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WorksheetsPentathlon Social Studies Quiz Pgs. 48-67
Total questions: 54
Worksheet time: 31mins
What did the fall of Constantinople cause?
the exploration called the Columbian Exchange
a revival of Ancient Egyptian Art and philosophy in Europe
an influence to Eastern medicine in the Scientific Revolution
all of the above
none of the above
What was the effect of the invention of Gutenberg's movable type on the population as a whole?
It expanded people's access to knowledge
more people could practice medicine
more people had access to books
all of the above
none of the above
According to historians, inventors and scientists like Gutenberg, Copernicus, Vesalius, and Harvey were considered________________________.
products of their time
singular geniuses
ambitious social climbers
legendary accomplishments
__________and _____________laid the foundations for scientific medicine because they broke with the past and introduced Galenic anatomy and the idea that blood circulates.
Vesalius and Galen
Galen and Harvey
Harvey and Vesalius
none of the above
What did both Paracelsus and Nicholas Culpepper want in regards to medicine?
They wanted medicine to be more practical and available to everyone
They wanted more empirical evidence when learning about disease and their causes
They wanted to follow more closely the Christian ethics towards charity and help for the poor
all of the above
_________was interested in mineral-based therapies to heal the sick.
Culpeper
Paracelsus
Galen
Gutenberg
________published the English College of Physician's exclusive list of herbs.
Harvey
Vesalius
Paracelsus
Culpeper
What was the Columbian Exchange?
the exchange of goods, people, and laws between Europe and America during the days of Christopher Columbus
the exchange of ideas, politics, and philosophies between Europe and America during the days of Christopher Columbus
the exchange between plants, animals and diseases between Europe and America during the days of Christopher Columbus
the exchange of culture, disease, and healing rituals between Europe and America during the days of Christopher Columbus
Why did a historian call the Columbian Exchange, "one of the most cataclysmic events ever for human health"?
It killed vast amounts of indigenous people by introducing diseases like smallpox and influenza
It killed vast amounts of indigenous people by introducing diseases like dysentery and typhoid
It killed vast amounts of European people by introducing diseases like smallpox and influenza
It killed vast amounts of European people by introducing diseases like dysentery and typhoid
How did the North American Indians and the Europeans help each other's medical knowledge?
they shared common knowledge about animal anatomy and their uses
they shared the types of animals and plant foods that were safe to eat
they exchanged rituals to heal illnesses
they exchanged plant-based medicines for illnesses
All of the following are true about the introduction of small pox in the New World EXCEPT
70-75% of native people died after Europeans arrived in the New World.
Some Europeans deliberately tried to spread the disease by giving out "smallpox blankets" that were infected
Some Europeans risked their lives to care for their sick Indian neighbors
people based in Europe and far away from the frontier tended to care less about what was happening to the Indians
In 1665 __________ killed one-fifth of London and half of the urban population in Italy from 1656-1657 and later in France from 1720-1721
Small Pox
Cholera
The Great Plague
Dysentery
Why did the plague suddenly disappear from Europe in the late 1700s?
mandatory inoculations and vaccines were given to the public
people started to build natural immunities to the disease
cities were cleaner and quarantine laws were put into place
vaccinations were developed and cleaner hospitals
In 1570,the position of _______________was given to____________. This was the first real public health job in Europe developed to take charge of the plague.
head nurse, Lady Mary Montagu
lead physician, Harvey Vesalius
united medical practitioner, Cotton Mather
chief medical officer, Giovanni Ingrassia
Why were some public health measures opposed by the public in the 1700s and 1800s?
they were often costly and people were unable to afford the new laws Ex: charging people for healthcare
sometimes they prevented people from doing things they wanted to do Ex: unable to get off of a ship due to a quarantine
politicians supported laws that not everyone agreed with
Ex: requiring that everyone tests positive or negative for the plague
none of the above
The technique used to introduce a small amount of a disease through a small cut in order for the body to build immunities to the full blown disease is known as:
a) inoculation
b) vardelaying
c) bloodletting
both a and b
both b and c
Which of the following is true about Lady Mary Montagu?
she was disfigured by small pox
she helped to popularize inoculations in Europe
she had her 5 year old daughter publicly inoculated
all of the above
During the 1700s and 1800s American colonies learned about inoculations from:
Constantinople or "Turkish medicine"
Europe or "European medicine"
Indian or "heathen medicine"
African or "slave medicine"
All of the following is true about Cotton Mather EXCEPT:
he was a Boston clergyman
he opposed using inoculations because it was a "Heathen " technique
he supported inoculations and learned how to do them
some believed the results of his work were a lie because of the controversy on inoculations at the time
What is the difference between an inoculation versus a vaccination?
an inoculation carries a small amount of a disease while the vaccine carries a larger amount
a vaccine carries a small amount of the disease while the inoculation carries a larger amount
an inoculation is a safer technique
a vaccine is a safer technique
All of the following is true about Edward Jenner EXCEPT:
he used folklore to test his ideas about smallpox
he published work on vaccinations in 1796
he inoculated an eight-year old with smallpox to test his theory
he discovered a connection between chickenpox and the human disease smallpox
Vaccination....
comes from the Latin word "vacca" meaning cow
comes form the Latin word "vacca" meaning chicken
comes form the Greek word "vacca" meaning cow
comes from the Greek word "vacca" meaning chicken
Why do some people criticize the work of Edward Jenner and Louis Pasteur?
Both men harmed their patients during their treatments
Both men only offered vaccines to the rich and royalty instead of to everyone
Both men did not use empirical data and were not able to make a cause and effect connection to their vaccines and a cure for the disease
Both men used young people and poor people to test their vaccines
During the 1700s and the 1800s, what were the major differences between a physician and a surgeon?
surgeons were more respected and paid more
physicians were able to set bones, treat wounds, and remove bladder stones while surgeons could not
surgeons were seen as experts who dealt with the inner workings of the body
all of the above
none of the above
Physician comes from....
the Latin word "physis" meaning study of physical being
the Greek word "physis" meaning study of nature
the Latin word "physis" meaning study of macrocosms
The Greek word "physis" meaning knowledge of body
Surgeon comes from....
chirurgia, a Latin and Greek word meaning apprenticed craftsman
surgi, a Greek word meaning to find
Ruturche, a Latin word meaning handmade
vacca, a Latin and Greek word meaning "to do no harm"
During the 1500s in London which guild was considered the "lowest" in regards to their hierarchy and reputation?
The Royal College of Physicians of London
The Guild of Apothecaries
The United Company of Barber-Surgeons of London
The Guild of Midwives
During the 1500s in London which guild was considered the "highest" in regards to their hierarchy and reputation?
The Royal College of Physicians of London
The United Company of Barber-Surgeons of London
The Guild of Apothecaries
The Guild of Midwives
In the British colonies of New England, which University was the first to offer a medical school in 1782?
Stanford University
Yale University
Harvard University
Brown University
The "medical marketplace" in New England was....
a place where medical remedies were produced and sold to anyone
a place where medical advice was given from licensed professionals under controlled circumstances
the idea that people could get medical help from university educated and unlicensed doctors if they wanted
the idea that people could only seek medical advice from licensed individuals
A "quack" or charlatan was.....
a traveling salesman that offered a wide variety of unlicensed services
a person that falsely claimed to have helpful skills or treatments for a patient
a magician that tried to mix religious ceremony and traditional medicine in treatment
none of the above
Caveat emptor means....
buyer beware
do no harm
careful what you wish for
focus on observation
During the 1800s after the French Revolution, Paris hospitals provided a place where new medical treatment could be applied. What was this known as?
"The Death of Magico-Religious Traditions"
"The Age of the Renaissance"
"The Scientific Revolution"
"The Birth of the Clinic"
Empiricism is....
Knowledge based on calculation and formal studies
Knowledge based on research done by licensed and unlicensed professionals
Knowledge based on theory
Knowledge based on experience and observation
none of the above
In the 1800s Humoralists would relieve patients' sufferings by...
focusing on diet, lifestyle, and using chemicals for puking
focusing on environment and chemically enhanced bloodletting
focusing on genetic differences and using mild types of surgery
all of the above
none of the above
Which of the following is true about Benjamin Rush and his "heroic medicine" approach?
His theories helped the Surgeon general of the Continental Army to heal many of the wounded soldiers
His treatments led to unnecessary blood loss treatments and poisoning
His empirical knowledge and experiments led to breakthroughs in humoral medicine
His experiments on young people and the poor led to many ethical debates on how to treat infectious diseases.
During the 1800s in the United States, a little blue pill called____________became popular due to Benjamin Rush. Unfortunately, it contained Mercury and was toxic. :(
obstetrics
calomine
obralique
calomel
What is a midwife?
a woman that finds a wife for a prospective husband
a person trained in a university in obstetrics
A person that assists a woman giving birth
none of the above
A very famous midwife was _____________. She attended nearly 1,000 births during her life. Her diary contained accurate information on how to keep the mother and the baby safe during delivery.
Martha Ballard
Mary Rush
Florence Nightengale
Lady Mary Montagu
During the 1800s physicians made themselves the authority on helping pregnant mothers give birth instead of midwives. What resulted because of this?
live babies were less likely to be born
pregnant mothers were less likely to come out of birthing alive
medical technologies were overused and misused for birth like the prescription of pain medication
women had fewer opportunities to practice medicine
all of the above
What is the branch of medicine that covers childbirth and the care of pregnant women called?
babyology
calistenics
obstetrics
dionetrics
Many physicians in the 1700s tried to keep their medical knowledge secret to make money and gain fame and authority. ________________was known for sharing his medical knowledge by writing a book called_______________to help people that were not physicians on how to take care of themselves.
Giovanni Battista Morgagni, Domestic Medicine
William Buchan, Domestic Medicine
Giovanni Battista Morgagni, De Sedibus
William Buchan, De Sedibus
All of the following is true about Giovanni Battista Morgagni EXCEPT:
he helped build a system in which physicians studied bodies to find medical answers
He wrote the book, "A Treatise on the Prevention and Cure of Diseases"
He started the trend of studying postmortem (or dead bodies) and making clinical observations
His work led to physicians in Paris using autopsies (cutting open of dead bodies for study) to make connections to previous diagnoses of a disease
In the late 1700s, Paris put bodies (both living and dead) at the center of their research, teaching, and practice. Which of the following resulted because of this?
bodies were being categorized under "diseased" and "non-diseased" classifications
understanding the disease and how it attacked bodies was more important than treating an individual patient
In the clinic, the patient became the detective of their own disease assisting the physician with diagnosis
all of the above
none of the above
Using Observation of a sick patient while they were still alive and observing that same patient's diseased corpse after they died to investigate diseases scientifically is known as:
disease-based pathology
corroboration of diagnosis
physician agreed investigation
clinic-pathological correlation
all of the above
The work of Parisian doctors in the late 1700s and the early 1800s used close observation and physical examination continuing ____________________that was lost during the medieval times.
Hippocratic practice
Humoral medicine
Aristotlean practice
Anatomical medicine
all of the above
______________developed the stethescope.
Rene Laennec
Mari Bachat
Giovanni Morgani
Benjamin Rush
All of the following is true about Marie Francois Xavier Bichat EXCEPT:
He proposed categorizing body parts based on texture and appearance
he studies "lesions" and different tissues earlier in the progress of a disease
He wrote Treatise on Membranes and General Anatomy
He was the first person that took the theory of disease and based it on fluids in the body
In the 1800s Germany built laboratories. Which of the following is true?
they were cooperative- designed to have researchers work together and to train new professionals
they had different focuses such as physiology and chemistry
new types of machinery were invented like microscopes because of the high demand from laboratories
German laboratory science was the world's best at the time.
all of the above
Why was the development of the microscope important?
It began a new look into dissective anatomy
It led to chemical and physiological science
It led to "cellular science"
all of the above
All of the following is true about Rudolf Virchow EXCEPT:
He wrote "Cellular Pathology" in 1858
His theories helped people to understand life as well as disease
He was a pathologist that used microscopes to map out cell science
His theories were not very widely accepted toward the end of the 1800s
Anton Mesmer claimed to have discovered a force he called,_________________. It later led to _______________
Magnetized Rodding, Animal Magnetism
Mesmerism, Magnetized Rodding
Animal Magnetism, Mesmerism
Mesmerism, Animal Magnetism
Which of the following was true about Anton Mesmer's "Animal Magnetism"?
he believed it was responsible for the attraction between two people
he believed that understanding of it could help him heal tumors and lesions
he believed he could use magnetized rods to direct fluid in the body
none of the above is true
Why did the commission assembled in France determine that Anton Mesmer's "Animal Magnetism" wasn't a new force?
It was being used with hypnosis which is not a proven science
other physicians were unable to see any evidence of a new force using microscopic lenses.
They couldn't reproduce the effects of his cures.
all of the above
