WorksheetsAP Biology Midterm Review Ch 37+
Total questions: 14
Worksheet time: 7mins
In a simple synapse, neurotransmitter chemicals are released by
cell bodies.
axon hillocks.
the dendritic membrane.
the presynaptic membrane.
The operation of the sodium-potassium "pump" moves
sodium and potassium ions into the cell.
sodium and potassium ions out of the cell.
sodium ions into the cell and potassium ions out of the cell.
sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell.
Action potentials in the heart move from one contractile cell to the next via
myelinated motor neurons.
chemical synapses using acetylcholine.
electrical synapses using gap junctions.
chemical synapses using norepinephrine.
ATP hydrolysis directly powers the movement of
Ca++ into cells.
Na+ into cells.
Na+ out of cells.
K+ out of cells.
Action potentials move along axons
by activating the sodium-potassium "pump" at each point along the axonal membrane.
more slowly in axons of large diameter as compared to those of small diameter.
by the direct action of acetylcholine on the axonal membrane.
more rapidly in myelinated than in nonmyelinated axons.
A toxin that binds specifically to voltage-gated sodium channels in axons would be expected to
have most of its effects on the dendritic region of a neuron.
increase the release of neurotransmitter molecules.
prevent the depolarization phase of the action potential.
prevent the hyperpolarization phase of the action potential.
Which of the following is a direct result of depolarizing the presynaptic membrane of an axon terminal?
The postsynaptic cell produces an action potential.
Ligand-gated channels open, allowing neurotransmitters to enter the synaptic cleft.
Voltage-gated calcium channels in the membrane open.
Synaptic vesicles fuse with the membrane.
In a simple synapse, neurotransmitter chemicals are received by
axon hillocks.
cell bodies.
the dendritic membrane.
the presynaptic membrane.
Neurotransmitters are released from axon terminals via
diffusion.
exocytosis.
transcytosis.
active transport.
You are working on a team that is designing a new drug. In order for this drug to work, it must enter the cytoplasm of specific target cells. Which of the following would be a factor that determines whether the molecule selectively enters the target cells?
blood or tissue type of the patient
lack of charge on the drug molecule
hydrophobicity of the drug molecule
similarity of the drug molecule to other molecules transported by the target cells
Allolactose, an isomer of lactose, is formed in small amounts from lactose. An E. coli cell is presented for the first time with the sugar lactose (containing allolactose) as a potential food source. Which of the following occurs when the lactose enters the cell?
Allolactose binds to the regulator gene.
Allolactose binds to the repressor protein.
The repressor protein attaches to the regulator.
The repressor protein and allolactose bind to RNA polymerase.
Besides turning enzymes on or off, what other means does a cell use to control enzymatic activity?
exporting enzymes out of the cell
cessation of cellular protein synthesis
connecting enzymes into large aggregates
localization of enzymes into specific organelles or membranes
In receptor-mediated endocytosis, receptor molecules initially project to the outside of the cell. Where do they end up after endocytosis?
on the outside of vesicles
on the inside surface of the vesicle
on the outer surface of the nucleus
on the inside surface of the cell membrane
Which of the following is characterized by a cell releasing a signal molecule into the environment, followed by a number of cells in the immediate vicinity responding?
hormonal signaling
paracrine signaling
autocrine signaling
endocrine signaling
