work whenever possible.

c)

Phineas was a hard-working considerate person

43.

How was Phineas after the accident?

a)

Phineas was very rude to his friends and co-workers and can't make decisions for himself.

b)

Phineas was weak and tried to avoid work whenever possible.

c)

Phineas was a hard-working considerate person

44.

What causes the tamping iron to fly up at Phineas?

a)

Someone knocks it out of his hand and into the gunpowder.

b)

Somehow the sand was not placed into the blasting hole.

c)

His assistant was angry and threw it at him.

45.

What does Dr. Williams think about Phineas when he first hears his story?

a)

Dr. Williams has seen injuries like it before and knows exactly what happened.

b)

Dr. Williams doesn't believe him.

c)

Dr. Williams believes him and sees it as a miracle that has occurred.

46.

What is a head injury where the skull is not cracked, so when the brain swells it can be dangerous because it pushes against the skull and cuts off the blood supply to the brain

a)

open brain injury

b)

closed brain injury

c)

sepsis

47.

What is a head injury where the skull is cracked and allows the brain to swell

a)

open brain injury

b)

closed brain injury

c)

sepsis

48.

What is a tamping iron?

a)

a heavy, specialized tool that is heated and used to press wrinkles from fabric

b)

a specialized tool that is heated and used to style a person's hair

c)

a specialized tool for gunpowder blasting in construction work before the invention of dynamite

d)

a specialized tool that is used to muffle loud sounds

49.

What is the main risk of an open brain injury?

a)

the brain is open to infection

b)

when the brain swells t pushes against the skull and cuts off the blood supply to the brain

c)

the part of the brain that is exposed will begin to die

50.

Why is it a good thing for Phineas that he has an open brain injury?

a)

the brain is open to infection

b)

when the brain swells it pushes against the skull and cuts off the blood supply to the brain

c)

the skull is open, allowing doctors to more easily see what his injuries are and treating them

d)

His brain has room to swell because the skull is open.

51.

What deal does Phineas refuse that lets Dr. Harlow know that his personality has changed?

a)

Phineas refuses to trade his tamping iron for $25.

b)

Phineas refuses $100 for 25 acres of land.

c)

Phineas refuses $10 for a team of 4 horses and a wagon.

d)

Phineas refuses $1000 for a handful of pebbles.

52.

What part of the brain controls movement?

a)

brain stem

b)

cerebellum

c)

cerebral cortex

53.

What part of the brain controls breathing and heartbeat?

a)

brain stem

b)

cerebellum

c)

cerebral cortex

54.

This group believes that the brain is a "whole intelligence" and the cortex is driven by a mysterious force.

a)

localizers

b)

whole brainers

55.

cell that is the operating unit of the nervous system; nerve cell

a)

neuron

b)

specimen

c)

bacteria

d)

cortex

56.

personality traits, forms the nature of a person

a)

scoff

b)

pigheaded

c)

character

d)

feeble

57.

below normal body temperature

a)

stroke

b)

anatomy

c)

hypothermia

d)

epileptic seizure

58.

a scientific instrument or tool used to see very tiny items that cannot be seen with the human eye

a)

eyewitness

b)

microscope

c)

bacteria

d)

retroactive

59.

an angry dispute or argument

a)

feeble

b)

quarrel

c)

stroke

d)

antibiotic

60.

free from germs

a)

retroactive

b)

coach

c)

sterile

d)

circulation

61.

a part or whole used as an example

a)

anesthesia

b)

cadaver

c)

anatomy

d)

specimen

62.

structure of plants, animals, or the human body

a)

fracture

b)

immune system

c)

autospy

d)

anatomy

63.

the outer layer of the brain

a)

exhume

b)

cortex

c)

cadaver

d)

porttrait

64.

a horse-drawn carriage

a)

spinning a yarn

b)

scoff

c)

coach

d)

stroke

65.

protects the body from diseases and pathogens

a)

sterile

b)

immune system

c)

bacteria

d)

autopsy

66.

obstinate or stubborn

a)

feeble

b)

scoff

c)

freak show

d)

pigheaded

67.

breaking of a bone

a)

fracture

b)

anesthesia

c)

specimen

d)

character

68.

caused by electrical activity in the brain not working right, can cause jerking movement

a)

epileptic seizure

b)

spinning a yarn

c)

immune system

d)

freak show

69.

telling a tall tale or story that is usually long and made up or exaggerated

a)

scoff

b)

pigheaded

c)

spinning a yarn

d)

quarrel

70.

a one-celled organism that can cause infection or be helpful

a)

bacteria

b)

microscope

c)

eyewitness

d)

circulation

71.

a person who actually sees an event or occurance

a)

cadaver

b)

neuron

c)

exhume

d)

eyewitness

72.

to dig up someone or something

a)

quarrel

b)

neuron

c)

exhume

d)

scoff

73.

to mock or jeer

a)

scoff

b)

sterile

c)

stroke

d)

hypothermia

74.

a medicine to inhibit or stop the growth of bacteria

a)

exhume

b)

autopsy

c)

antibiotic

d)

retroactive

75.

the physical character of the body as to strength or health

a)

character

b)

coach

c)

constitution

d)

circulation

76.

likeness of a person; a drawing, painting, or picture of a person

a)

eyewitness

b)

freak show

c)

feeble

d)

portrait

77.

a dead body

a)

constitution

b)

coach

c)

cadaver

d)

cortex

78.

half of the brain or cerebrum

a)

cortex

b)

stroke

c)

hemisphere

d)

autopsy

79.

medicine that stops pain so a doctor can operate

a)

anatomy

b)

hypothermia

c)

anesthesia

d)

autopsy

80.

a display of people or animals with odd or unusual physical features

a)

spinning a yarn

b)

immune system

c)

freak show

d)

epileptic seizure

81.

having to do with an event in the past; effective from a date in the past

a)

character

b)

feeble

c)

quarrel

d)

retroactive

82.
Two places Phineas probably lived later in life are:
a)
New Orleans and New York City
b)
Chile and San Francisco
c)
San Francisco and Mexico
d)
New York City and Chile
83.
What was Phineas's cause of death?
a)
brain freeze
b)
epileptic seizures
c)
hypothermia
d)
infection
84.

Was it a well-known fact that bacteria causes infection?

a)

Yes

b)

No

85.

in 1848, what was an infection commonly referred to as?

a)

Infectitis

b)

Golgi Compulsatory

c)

Sepsis

86.

Pus is actually . . .

a)

Dead white blood cells

b)

Dead red blood cells

c)

Unwanted water cells

87.

Phineas was a good patient

a)

Yes

b)

No

88.

Phineas makes a full recovery except for his . . .

a)

wound never closes up

b)

mental state changes

c)

heart starts to expand

89.

Why are the text features in the "Phineas Gage" text helpful for the story?

a)

They help the reader in understanding the written text.

b)

They help the reader make connections between text and illustrations.

c)

They activate more knowledge about the workings of Phineas' brain.

d)

All of the above

90.

Which type of text feature puts things into date order?

a)

timeline

b)

table of contents

c)

index

d)

graph

91.

Which type of text feature is NOT used in Phineas Gage?

a)

photographs

b)

table of contents

c)

diagram

d)

index

92.

This is an alphabetical list of important terms found in a nonfiction book.

a)

illustration

b)

glossary

c)

caption

d)

heading

93.

The author chooses to tell the story of Phineas Gage in this tense.

a)

past tense

b)

present tense

c)

future tense

94.

What was remarkable about Phineas' condition just after the accident?

a)

He was able to sit up, walk, and talk.

b)

He was not bleeding at all.

c)

He had no pain.

d)

He couldn't see at all.

95.

What was "lucky" about Phineas' open brain injury?

a)

It allowed room for his brain to swell and expand.

b)

It allowed the bleeding to drain away.

c)

It left his brain open to fresh air.

d)

It left his brain open to germs.

96.

As far as we know, what did Phineas do between the years of 1852 and 1859?

a)

worked on a horse ranch in Montana

b)

herded sheep in Australia

c)

drove a stagecoach in South America

d)

worked on a farm in Iowa plowing the fields

97.

According to Dr. Harlow, Phineas lost what vital skill?

a)

Phineas no longer knew how to solve puzzles.

b)

Phineas no longer knew how to make good trades.

c)

Phineas no longer knew how to recognize family members.

d)

Phineas no longer knew how to be social or “act human.”

98.

Define frontal cortex.

a)

a professional who studies behavior and mental processes.

b)

the two halves of the brain that meet in the forehead.

c)

influencing or applying to things that happened in the past.

d)

the ability to identify with and understand another person's feelings

99.

Which of these is NOT considered to be an “executive function” of the brain that is controlled by the frontal lobe?

a)

the ability to speak

b)

the ability to make predictions

c)

the ability to interact socially

d)

the ability to make decisions

100.

Why is the story of Phineas Gage considered a "textbook case"?

a)

Because they used a textbook to hold his head together.

b)

Because Phineas Gage was writing a textbook before his accident.

c)

Because his type of injury was very common with people in the 1800's.

d)

Because his story is used in medical textbooks to talk about the brain.

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