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WorksheetsBiology: Fall Final Review K
Total questions: 58
Worksheet time: 29mins
What is a theory?
A fact proved with concrete evidence
A tested, well-supported highly reliable scientific explanation based on observations
A fact based on an unreliable source
A factual explanation that can never be changed or altered
When would a theory need to be changed?
A theory can never be changed
when evidence is observed that is unreliable
When new scientific data becomes available
Which part of the DNA molecule is responsible for the coding of traits in ALL organisms?
Phosphate Molecule
Deoxyribose Sugar
Ribose Sugar
Nitrogen Bases (A-T; C-G)
List the order in which your body uses biomolecules for energy
Carbs, Lipids, Proteins
Proteins, Lipids, Carbohydrates
Lipids, Carbohydrates, Nucleic acids
Nucleic Acids, Carbohydrates, Lipids
If your body has 25 grams of Carbohydrates, how many calories will you burn before you begin to burn lipids?
225 calories
100 calories
50 calories
75 calories
What is the function of carbohydrates in your body?
store energy
store genetic info
quick energy
build and repair
What is the function of proteins in your body?
Repair, build & transport
quick energy
stored energy
store genetic info
Which answer choice has the wrong elements being paired with the biomolecule?
Carbohydrates: CHO
Protein: CHONP
Lipids: CHO
Nucleic Acids: CHONP
Which monomer is paired up incorrectly with its biomolecule?
Carbohydrate: Monosaccharide
Lipid: Fatty Acid and Glycerol
Nucleic Acid: Amino Acid
Protein: Amino Acid
If there are 30 Adenine’s in a DNA molecule made of 100 base pairs, how many Guanine’s are in this same DNA molecule?
20
25
30
35
Which kingdom is not in the Domain Eukaryota?
Protista
Plantae
Eubacteria
Fungi
What are the 7 characteristics of life?
Metabolism, Rescue, Response to Environment, Organized of cells, Universal Genetic Code, Growth/Development, Homeostasis
Metabolism, Resolve issues, Response to Environment, Organized of cells, Universal Genetic Code, Growth/Development, Homeostasis
Metabolism, Reproduction, Response to Environment, Organized of cells, Universal Genetic Code, Job, Homeostasis
Metabolism, Reproduction, Response to Environment, Organized of cells, Universal Genetic Code, Growth/Development, Homeostasis
What is natural selection?
Changes in the environment
Possession of inherited adaptations that maximize fitness.
Differences in the genetic code
What is fitness?
Surviving in an environment
Reproducing in an environment
Having inherited traits that are not favored in the environment anymore.
Combination of physical traits and behaviors (ability) that leads to survival and reproduction (babies)
List the taxons of classification in order from most general to specific
Domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
Domain, kingdom, phylum, order, class, family, genus, species
Kingdom, domain, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
Domain, kingdom, order, phylum, class, family, genus, species
Describe the Endosymbiotic Theory.
Eukaryotes evolved from the symbiosis of several cells. Ribosome and chloroplasts may be descended from small aerobic and photosynthetic prokaryotes.
Eukaryotes evolved from the symbiosis of several cells. Mitochondria and Ribosome may be descended from small aerobic and photosynthetic prokaryotes.
Eukaryotes evolved from the symbiosis of several cells. Mitochondria and chloroplasts may be descended from small aerobic and photosynthetic prokaryotes.
Eukaryotes evolved from the symbiosis of several cells. Mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum may be descended from small aerobic and photosynthetic prokaryotes.
What is an adaptation?
Inherited characteristic that makes more fit for the environment
Inherited characteristic that is always beneficial to every environment
Inherited characteristic that makes less fit
Name 2 sources of genetic variation
Mutations & Somatic cells to offspring
Mutations & Binary Fission
Binary Fission & Gene Shuffling
Gene shuffling (egg/sperm) and mutations
What is reproductive isolation?
When multiple species breed to increase variation
When 2 species cannot interbreed
When mountains, rivers or barriers help 2 species breed
When 2 organisms mate during the same season
What is a vestigial structure?
An organ that is crucial for an organism to stay alive and mate
An organ with no use (function)
An organ that is failing in the human body due to a mutation
An organ that is only seen in humans
What biomolecule is inside the capsid of a virus?
Protein
Nucleic Acid
Carbohydrate
Lipid
The scientific name of an organism consists of which two taxon?
Domain & Kingdom
Kingdom & Species
Species & Order
Genus & Species
Prokaryotic, asexual reproduction is called ......
Cell Cycle
Meiosis
Cytokinesis
Binary Fission
Eukaryotic, asexual reproduction is called .....
Meiosis
Cell Cycle
Cytokinesis
Crossing over
Describe cell specialization
Cells become efficient in one particular function and depend on other cells with different functions for the necessities of life
Cells become less efficient in one particular function and depend on other cells with the same functions for the necessities of life
Cells change their DNA in one nuclei and depend on other cells with different functions for the rest of the DNA
What are the 3 phases of Interphase in order
S, G1, G2
G2, G1, S
G1, S, G2
G1, G2, S
Which phase in Mitosis does chromatin condensing into chromosomes?
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Which phase in Mitosis does chromosomes line up in the middle?
Anaphase
Telophase
Metaphase
Prophase
Which phase in Mitosis does chromosomes get pulled apart?
Telophase
Cytokinesis
Prophase
Anaphase
Which phase in NOT in Mitosis
Metaphase
Cytokinesis
Prophase
Telophase
In which phase of Interphase does the DNA replicate?
G1
S
G2
Cytokinesis
What is the role of spindle fibers in the cell cycle?
Assist with DNA replication
Pull apart sister chromatids
Break the cell into two cells
Help form the cell plate
What is the end result of DNA replication?
A copy of DNA is made: One new strand & one original strand
A copy of RNA is made: One new strand & one original strand
A copy of DNA is made: Both are original strands
A copy of DNA is made: Both are new strands
What is binary fission?
Replicates DNA and becomes a diploid cell
Where DNA makes a copy of itself and it mutates
When DNA replicates and the cell divides in half
When the cell divides and then replicates its DNA
What are sister chromatids held together by?
Prophase
Vacuoles
Centrioles
Centromere
What is the DNA complementary strand of GATCCA that would be created during DNA replication?
CTAGGU
CUAGGU
CTTGGT
CTAGGT
When DNA replicates, where does the DNA molecule separate?
Between the bases after the hydrogen bond breaks
Between the sugars after the hydrogen bond breaks
Between the phosphates after the hydrogen bond breaks
Between the RNA molecules
If a somatic cell contains 20 chromosomes, how many chromosomes are in nuclei of each daughter after Cell cycle/ mitosis?
10
40
20
80
If a somatic cell contains 20 chromosomes, how many chromosomes are in nuclei of each cell after meiosis?
20
40
25
10
When does crossing over occur?
prophase I
prophase II
metaphase
telophase
What does a punnett square show?
The genotypes that each of the four offspring will all have no matter what
Number of offspring produced
All the alleles that contribute to a population
Genes any offspring can inherit (probability)
Which genotype is an example of an individual that is heterozygous?
AA
aa
Aa
OO
Which genotype is an example of an individual that is homozygous dominant?
Aa
aa
AA
BA
What are the building blocks (monomers) of proteins?
monosaccharides
amino acids
nucleotides
fatty acid + glycerol
Which process in protein synthesis is described as a gene’s DNA sequence is copied into a mRNA sequence in the nucleus?
translation
transcription
replication
binary fission
Which process in protein synthesis is described as mRNA binding to the ribosome, tRNA molecules match the correct anticodon to the mRNA strand and bring the appropriate amino acid with it. The amino acids are bonded together until a stop codon is reached. The protein is released.
translation
transcription
replication
binary fission
What is a codon?
3 nitrogenous bases of tRNA
3 nitrogenous bases of rRNA
3 nitrogenous bases of mRNA
3 nitrogenous bases of DNA
What is a anticodon?
3 nitrogenous bases of tRNA
3 nitrogenous bases of rRNA
3 nitrogenous bases of mRNA
3 nitrogenous bases of DNA
What type of cell, somatic or gametes, passes on mutations to their offspring?
somatic
gamete
Who will be affected by a liver cancer cell mutation? (Individual OR the offspring)?
individual
offspring
DNA: AATCCGATTAAA
What is the mRNA that would pair up with this DNA strand?
UUAAGGCAAUUU
UUAGGGCUAUUU
UUUAGGCAAUUU
UUAGGCUAAUUU
What mutation occured to the original DNA strand?
DNA: AATCCGATTAAA
Mutated DNA: AAATCCGATTAAA
substitution
insertion
deletion
translocation
Fill in the blanks (in order) that lead to the expression of a trait (How are genes expressed?)
DNA- ____________- Amino Acids- ______________- Trait
Protein-RNA
Replication-protein
Protein-monosaccharide
RNA-Protein
If you have 10 amino acids, how many codons were needed?
5
20
30
10
Which of the following mutation is NOT a point mutation
translocation
insertion
deletion
substitution
Which portion of the mRNA strand is cut out and discarded? (NOT part of the final mRNA strand)
intron
exon
What is the name of the diagram that maps out all of an individual's chromosomes in order from 1-23?
pedigree
karyotype
Which mutation is NOT a chromosomal mutation?
inversion
translocation
duplication
substitution
