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meteorology and hydrology interim review

Total questions: 228

Worksheet time: 3hrs 47mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
a)
Warm Front
b)
High Air Pressure
c)
Cold Front
d)
High Temperatures
2.
a)
Low Clouds
b)
Low Temperatures
c)
Light Wind
d)
Low Air Pressure
3.
After a cold front passes through, what type of weather will there be?   
a)
Rainy or stormy, and cloudy
b)
Clear, dry, and sunny
4.
After a warm front passes through what type of weather will there be?
a)
Rainy or stormy, and cloudy
b)
Clear, dry, and sunny
5.
a)
High Pressure
b)
Warm Front
c)
Cold Front
d)
Mountains
6.
High Pressure is associated with this type of weather...
a)
Cloudy/Overcast Weather
b)
Cold Weather
c)
Warm Weather
d)
Fair Weather
7.
Our weather generally moves in this direction...
a)
West to East
b)
East to West
c)
North to South
d)
South to North
8.
A cold front moving into an area can bring this type of weather...
a)
Warmer Temperatures, Clear Skies
b)
Colder Temperatures, Clear Skies
c)
Warmer Temperatures, Clouds
d)
Colder Temperatures, Clouds, and Precipitation
9.
A warm front moving into an area can bring this type of weather...
a)
Warmer Temperatures, Clear Skies
b)
Colder Temperatures, Clear Skies
c)
Warmer Temperatures, Clouds, and steady precipitation
d)
Colder Temperatures, Clouds, and Precipitation
10.
The amount of water vapor present in the air is called ________________.
a)
weather
b)
humidity
c)
air mass
d)
dew point
11.
What causes warm air to rise?
a)
the fact that it's less dense than cold air 
b)
The fact that it weighs more than cold air 
c)
The fact that it has higher pressure than cold
d)
the fact that its more dense than cold air 
12.
Large body  of air with similar temperature, pressure, and humidity.
a)
Cold front
b)
Warm front
c)
High pressure system
d)
Air mass
13.
A boundary between a warm air mass and a advancing cold air mass.
a)
Cold front
b)
Warm front
c)
Light front
d)
Dark front
14.
Cold air moves in ______________direction.
a)
Downward
b)
Upward
c)
Left to right
d)
Circular
15.
Hot air moves in __________________direction.
a)
Upward
b)
Downward
c)
Circular
d)
Sideways
16.
The symbol for a low pressure system is?
a)
H
b)
L
c)
S
d)
W
17.
The symbol for a high pressure system is?
a)
L
b)
S
c)
W
d)
H
18.
This symbol represents
a)
a cold front
b)
an occluded front 
c)
a stationary front
d)
a warm front
19.

What causes wind?

a)

differences in air pressure

b)

differences in gravity

c)

difference in oxygen

d)

differences in the thermosphere

20.

What causes differences in air pressure?

a)

even heating of the Earth

b)

Even cooling of the earth

c)

uneven heating of the earth

d)

global warming

21.

Local winds blow over:

a)

short distances

b)

long distances

c)

the poles

d)

the equator

22.
What is responsible for warming the Earth’s surface and creating wind?
a)
The Moon
b)
Earth's interior (inside)
c)
Coriolis effect
d)
The Sun
23.
Which statement correctly defines wind?
a)
Wind is the movement of air from areas of low pressure to areas of high pressure
b)
Wind is the movement of air to a colder area in the atmosphere.
c)
Wind is the movement of air from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure.
d)
Wind is the movement of air pushed around and bouncing off Earth's surface.
24.
Why does warm air rise?
a)
Warm air is more dense than cooler air.
b)
Warm air has more pressure than cooler air.
c)
Warm air is less dense than cooler air.
d)
Warm air has a higher dew point than cooler air.
25.
How does the air move in a land breeze?
a)
From east to west
b)
From west to east
c)
From the land to the ocean
d)
From the ocean to the land
26.
Is this a land or a sea breeze?
a)
land breeze
b)
sea breeze
27.

During the land breeze, what starts moving the cooler air out and warmer air in?

a)

conduction

b)

convection

c)

radiation

28.

Air at the poles is colder and denser so it_______________.

a)

rises

b)

circulates

c)

stagnates

d)

sinks

29.

Air is warmer and less dense at the equator because the equator receives more____________________.

a)

wind

b)

solar radiation

c)

air pressure

d)

condensation

30.

In the Northern Hemisphere, winds traveling north appear to curve east because of the:

a)

trade winds

b)

convection currents

c)

Coriolis effect

d)

polar easterlies

31.
The Coriolis effect is the curving of wind across Earth. What causes winds to curve?
a)
Earth's revolution
b)
Earth's magnetic field
c)
Earth's rotation
d)
Earth's gravitational pull
32.
Which diagram shows the formation of a land breeze?
a)
diagram Y
b)
diagram X
c)
neither 
d)
both
33.
Use the diagram to determine which statement is correct.
a)
The air at location 3 is more dense than the air at location 6.
b)
The air at location 2 is rushing in to take the place of the colder air at location 3.
c)
Location 1 heats up and cools down slower than location 7.
d)
High pressure air at location 2 is taking the place of the low pressure air at location 3.
34.

A ________________ is an intense storm with strong winds, heavy rain, lightning, and thunder.

a)

tornado

b)

hurricane

c)

thunderstorm

35.

Electricity may flow within the cloud also flow between the cloud and the ground. These electrical currents are _________________.

a)

thunder

b)

particles

c)

lightning

36.

A _________ can from when a rapidly spinning column of low pressure air, called a funnel cloud touches the ground.

a)

thunderstorm

b)

hurricane

c)

tornado

37.

A tornado begins as a ___________ cloud that pokes through the bottom of a cumulonimbus cloud.

a)

cirrus

b)

cumulus

c)

funnel

d)

stratus

38.

A _____________ is a large, rotating low-pressure system that forms over the warm waters of oceans near the equator.

a)

tornado

b)

hurricane

c)

thunderstorm

d)

flooding

39.

Most hurricanes

a)

cannot be seen from space

b)

cross exposed land

c)

become dangerous category 5 storms

d)

lose their power when they move into cooler waters or moves over land

40.

Winds are generated when air flows from a high pressure area into a ____.

a)

region of intense moisture

b)

cold front

c)

low pressure area

d)

storm that is already in progress

41.

Thunderstorms form along a cold front

a)

True

b)

False

42.

These storms produce the Earth's most powerful winds

a)

thunderstorms

b)

hurricanes

c)

tornadoes

43.

The calm area in the center of a hurricane is called the _____.

a)

draft

b)

funnel

c)

eye

d)

squall

44.

The most dangerous aspect of a hurricane that comes ashore is the ________.

a)

storm surge

b)

eye wall

c)

wind speed

d)

rainfall

45.

Hurricanes can produce tornadoes

a)

True

b)

False

46.

Many people think that the winds are the most damaging part of a hurricane-most of the damage from hurricanes is actually caused by flooding from heavy rains and _________ _________, which is the rise in sea level that happens during a storm.

a)

water evaporating

b)

storm surge

c)

wind speed

d)

strong winds

47.

A funnel cloud and a tornado are the same.

a)

True

b)

False

48.

Theses storms are the largest and most powerful storms on the planet.

a)

Thunderstorms

b)

Hurricanes

c)

Tornadoes

49.
Hot coffee is stirred with a spoon; the spoon gets hot due to
a)
conduction
b)
convection
c)
radiation
50.
Near the ceiling of a room the air is warmer; the warm air rises because of
a)
conduction
b)
convection
c)
radiation
51.
Warm air over the beach rises while cooler, dense air from the ocean rushes in due to
a)
conduction
b)
convection
c)
radiation
52.
Warm air rises and the cool air sinks demonstrates this type of heat transfer. 
a)
conduction
b)
convection
c)
radiation
d)
Insolation 
53.
Ironing a shirt is an example of...
a)
condensation
b)
conduction
c)
convection
d)
radiation
54.
The way the heat is moving from the hot coffee is called...
a)
convection
b)
radiation
c)
insulation
d)
conduction
55.
Carole owns a two story house with a heating and cooling unit on each floor. In the winter she mostly uses the downstairs unit because the volume of warm air __________ and __________ warming the whole house through __________.
a)
expands, rises, convection
b)
expands, sinks, conduction
c)
contracts, rises, conversion
d)
contracts, sinks, contraption
56.
A toaster toasting bread is an example of 
a)
condensation
b)
conductio
c)
convection
d)
radiation
57.
In how many ways does heat move around the universe?
a)
One
b)
Three
c)
Two
d)
Ten
58.
A microwave oven uses which of the following to heat foods.
a)
Microwave elves
b)
Radiation
c)
Convection
d)
Conduction
59.
Molecules in cold things move more _________
than in hot things.
a)
quickly
b)
slowly
c)
happily
d)
merrily
60.
In heat transfer, heat always flows from the _______________ substance to the _______________ substance.
a)
Hotter to colder
b)
Colder to hotter
c)
Hotter to hotter
d)
Colder to colder
61.
The type of heat transfer that happens through direct contact of molecules or particles with each other is ___________________.
a)
Convection
b)
Conduction
c)
Radiation
d)
insulation.
62.
The kind of heat transfer that travels through space in electromagnetic waves is ______________________.
a)
insulation.
b)
Radiation
c)
Conduction
d)
Convection
63.
Which statement is true?
a)
The quicker a molecule moves, the colder it is.
b)
The slower a molecule moves, the warmer it is.
c)
The quicker a molecule moves, the warmer it is
d)
The movement on molecule don�t affect its temperature
64.
What kind of heat transfer happens when the sun is heating your body?
a)
Conduction
b)
Radiation
c)
Convection
d)
Density
65.
Walking on the warm sand sand with your bare feet demonstrates this type of heat transfer. 
a)
conduction
b)
convection
c)
radiation
66.
You get sunburned due to __________ from the sun.
a)
conduction
b)
convection
c)
radiation
67.

Which of the following models most accurately represents the air circulation patterns likely to develop on a hot summer afternoon in a coastal area?

a)
b)
c)
d)
68.

Global winds are caused by differences in pressure caused by:

a)

warm air rising at the equator and cold air sinking at the poles

b)

warm air sinking at the equator and cold air rising at the pole.

c)

Warm air rising at the equator and cold air rising at the poles

d)

warm air sinking at the equator and cold air sinking at the poles

69.

Jordan researched the hourly temperatures of an ocean and a land mass near each other. Each morning Jordan discovered the land and ocean had a similar temperature. For the rest of the day the sun continues to warm the ocean and the land. During the day, which direction will the wind MOST LIKELY blow?

a)

Toward the land

b)

Toward the ocean

c)

Remain still

d)

not enough data to tell

70.

Which of the following is NOT a contributing factor to the uneven warming of Earth’s surface?

a)

Different surfaces warm at different rates

b)

Different surfaces retain energy differently

c)

The sun is farther from the Earth during the winter

d)

The sun’s rays hit the surface at various angles

71.

Which of the following statements best explains why it is warmer at the equator than the North Pole?

a)

The equator has more daylight hours per year than the North Pole.

b)

The equator has a larger area than the North Pole.

c)

The equator is closer to the Sun than the North pole.

d)

The equator receives more direct sunlight than the North Pole.

72.

During the daytime, the land warms up faster than water causing the air above the land to be less dense and rise into the atmosphere. This causes _____________________.

a)

sea breezes

b)

land breezes

c)

global winds

d)

jet streams

73.

Which statement about Earth's heating patterns is true?

a)

The rate of cooling depends on the season.

b)

Large bodies of water cool more quickly than land.

c)

Land cools more quickly than large bodies of water.

d)

Land and large bodies of water cool at the same rate.

74.

During an experiment, you were instructed to equally heat a sample of soil and a sample of water with heat lamps, and then measure the temperature of each sample once per minute, for eight minutes. Suppose that the experiment yielded the results shown in the table below. which of the following predictions are supported the best by the data?

a)

The temperatures of the soil and the water would rise at the same average rate because the same light is being used to heat it up.

b)

The temperature of the soil would not rise at all over the next time period because the soil temperature has reached its maximum temperature.

c)

The temperature of the water would rise at a faster average rate than the average rate that the temperature of the soil would rise because water heats up faster than soil.

d)

The temperature of the soil would rise at a faster average rate than the average rate that the temperature of the water would rise because soil heats up faster than water.

75.

Students completed a lab investigation consisting of four stations, A, B, C, and D. Equal amounts of sand at the same starting temperature were heated by identical light sources. The light sources were the same distance from each station but at different angles to the surface. Two thermometers were used at each station, one just above the surface and the other just below the surface. The lights were turned on for 30 minutes and then removed for the next 30 minutes. Temperatures were recorded each minute for the 60 minutes. Using the models above, which station was most of the energy from the light sources transferred to the sand?

a)

Station A, because the sand is receiving the most direct heat transfer by radiation.

b)

Station A, because the sand is receiving the most direct heat transfer by conduction.

c)

Station D, because the sand is receiving the most direct heat transfer by radiation.

d)

Station D, because the sand is receiving the most direct heat transfer by conduction.

76.

Sarah has been asked by her teacher to investigate the following scientific question: Why are sea breezes felt during the day and land breezes at night? Which of the following data sources would best help Sarah to answer the question and why?

a)

The tidal charts for the month, because high tides cool off the beach, causing a sea breeze at night and a land breeze during the day.

b)

The tidal charts for the month, because high tides cool off the beach, causing a land breeze at night and a sea breeze during the day.

c)

Day and night temperatures of the beach and ocean, because the land and the air above it heats and cools faster than the water, causing a land breeze at night and a sea breeze during the day.

d)

Day and night temperatures of the beach and ocean, because the sea and the air above it heats and cools faster than the land, causing a sea breeze at night and a land breeze during the day.

77.

What is the result of an increase in greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, in our atmosphere?

a)

The atmosphere is getting larger

b)

The atmosphere is getting cooler

c)

The atmosphere is getting warmer

d)

The atmosphere is getting smaller

78.

What are the two main greenhouse gases in our atmosphere?

a)

Carbon dioxide and Methane

b)

Carbon Dioxide and Nitrogen

c)

Carbon dioxide and Oxygen

d)

Oxygen and Methane

79.

Most of Earth’s weather occurs in the________________________.

a)

Mesosphere

b)

Stratosphere

c)

Thermosphere

d)

Troposphere

80.

Which of the following particles are found in the atmosphere?

a)

Dust

b)

Volcanic Ash

c)

Smoke

d)

All of the above

81.

As you go up into the layers of the atmosphere ________________________.

a)

Air pressure increases

b)

Air pressure decreases

c)

air column increases

d)

air column decreases

82.

Which answer best describes Earth’s atmosphere?

a)

78% oxygen, 21% nitrogen, 1% other

b)

78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 1% other

c)

78% carbon dioxide, 21% oxygen, 1% methane

d)

50% Water Vapor and 50% carbon dioxide

83.

Earth's atmosphere makes conditions on Earth suitable for living things.

a)

True

b)

False

84.

Because air has mass, it also has other properties, including which of the following?

a)

Pressure

b)

Density

c)

Volume

d)

All of the above

85.

What happens to the temperature in the troposphere when you increase in altitude?

a)

Increases

b)

Decreases

c)

Stays the same

86.

If the meteorologist reports that there is a low pressure system moving into our area, what kind of weather could we expect?

a)

sunny and clear

b)

cloudy and stormy

87.

Which air mass has greater pressure and density?

a)

Cold

b)

Hot

88.

What layer of the atmosphere does weather occur?

a)

Exosphere

b)

Thermosphere

c)

Mesosphere

d)

Troposphere

89.

A mixture of gases that surrounds the Earth like a blanket.

a)

atmosphere

b)

troposphere

c)

ozone

d)

nitrogen

90.

Gas in the atmosphere that protects the Earth from the Sun's rays

a)

atmosphere

b)

troposphere

c)

ozone

d)

nitrogen

91.

The gas that makes up most of Earth’s atmosphere

a)

lifting

b)

troposphere

c)

wind funnel

d)

nitrogen

92.

"atmo-" means

a)

gas or vapor

b)

water

c)

Earth or rocks

d)

life

93.

The highest layer of the atmosphere is

a)

troposhphere

b)

mesosphere

c)

stratosphere

d)

exosphere

94.

Airplanes fly in the

a)

troposhphere

b)

mesosphere

c)

stratosphere

d)

exosphere

95.

Meteor showers occur in the

a)

troposhphere

b)

mesosphere

c)

stratosphere

d)

exosphere

96.

Earth's atmosphere is mostly made up of which 2 gases? CHOOSE 2!!!!!!

a)

nitrogen

b)

oxygen

c)

ozone

d)

water vapor

97.
What is a true fact about the mesosphere?
a)
it is the hottest layer
b)
meteors burn up here
c)
the ozone layer is found here
d)
Northern Lights happen here
98.
The weight of the atmosphere is ...
a)
temperature
b)
humidity
c)
air pressure
d)
weather
99.

Which temperature of air weighs more?

a)

warm

b)

cold

100.

What protects Earth from ultraviolet rays from the sun?

a)

ozone layer

b)

mesosphere

c)

air pressure

d)

troposphere

101.

In which temperature of air do the molecules spread out and take up more space?

a)

cold

b)

warm

102.
In what layer would you find the ozone layer?
a)
troposphere
b)
stratosphere
c)
mesosphere
d)
thermosphere
103.
The Northern Lights occur in which layer?
a)
mesosphere
b)
exosphere
c)
thermosphere
d)
stratosphere
104.
What layer comes next:
Troposphere - 
stratosphere -
?????
a)
mesosphere
b)
exosphere
c)
thermosphere
d)
ionosphere
105.

What gas makes up the majority of the atmosphere?

a)

oxygen

b)

nitrogen

c)

water vapor

d)

carbon dioxide

106.
Coriolis effect
a)
caused by Earth's rotation
b)
caused by Earth's revolution
c)
caused by Earth's tilt
d)
caused by Earth's winds
107.
Radiation is transferred by ____
a)
flow of energy
b)
touch
c)
rays and waves 
d)
winds
108.
If  you shine a light on an object - what transfer of energy does that model?
a)
conduction
b)
convection
c)
radiation
d)
emission
109.
Convection
a)
transfer of heat by flow
b)
transfer of heat by touch
c)
transfer of heat by waves and rays
d)
transfer of heat by wind
110.
Conduction
a)
transfer of energy by flow
b)
transfer of energy by touch
c)
transfer of energy by waves and rays
d)
transfer of energy by wind
111.
What is created because land and heats and cools more quickly than the water?
a)
Trade winds
b)
Polar easterlies
c)
Sea and land breezes
d)
Doldrums
112.
Sea breeze
a)
when cool, dense air from over the water flows inland
b)
when warm air from over the water flows inland
c)
when cool, dense air from over the water flows outward
d)
when cool, dense air from over the water flows outward
113.
What happens to energy when molecules collide during conduction? 
a)
it becomes electrical
b)
it changes to another form of energy
c)
it is lost
d)
it is transferred
114.
 When water vapor changes to liquid water 
a)
evaporation
b)
 condensation
c)
humidity
d)
precipitation
115.
. The flat area of the ocean basin is called the
a)
Ocean floor
b)
The Abyss
c)
Continental rise
d)
Abyssal Plain
116.
Why is most of Earths freshwater is not available for human use.  
a)
because it's in the ground
b)
because it's frozen in ice caps and glaciers
c)
because of pollution
d)
because of global warmin
117.
What percent of Earth’s water is freshwater 
a)
1%
b)
2%
c)
3%
d)
5%
118.
What is Salinity? 
a)
how much salt is in any given liquid
b)
salt on the rocks
c)
how much salt is in takis
119.
The edges of the continents slopes down from the shore into the ocean
a)
continental rise
b)
continental slope
c)
continental shelf
120.
What technology is used to measure the depth of the ocean?
a)
submarine
b)
sonic
c)
sonar
121.
What causes deep ocean currents?
a)
moon's gravitational pull
b)
temperature, density, salinity
c)
wind
122.
27.  What area of the ocean floor would have the greatest amount of pressure being exerted? 
a)
trench
b)
Rift Valley
c)
seamount
123.
 What are mid ocean ridges and why are they important? 
a)
volcanic islands that are still active
b)
underwater mountain range that creates new sea floor
c)
Part of the Himalayan mountain range
124.
How do clouds form? 
a)
smoke from factories
b)
when condensation near land freezes
c)
when water vapor condenses and cools 
125.
What gives the water cycle its energy 
a)
sun
b)
moon
c)
fire
d)
ice
126.
The steep slope where the continental shelf drops to the bottom of the ocean floor
a)
continental shelf
b)
continental slope
c)
continental rise
d)
continental breakfast
127.
 What is the most abundant (most common) salt in the ocean? 
a)
sodium
b)
chloride
c)
sulfate
d)
other
128.
What is the Coriolis effect and why is it important in understanding surface currents? 
a)
earth's rotation that causes currents in the northern hemisphere counterclockwise and southern hemisphere currents to move  clockwise
b)
earth's rotation that causes currents in the northern hemisphere to move clockwise and southern hemisphere currents to move counter clockwise
129.
This is when water falls back down to the earth as rain, hail, sleet or snow
a)
partnership
b)
promotion
c)
precipitation
d)
participation
130.
What percent of Earth’s water is saltwater 
a)
79%
b)
98%
c)
3%
d)
97%
131.
This occurs when there is an abundance of water vapor suspended in the air
a)
frost
b)
heat
c)
humidity
d)
dew
132.

What source of energy below is the most important in driving the water cycle?

a)

Geothermal energy changes water to steam so condensation can occur

b)

Sunlight heats up Earth's surface water creating the process of evaporation

c)

Wind helps change surface water into water vapor during the process of evaporation

d)

Gravity is necessary to pull water downhill when it rains thus allowing water to flow into rivers and streams

133.

A student takes a bottle of cold water from the refrigerator and leaves it on the counter. Ten minutes later, the student noticed there is now water on the outside of the bottle. What scientific phenomenon explains the water on the outside of the bottle?

a)

Condensation because the temperature of the air nearest the bottle increased causing water droplets to form

b)

Condensation because the temperature of the air nearest the bottle decreased causing the water droplets to form

c)

Evaporation because the temperature of the air nearest the bottle increased causing the water droplets to form

d)

Evaporation because the temperature of the air nearest he bottle decreased causing the water droplets to form

134.

Lab partners are designing an experiment that shows the important steps of the water cycle. For their experimental design, which of the following procedures could best be used to demonstrate the difference between condensation and evaporation?

a)

To show condensation- increase the temperature within the cycle; to show evaporation-decrease the temperature

b)

To show condensation- decrease the temperature within the cycle; to show evaporation- increase the temperature

c)

To show condensation- maintain a constant temperature within the cycle; to show evaporation- increase the temperature

d)

To show condensation- maintain a constant temperature within the cycle; to show evaporation-decrease the temperature

135.

Refer to the diagram below of a student's lab setup of the water cycle. In this experiment, the total amount of water inside the container is measured at the beginning and then again after a full cycle has occurred.


Which of the following best predicts the outcome of the experiment and explains why?

a)

The beginning amount of water in the container would be less than the ending amount of water in the container because the water evaporated, decreasing the water level.

b)

The beginning amount of water in the container would be more than ending amount of water in the container because the process of condensation increases the water level.

c)

The beginning and ending amounts of water in the container would be equal because the water that was evaporated increased the water level but then came back as precipitation which decreased the water level again

d)

The beginning and ending amounts of water in the container would be equal because the water that was evaporated decreased the water level but then came back as precipitation which increased the water level again.

136.

Which of the following questions can best be answered by the data presented in the chart.

a)

What are the types of sea water?

b)

How does sea water differ from fresh water?

c)

Which "other" elements make up sea water?

d)

Which two salt elements are the most abundant in seawater?

137.

Use the diagram above to answer the question.

Which of the following questions can BEST be answered by the data presented in the graph above?

a)

Is there a direct relationship between the density and salinity of ocean water?

b)

Is there an indirect relationship between the density and salinity of ocean water?

c)

Does the density of ocean water increase over time?

d)

Does the salinity of ocean water increase over time?

138.

A student was studying the ocean floor topography and began to question how pressure and temperature would differ at each feature.

What conclusions can she draw about ocean floor features F and G?

a)

Feature F is an ocean trench while Feature G is a continental shelf, which has more pressure than the ocean trench because there are more water molecules above it and a lower temperature because the sun cannot penetrate its deep waters to warm it.

b)

Feature F is a continental shelf while Feature G is a deep ocean trench, which has more pressure than the continental shelf because there are more water molecules above it and a lower temperature because the sun cannot penetrate its deep waters to warm it.

c)

Feature F is an abyssal plain, while Feature G is a mid-ocean ridge, which has more pressure than the ocean trench because there are more water molecules above it and a lower temperature because the sun cannot penetrate its deep waters to warm it.

d)

Feature F is a mid-ocean ridge, while Feature G is an abyssal plain, which has more pressure than the continental shelf because there are more water molecules above it and a lower temperature because the sun cannot penetrate its deep waters to warm it.

139.

Which factor Mostly causes waves?

a)

The wind

b)

The moon

c)

Earthquakes

d)

The Coriolis Effect

140.

The diagram illustrates two types of currents are found in ocean waters.


Which of the following is the BEST explanation for why oceans have two types of currents?

a)

Surface currents are caused by wind whereas deep currents are caused by differences in density.

b)

Surface currents are caused by differences in density whereas deep currents are caused by wind.

c)

Surface currents are caused by temperature differences whereas deep currents are caused by changes in salinity.

d)

Surface currents are caused by changes in salinity whereas deep currents are caused by changes in temperature

141.

High and low tides occur twice daily at regular intervals.

Using the diagram, which of the following letters indicates where high tide is occurring and best explains why?

a)

Letters B and D indicate high tides, where the tidal bulges would occur because of the Coriolis Effect.

b)

Letters A and B indicate high tides, where the tidal bulges would occur because of the strong winds blowing across the oceans.

c)

Letters C and D indicate high tides, where the tidal bulges would occur because of the gravitational pull between the Earth and the moon

d)

Letters A and C indicate high tides, where the tidal bulges would occur because of the gravitational pull of the moon.

142.

The graph shows the distribution of water on Earth's surface.


What can be concluded from the image?

a)

Most of the freshwater on Earth is found in oceans

b)

Most of the water available on Earth is not drinkable

c)

Most of the water available on Earth is drinkable

d)

Most of the freshwater on Earth is found as groundwater

143.

Where does most of the water evaporation on Earth come from?

a)

Transpiring plants

b)

Rivers

c)

Oceans

d)

Surface Lakes

144.

Which part of the ocean would have the lowest salinity?

a)

In areas near melting glaciers

b)

In areas where there is little rainfall

c)

In areas near the equator

d)

In areas with the highest temperatures

145.

Where is most of the Earth's freshwater located?

a)

In the ocean

b)

In icecaps and glaciers

c)

In rivers and streams

d)

In aquifers

146.

Why are water conservation and pollution control important for future generations?

a)

Waste and pollution will lead to less rainfall over land.

b)

Waste will lead to less water in the oceans, rivers, and lakes.

c)

Pollution will cause an increase in tourism in beach communities.

d)

Pollution and waste will lead to a shortage of clean water for human use.

147.

Which of the following characteristics alters the density of ocean water?

a)

Temperature and wave speed

b)

Salinity and Temperature

c)

Wave speed and wave size

d)

Wave size and salinity

148.

What is the continuous chain of underwater mountains, formed by a divergent boundary?

a)

continental shelf

b)

continental slope

c)

abyssal plain

d)

mid-ocean ridge

149.

What makes the currents in the Northern Hemisphere CURVE to the right?

a)

longshore drift

b)

density

c)

Coriolis Effect

d)

moon's gravity

150.

How does a straight alignment between Earth, the sun, and the moon impact the tides on Earth?

a)

It produces the greatest changes in tidal range

b)

It produces neap tides

c)

It produces the least change in tidal range

d)

It produces diurnal tides

151.

If the first HIGH tide of the day occurs at 1:00AM, when will the next HIGH tide occur?

a)

7:00am

b)

1:00pm

c)

7:00pm

d)

1:00am the next day

152.
How does the Gulf Stream affect the British Isles?
a)
It makes it warmer and tropical.
b)
It makes it cooler and mild.
c)
It makes it warmer and mild.
d)
It makes it cooler and polar.
153.
True/False: Warm currents bring warm water towards the poles.
a)
True
b)
False
154.
Which of the following does not affect surface currents?
a)
Density
b)
Global Winds
c)
Continental Deflection
d)
Coriolis Effect
155.
How are deep currents created?
a)
Density differences
b)
Wind
c)
From runoff and rain
d)
Continental deflections
156.
What ocean floor feature may eventually turn into a volcanic island, like Hawaii?
a)
Trench
b)
Mid-ocean ridge
c)
Rift Valley
d)
Seamount
157.
What two elements make the ocean salty?
a)
Magnesium and chlorine
b)
Chlorine and sodium
c)
Chlorine and iron
d)
Sodium and iron
158.
Where does most condensation occur?
a)
the Atmosphere
b)
the Ocean
c)
Land
d)
Rivers and Lakes
159.
Water vapor released by a plant is called
a)
Transpiration
b)
Infiltration
c)
Runoff
d)
Condensation
160.
Precipitation that flows over land into rivers, streams, and eventually into the ocean
a)
Precipitation
b)
Condensation
c)
Evaporation
d)
Runoff
161.
What stage of the water cycle forms clouds?
a)
Precipitation
b)
Evaporation
c)
Condensation
d)
Percolation
162.
This occurs when water droplets in clouds return to Earth's surface.
a)
Runoff
b)
Condensation
c)
Precipitation
d)
Evaporation
163.
What feature is B?
a)
Seamount
b)
Abyssal plain
c)
Continental shelf
d)
Volcanic Island
164.
What feature is A?
a)
Continental shelf
b)
Continental slope
c)
Trench
d)
Mid-ocean ridge
165.
What feature is E?
a)
Volcanic island
b)
Seamount
c)
Mid-ocean ridge
d)
Abyssal plain
166.
What feature is C?
a)
Abyssal plain
b)
Seamount
c)
Continental shelf
d)
Continental slope
167.
What feature is D?
a)
Trench
b)
Mid-ocean ridge
c)
Trench
d)
Continental rise
168.
What type of tide occurs during a full or new moon?
a)
Neap tide
b)
Spring tide
c)
Half tide
d)
High tide
169.
What is the main cause of tides?
a)
The gravitational pull of land on Earth
b)
The magnetic pull from the poles
c)
The gravitational pull of the moon
d)
The density differences of water 
170.
If low tide occurs at 9:00 PM, when would the next low tide occur?
a)
9:00 AM
b)
9:25 AM
c)
9:00 PM
d)
9:25 PM
171.
What moon position would make a NEAP tide?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
none of the above
172.
Ocean currents are powered by
a)
Conduction
b)
Convection
c)
Radiation
173.
The water cycle is the
a)
distribution of drinking water on Earth
b)
unending circulation of Earth's water supply
c)
recycling water for industrial use
d)
evaporation of water from Earth's surface
174.
Permeable rock layers or sediments that freely transmit groundwater are
a)
springs
b)
water tables
c)
rivers
d)
aquifers
175.
An ocean current flowing from the south pole to the equator is most likely a
a)
warm current
b)
cold current
176.
An ocean current flowing from the equator to the north pole is most likely a
a)
warm current
b)
cold current
177.
The majority of earth's fresh water is found where?
a)
in the ground
b)
in lakes and rivers
c)
in glaciers/ice
d)
on top of mountains
178.
In the ocean, how are surface currents powered?
a)
gravity
b)
density
c)
wind
d)
spinning of Earth
179.
The Global Conveyor Belt (deep water currents) are powered by which of the following?
a)
wind
b)
density
c)
heating
d)
precipitation
180.
Most of the Earth's water is in
a)
salty oceans
b)
freshwater lakes
c)
freshwater ponds
d)
glaciers
181.
Compound found in ocean water that effects salinity
a)
sodium chloride
b)
sodium
c)
chlorine
d)
density
182.
The supply of freshwater under the Earth's surface.
a)
watershed
b)
mouth
c)
headwaters
d)
groundwater
183.
On which kind of day would you expect the most evaporation from the surface of a pond?
a)
warm, sunny
b)
cold, sunny
c)
warm, rainy
d)
cold, rainy
184.
What follows evaporation during the water cycle? How does this occur?
a)
Water evaporates into water vapor
b)
Water vapor condenses and forms a  cloud
c)
Water precipitates to the ground
d)
Water runs down into the hydrosphere
185.
What is A?
a)
Evaporation
b)
Condensation
c)
Precipitation
d)
Runoff
186.
What is B?
a)
Evaporation
b)
Condensation
c)
Precipitation
d)
Runoff
187.
What is C?
a)
Evaporation
b)
Condensation
c)
Precipitation
d)
Runoff
188.
What is      D?
a)
Evaporation
b)
Condensation
c)
Precipitation
d)
Runoff
189.
Which represents the distribution of water on Earth?
a)
3% freshwater, 97% salt water
b)
97% freshwater, 3% salt water
c)
71% freshwater, 29% salt water
d)
29% freshwater, 71% salt water
190.
The amount of dissolved solids present in the water
a)
salinity
b)
chlorine
c)
nitrogen
d)
density
191.
What is C?
a)
Evaporation
b)
Condensation
c)
Precipitation
d)
Runoff
192.
What is D?
a)
Evaporation
b)
Condensation
c)
Precipitation
d)
Runoff
193.
When water _________, dew forms.
a)
Melts
b)
Evaporates
c)
Condenses
d)
Precipitates
194.
During which stage do clouds form?
a)
condensation
b)
evaporation
c)
precipitation
195.
Which stages does liquid water from the ocean turn into water vapor?
a)
condesantion
b)
evaporation
c)
precipitation
d)
run off
196.
Which stage does ground water try to return to the ocean or soak into the ground?
a)
condensation
b)
evaporation
c)
precipitation
d)
run off
197.
How do waves form? 
a)
Wind blowing across the surface
b)
Time wind blows
c)
Strength of the wind 
d)
Wind when blows upwards off the water
198.
What is the name of the largest and most powerful surface current in the North Atlantic Ocean? 
a)
Gulf of Mexico 
b)
Pacific Steam 
c)
Gulf Stream
d)
Atlantic Ocean steam 
199.
Surface currents are a result of
a)
Global Wind Patterns
b)
Earth's Rotation
c)
Density
d)
All of the above
200.
Deep Ocean currents are a result of
a)
Global Wind Patterns
b)
Earth's Rotation
c)
Density
d)
All of the above
201.
The Gulf stream carries _____________ water from the east coast of The United States to the West coast of Europe.
a)
Cold
b)
Warm 
c)
Freezing
d)
Fresh
202.
As you go deeper in the ocean, the water is colder and less salty.
a)
True
b)
False
203.
Warm ocean currents generally come from
a)
The North Pole
b)
The South Pole
c)
The Equator
d)
Both A and B
204.
Two types of water currents are
a)
local and global
b)
sea and land
c)
surface and deep
d)
warm and cold
205.
Which source of freshwater is not easily available for human use?
a)
oceans
b)
freshwater lakes
c)
rivers
d)
icecaps/glaciers
206.
When take shorter showers, you are conserving
a)
electricity
b)
water 
c)
soap
207.
Turning off the water while brushing your teeth is water conservation
a)
True
b)
FAlse
208.
When oil, antifreeze, pesticides are poured on the ground, they are harmful because they  _______ the groundwater. 
a)
freeze
b)
help
c)
pollute
d)
clean
209.
_________ can be polluted by agricultural wastes, including animal wastes, fertilizers, and pesticides.
a)
Groundwater
b)
Homes
c)
Classrooms
d)
Municipal sewage
210.
Washing a full load of laundry is ________________ water.
a)
conserving
b)
wasting
c)
purifying
d)
dirtying 
211.
Your beachtowel drying at the beach is an example of __________________.
a)
Transpiration
b)
Precipitation
c)
Condensation
d)
Evaporation
212.
What is the water cycle?
a)
the 3 forms of water
b)
the movement of water on, above, or below the surface of the Earth
c)
when water melts
d)
when clouds form
213.
When water evaporates, it changes into a__________?
a)
solid
b)
mixture 
c)
gas
d)
solution 
214.

______ causes surface currents.

a)

The Coriolis Effect

b)

gravity

c)

density differences

d)

wind

215.

______ causes deep ocean currents

a)

The Coriolis Effect

b)

gravity

c)

wind

d)

density differences

216.

Decreasing ocean temperature causes the density of the water to ______.

a)

decrease

b)

increase

c)

stay the same

d)

fluctuate

217.

The __________ is a surface current that flows along the eastern US and brings warm water to Europe.

a)

California Current

b)

Gulf Current

c)

North American Gyre

d)

Arctic Current

218.

________ and _______ affect the ocean's density and cause the Global Conveyor Belt to travel

a)

gravity and the Coriolis Effect

b)

temperature and salinity

c)

wind and climate

d)

temperature and the Coriolis Effect

219.
This gas makes up 21% of the atmosphere
a)
ozone
b)
oxygen
c)
nitrogen
d)
water vapor
220.
This layer of the atmosphere contains most of the ozone.
a)
troposphere
b)
thermosphere
c)
mesosphere
d)
stratosphere
221.
This gas makes up 78% of the atmosphere
a)
oxygen
b)
nitrogen
c)
ozone
d)
carbon dioxide
222.
Which of the following is the correct order of the atmosphere layers from Earth to space?
a)
troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, exosphere
b)
troposphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, exosphere, stratosphere
c)
thermosphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, troposphere, exosphere
d)
troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, exosphere, thermosphere
223.
This is the coldest layer of the atmosphere.
a)
troposphere
b)
thermosphere
c)
mesosphere
d)
stratosphere
224.
This layer is the hottest.
a)
troposphere
b)
mesosphere
c)
stratosphere
d)
thermosphere
225.
What causes the temperature to increase in the stratosphere?
a)
Nitrogen
b)
Ozone
c)
Water Vapor
d)
carbon dioxide
226.
What is O3?
a)
Oxygen
b)
Ozone
c)
Oranges
d)
Opposites
227.
As you go higher in the troposphere, the temperature _______________.
a)
decreases
b)
increases
c)
stays the same
d)
gets very hot
228.
Temperature in the stratosphere warms as altitude increases.
a)
True
b)
False