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WorksheetsEvidence of Common Ancestry B.7 AB
Total questions: 19
Worksheet time: 10mins
Which statement is supported by this cladogram?
Hippopotamuses are more closely related to cows than to javelinas.
Toothed whales are more closely related to mouse deer than to hippopotamuses.
Javelinas and pigs are more closely related than baleen whales and toothed whales.
Cows and mouse deer are more closely related than javelinas and pigs.
Which organism is the LEAST related to the other three organisms?
Organism 1
Organism 2
Organism 3
Organism 4
Which statement is best supported by the observable structures of the different humerus
The primates lived in similar environments.
The primates shared a common ancestor.
The primates interbreed with similar organisms in a population.
The primates had diets that consisted of similar types of foods.
Which conclusion about the relatedness of the lizards do these data support?
G. atlantica and G. stehlini are the least closely related.
G. simonyi and G. bravoana are the most closely related.
G. galloti eisentrauti and G. galloti palmae are the most closely related.
G. galloti eisentrauti and G. galloti galloti are the least closely related.
Which statement provides the best evidence that Ambulocetus natans is an ancestor of Basilosaurus isis?
Homologous structures occur in each fossil.
Similar nitrogenous bases are found in the DNA of each fossil.
The fossils were found in different locations.
The youngest fossil is larger than the older fossils.
Bactrian camels, dromedaries, llamas, and alpacas are all members of the same taxonomic family, Camelidae. Members of this family all have two toes, no hooves, true canine teeth, and a split upper lip. The family Camelidae originated in North America. The physical features of animals in this family and the family's geographical origin provide evidence that all these animals —
live in the same type of ecosystem
have slowly evolved to become herbivores
have a common ancestor
exchanged DNA at some point in the past
In 2010, scientists excavated a skull fossil that provides evidence of a newly discovered species of big cat. Based on the evidence, scientists hypothesize that big cats branched off from smaller wild cats about 6 million years ago. Which of these resources did the scientists most likely rely on to form their hypothesis?
A food web showing feeding relationships of organisms where the fossil skull was found
Population and migration data for small wild cats living in the ecosystem where the skull was found
The fossil record and DNA comparisons of big cats and small cats
The historical record of interactions between different species of big cats
Which statement is best supported by the information in this dendrogram?
Lesser pandas are more genetically similar to giant pandas than they are to raccoons.
Brown bears are more genetically similar to giant pandas than they are to sun bears.
Lesser pandas are more genetically similar to raccoons than they are to giant pandas.
The bear species are all more genetically similar to dogs than they are to giant pandas.
Which statement about the ancestry of the lizards from the genus Gallotia is best supported by this information?
The common ancestor of the lizards first colonized the island of El Hierro.
The ancestors of each species came from different continents at different times.
The common ancestor of the lizards probably came from Africa.
The ancestors of each species evolved in Spain and were brought to the islands at the same time.
The fact that both these mammals incubate their immature offspring in a pouch provides evidence that they —
belong to the same species
must range great distances to eat
have very similar skeletal structures
are descended from a common ancestor
Genome maps provide the DNA sequences of chromosomes. Some scientists have compared the genome maps of a hedgehog and a sloth. What do these genome maps allow the scientists to determine?
The color patterns of the offspring of each species
How much the size ranges of the two species differ
The methods of protein synthesis that each species uses
How closely related the two species are to each other
The similarities of organisms in which two areas numbered above provide the best evidence for common ancestry between the organisms in both locations?
1 and 2
3 and 4
5 and 6
7 and 8
These limbs provide evidence of common ancestry because they —
have the same basic structure
perform the same function
are the same size
are parts of mammals
The data in the diagram is evidence that —
a new species of horse suddenly appeared
horses slowly developed over time
horses have similar stages of rapid embryological development
horses have a common ancestry with other hooved animals
Niles Eldredge and Stephen Jay Gould researched the lenses Of the eyes Of fossil trilobites Of different species. In 1972 they published a paper in which they described the tendency of a species to remain the same until a sudden change in the environment causes a new related
species to appear.
Which hypothesis was most challenged by the work of Eldredge and Gould?
Redi's hypothesis that spontaneous generation does not occur
Haeckel's hypothesis that embryological development mimics the evolution of species
Wallace's hypothesis that geography affects the distribution of species
Darwin's hypothesis that the development Of species is a slow, gradual process
Which statement is best supported by these data?
Competition for food and shelter among reptile species was very low during the Triassi period.
A great extinction occurred during the Jurassic period.
Environmental conditions for speciation were most favorable for reptiles during the Permian period.
Reptiles adapted to a terrestrial environment during the Cretaceous period.
How can the pattern of change in the fossil record best be explained?
The mollusks were well adapted to their stable environment. A large, sudden change occurred in their environment. After the change the mollusks with the bigger shells ere better adapted for the new environment.
The mollusks were well adapted to their stable environment. The mollusks hybridized with a smaller species of mollusk. A new species of mollusk with a bigger shell resulted.
The mollusks were not well adapted to their environment. The length of the mollusks' shells changed gradually over time. The mollusks in the original population that had small shells died over a period of many years.
The mollusks were well adapted to their environment. Humans introduced a new species of mollusk that was not adapted to this environment. The introduced mollusk outcompeted the native mollusk species.
Which discovery would challenge the validity of this cladogram?
A large aquatic vascular plant about 200 million years old
A species of algae that has existed for less than one million years
A moss species that has existed for less than 380 million years
A fossil of a fern more than 425 million years old
After examining the fossil record, scientists have determined that scorpions today are much smaller than their extinct ancestors. For example, Jaekelopterus rhenaniae, a giant scorpion species that lived 255 million to 460 million years ago, was 2.5 meters long. Which of the following conclusions is supported by this information?
Scorpions living today have increased their numbers since they first appeared.
Scorpions in the fossil record are smaller than their descendants are.
Scorpions have changed as a result of natural selection.
Scorpions do not appear in their original state in the fossil record.
