The central stick, or ___, of a sundial casts a shadow. The position of the shadow is used to tell time of day.

The current north star is ___.

Because it is very near the north celestial pole, stars of the _____ constellations never appear to rise or set. They just appear to revolve around Polaris.

In an eclipse, the darkest part of the shadow cast by the Earth (or the moon!) is the _____.

If the moon is partially in the umbra of the Earth's shadow and partially in the penumbra, then it is a _____ eclipse.

This type of eclipse is only visible to people in a very narrow path cast by the moon's shadow.

Eye protection is a must to safely view a solar eclipse. Even at totality (which lasts only a few minutes) the light is so ____ that it can damage your eyes.

During a _____ tide, the earth, moon, and sun are all in a direct line.

During a _____ tide, the moon, sun and earth form a triangle - with the earth-sun as the base, the earth moon as a side, and the moon-sun as the hypotenuse.

Kp index is an indicator of the level of geomagnetic disturbance from solar storms. To see an aurora here in MI, Kp should be at least _____.

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs), solar flares, and coronal holes all cause an increase in the particle density and ____ of the solar wind.

The most common particles in the solar wind are protons, electrons, and _____.

A planisphere can show you the position of the stars on any given night - or time of night. They cannot show you the position of the ______.

The apparent magnitude of a star is bow bright is looks from Earth. The ___ magnitude is how bright a star would look if it were 32.6 light years away.

DeWolf's Star has an apparent magnitude of 2.5. It's absolute magnitude is 1.2. Is it closer to us than 32.6 light years?

The apparent shift in the position of a nearby star against the more distant background stars (over a 6 month period) is called ____.

The period in the change in brightness of a Cepheid variable star is related to its _____.

As the period of a Cepheid variable increases, it's distance ____.

Can you use parallax to measure the distance to galaxies - or only to the closest stars?

Kepler's 3rd law relates the _____ of a planet (from the sun) to the time it takes to orbit the sun.

Kepler's 3rd law states the period of a planets orbit squared is equal to its distance from the sun (in A.U.) cubed. So, a planet that is one AU from the sun has an orbit period of ___ year(s).

The eccentricity of a planet's orbit is equal to the distance between the foci of the ellipse divided by the length of the semi-major axis. So, if the distance between the foci is equal to 1 AU, and the length of the semi-major axis is 3, the eccentricity is _____.