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WorksheetsECB Unit #6 Dynamic Earth Test
Total questions: 40
Worksheet time: 20mins
In which Earth layer are most convection currents that cause seafloor spreading thought to be located?
crust
asthenosphere
outer core
inner core
When the hot material of the mantle RISES and the cool material SINKS, this creates
convection currents
magnetic fields
hot spots
advection forces
According to the Earth Science Reference Tables, as the depth within the Earth's interior increases, the
density, temperature, and pressure decrease
density increases, but temperature and pressure decrease
density, temperature, and pressure increase
density and temperature increase, but pressure decreases
What do Convection Currents cause on the Earth?
movement of tectonic plates:crust
movement of ocean water
movement of the atmosphere:air
movement of the core
What type of boundary exists where plates are colliding?
Convergent
Horizontal
Divergent
Transform
What does the theory of continental drift explain?
the layers of the Earth
why continents move
how volcanoes formed
how oceans formed
A deep well or mine shaft goes through which layer or layers of Earth?
crust only
mantle only
crust and mantle
mantle and core
Scientists are able to conclude that a forested ecosystem existed in Antarctica millions of years ago by studying
the current climate.
the fossil record.
glacial movement.
seafloor spreading.
A difference between the oceanic crust and the continental crust is that the oceanic crust is
composed chiefly of sedimentary rocks.
more dense than the continental crust.
older than the continental crust.
continually being created.
A student is visiting a local limestone quarry and finds fossils of seashells. The quarry is located hundreds of miles from the ocean. The fossils best indicate that
this area was once below sea level.
global temperature changed over time.
erosion took place after a flood.
volcanic activity affected the area.
Which model best represents the internal structure of Earth?
What landform is created when two continental plates collide?
mountain range
ocean basin
volcano
canyon
According to the continental drift theory, a single, huge continent once existed called
Pangaea
Wegener
Panthalassa
Eurasia
What type of boundary is formed when plates separate?
convergent
transform
divergent
horizontal
What is the idea that all continents were part of one big landmass?
oceanic drift
continental drift
oceanic theory
continental theory
Earth’s three compositional layers are the mantle, core, and crust. Which statement below is correct?
A is the crust, B is the core, and C is the mantle.
A is the core, B is the mantle, and C is the crust.
A is the inner core, B is the outer core, and C is the mantle.
A is the core, B is the crust, and C is the mantle.
On December 26, 2004, a major tsunami occurred in the Indian Ocean. The tsunami traveled from its point of origin to as far away as Africa—nearly 5,000 km. The map below shows the countries most affected by this tsunami. What was the cause of this tsunami?
an earthquake beneath the ocean
the impact of a large meteorite in the ocean
a sudden violent windstorm above the ocean water
a typhoon moving from the Indian Ocean toward India
Madelyn drew a diagram of Earth showing one way that scientists have divided it. She included the core, the mantle, and the crust.
relative density
physical structure
geographical location
chemical composition
This diagram shows the formation of fault-block mountains. The arrows show the direction of force. The curving line on the top of each figure depicts a river. What does the letter L represent?
the tension
the footwall
the fault line
the hanging wall
The illustration below shows some of Earth’s tectonic plates. The arrows indicate the directions in which some of these plates are moving. According to this map, where can you infer that mountains are being formed?
between the Scotia Plate and the Pacific Plate
between the Cocos Plate and the Caribbean Plate
between the South American Plate and the African Plate
between the North America Plate and the Antarctic Plate
Most divergent plate boundaries lie under the world’s oceans. Which of the following is a process that occurs at divergent boundaries?
subduction of old crust
formation of new crust
plates slide past each other
continental collisions occur
Earth has five layers based on physical properties. The diagram below shows these five layers. Which letter represents the mesosphere?
B
C
D
E
Notice how the figure below shows both continental crust and oceanic crust. In this figure, shading indicates density. The more darkly shaded a region is, the denser that region is. What can you infer from the figure?
Oceanic crust is denser than continental crust.
Continental crust is denser than oceanic crust.
Oceanic crust does not contain as much iron as continental crust.
Continental crust contains more magnesium than oceanic crust.
Which is a process that most likely formed the Appalachian Mountains found in the eastern part of North America?
earthquake
folded rock
plate tectonics
volcanic activity
Tectonic plates can move, as shown in the figure below. What does this figure show?
a divergent boundary
a transform boundary
a convergent boundary
a stationary plate boundary
The diagram below shows Earth divided into five layers. Scientists divide Earth into these layers based on what properties?
core properties
physical properties
chemical properties
atmospheric properties
Two oceanic plates are pushing against each other. One plate then begins to slide beneath the other. Which type of feature will form as a result of this movement?
mid-ocean ridge
abyssal plain
rift zone
trench
Which of the following gives a correct description of lava and magma?
Lava is magma that erupts onto Earth's surface.
Lava is hot, liquid rock and magma is solidified lava.
Lava forms intrusive rocks and magma forms extrusive rocks.
Lava forms foliated rocks and magma forms nonfoliated rocks.
Which compositional layer of Earth is the thinnest?
the crust
the mantle
the inner core
the outer core
How is the outer core of Earth different from the inner core?
The outer core is solid, and the inner core is liquid.
The outer core is liquid, and the inner core is solid.
The outer core is made of nickel, and the inner core is made of iron.
The outer core is made of iron, and the inner core is made of nickel.
A plate boundary is a place where two tectonic plates meet. There are several types of tectonic plate boundaries. Which statement below shows the correct definition of a tectonic plate boundary?
At a divergent boundary, plates separate.
At a transform boundary, plates move apart.
At a convergent boundary, plates slide past each other.
At a divergent boundary, one plate sinks under another plate.
The picture shows how air in a room is warmed by a heater. How does this system compare to the way heat from the core of Earth reaches the surface?
The heater uses convection currents to transfer heat, and Earth’s interior uses radiation.
The heater uses radiation to transfer heat, and Earth’s interior uses conduction.
Both systems use convection currents to transfer heat.
Both systems use conduction to transfer heat.
This circle graph shows that two common elements make up about 75% of a specific type of matter. Which type of matter does the circle graph most likely represent?
Earth’s atmosphere
living organisms
ocean water
Earth’s crust
The map shows a boundary between two tectonic plates. Between which two tectonic plates is this boundary located?
Indo-Australian Plate and Pacific Plate
North American Plate and Pacific Plate
Indo-Australian Plate and Eurasian Plate
North American Plate and Eurasian Plate
Due to extreme pressure, the inner core of Earth is
solid
liquid
gas
plasma.
Earth is made of different layers that have varying characteristics. Which is the thickest layer?
the mantle
the inner core
the outer core
the crust
The inner core of Earth is solid because of the
rate of rotation.
extreme temperature.
amount of pressure.
magnetic field.
What best describes the mantle of Earth?
a thin layer that is located on the surface
a solid layer made of iron and nickel
the largest layer between the crust and outer core
the smallest layer that is made up of molten rock
Thousands of fish fossils discovered high in the Rocky Mountains most likely indicate that
ancient sea levels were once high enough to cover the mountains.
a large flood washed the fish up to the tops of the mountains.
the mountains were once part of the sea floor that was pushed up by tectonic forces.
the fish were inhabitants of an ancient stream that became frozen during the ice ages.
Which event most likely caused the formation of folded mountain ranges on Earth?
tectonic plates pulling apart
tectonic plates pushing together
tectonic plates sliding past each other
tectonic plates breaking into small pieces
