Conducted experiments with rats and mazes to examine the role that reinforcement plays in the way that rats learn their way through complex mazes; led to idea of cognitive maps and latent learning.

Along with Robert Koelling he studied taste aversion in rats noticing rats would avoid water in radiation chambers due to it making them ill; he also helped with having wolves be fearful of sheep for ranch farmers. Timing of Conditioned Stimulus can be delayed and still have much power.

Russian physiologist known primarily for his work in classical conditioning with dogs and salivation.

an American psychologist who specializes in the involvement of COGNITIVE processes in classical conditioning focusing on animal learning and behavior.

Influential psychologist conducting research on operant conditioning; animals and humans can be trained using positive and negative reinforcement; as well as positive and negative punishment.

famous in psychology for his work on learning theory that lead to the development of operant conditioning within behaviorism; law of effect theory..."reward behavior is likely to occur again."

is an influential social cognitive psychologist who is perhaps best known for his social learning theory, the concept of self-efficacy, and his famous Bobo doll experiments.

American psychologist best known for his groundbreaking study on delayed gratification known as “the marshmallow test.”

His theory of learned helplessness is popular among scientific and clinical psychologists.