Process in which people exchange goods without ever contacting each other directly

important trade city in Mali

Capital of Songhai

city that was a center of learning in Songhai

widespread movement of Bantu people out of West Africa between 5,000 and 2,000 years ago

language and culture created from blending African and Arab influences

brutal trip to take slaves across the Atlantic

first European colony in West Africa

entrepreneurs

attempt to dominate a county's government, trade, or culture

belief that your own group or culture is better or more important than otheres

waterway built in Egypt in the 1860s to connect the Mediterranean and Red Seas

meeting of Europeans leaders that led to the division of Africa among European powers

Dutch farmers in South Africa

devotion or loyalty to a country