a flowering plant that produces seeds within a fruit

type of plant that has vascular tissues, such as a seed plant or flowering plant

group of seed plants that bear their seeds directly on the scales of cones

group of plants that have specialized reproductive organs but lack vascular tissue; includes mosses and their relatives

process of reproduction involving a single parent that results in offspring that are genetically identical to the parent

a reproductive process that involves two parents that combine their genetic material to produce a new organism, which differs from both parents

process in sexual reproduction in which male and female reproductive cells join to form a new cell

a mature haploid male or female germ cell that is able to unite with another of the opposite sex in sexual reproduction to form a zygote.

the process whereby seeds or spores sprout and begin to grow

transfer of pollen from the male reproductive structure to the female reproductive structure

the process of producing offspring

a reproductive cell with a hard, protective coating

the reproductive structure of a gymnosperm.

the reproductive structure of an angiosperm

the main organ of photosynthesis and transpiration in higher plants

a cone-bearing tree

response of a plant to the force of gravity

a plant's growth response to water

growth of a plant shoot toward or away from light.

a directional growth of a plant in response to touch.