(CA), a trusted organization or company that issues digital certificates used to create digital signatures and public-private key pairs

data that has been encrypted

Data encryption standard, a popular symmetric-key encryption method that uses a 56-bit key and uses a block cipher method which breaks text into 64-bit blocks and then encrypts them

The process of decoding data that has been encrypted into a secret format

The translation of data into secret code

A piece of message transmitted over a packet-switching network

Refers to textual data in ASCII format. Plain text is the most portable format because it is supported by nearly every application on every machine

A device that forwards data packets along networks. A router is connected to at least two networks are located at gateways

Means secret writing. It is the art and science of sending secret messages and it has been used by generals and governments and everyday people practically since the invention of written language.

A cipher is _________.

A Caesar cipher is an example of a ______________________.

Variables that are declared and exist only inside a procedure or function (this is called their scope).

Encrypt the word alphabet using a Caesar cipher with a shift of 3.

The following word was encrypted using a Caesar cipher with a shift of 2: ecguct. What word is it?