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WorksheetsAP Biology Genetics Review
Total questions: 15
Worksheet time: 53mins
Suppose that in sheep, a dominant allele (B) produce black hair and a recessive allele (b) produce white hair. If you saw a black sheep, you would be able to identify
its phenotype for hair color
its genotype for hair color
the genotype of only one of its parents
the phenotype of both of its parents
A cross between two plants results in 292 tall, yellow plants and 103 short, green plants. What are the most likely genotypes of the parents?
A researcher crossed a male Drosophila melanogaster having a grey body and long wings with a female D. melanogaster having a black body and apterous wings. The following distribution of traits was observed in the offspring.
What conclusion is supported by the data?
The alleles for gray body and long wings are dominant.
The alleles for gray body and long wings are recessive.
Genes for the two traits are located on two different chromosomes, and independent assortment occurred.
Genes for the two traits are located close together on the same chromosome, and crossing over occurred between the two gene loci.
Butterflies of the genus Colias live in the Rocky Mountains, where they experience a wide range of temperatures. Different variants of a particular glycolytic enzyme in the flight muscles are optimally active at different temperatures. Within the same population, some individual butterflies fly most effectively at 29°C , while others fly most effectively at 40°C. Still others can be equally active at both temperatures.
Which of the following claims is most consistent with the observed butterfly behavior?
Butterflies that express two variants of the enzyme are active over a greater range of temperature
Butterflies that are active over a wide range of temperatures produce greater amounts of the enzyme.
Temperature has little effect on the activity of butterflies.
Butterflies that are active at warmer temperatures produce more offspring
Gregor Mendel’s pioneering genetic experiments with pea plants occurred before the discovery of the structure and function of chromosomes. Which of the following observations about inheritance in pea plants could be explained only after the discovery that genes may be linked on a chromosome?
Pea color and pea shape display independent inheritance patterns.
Offspring of a given cross show all possible combinations of traits in equal proportions.
Most offspring of a given cross have a combination of traits that is identical to that of either one parent or the other.
Recessive phenotypes can skip a generation, showing up only in the parental and F2 generations.
If 2n = 48 for a particular cell, then the chromosome number in each cell after meiosis would be
96
48
24
12
A male fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) with red eyes and long wings was mated with a female with purple eyes and vestigial wings. All of the offspring in the F1 generation had red eyes and long wings. These F1 flies were test crossed with purple-eyed, vestigial-winged flies. Their offspring, the F2 generation, appeared as indicated below.
If in the F1 and F2 generations the same characteristics appeared in both males and females, it would be safe to assume that these traits for eye color and wing length are...
are sex-linked
are sex-influenced characteristics
are autosomal characteristics
follow the Mendelian rule of independent assortment
A male fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) with red eyes and long wings was mated with a female with purple eyes and vestigial wings. All of the offspring in the F1 generation had red eyes and long wings. These F1 flies were test crossed with purple-eyed, vestigial-winged flies. Their offspring, the F2 generation, appeared as indicated below.
Based on the F1 generation, what was the phenotype of the male fruit fly?
RRLL
RrLl
rrll
RRll
The pedigree of a family with a history of a particular genetic disease is shown below. Squares represent males and circles represent females. Shaded symbols represent those who have the disease.
If Individual 2 were to marry a woman with no family history of the disease, which of the following would most likely be true of their children?
All of the children would have the disease.
None of the children would have the disease
Only the sons would have the disease
All of the sons would be carriers of the disease
The pedigree of a family with a history of a particular genetic disease is shown below. Squares represent males and circles represent females. Shaded symbols represent those who have the disease
If Individual 6 marries a woman with the disease, what is the probability that their first child will have the disease?
0
25%
50%
75%
In garden peas, a single gene controls stem length. The recessive allele (t) produces short stems when homozygous. The dominant allele (T) produces long stems. A short-stemmed plant is crossed with a heterozygous long-stemmed plant. Which of the following represents the expected phenotypes of the offspring and the ratio in which they will occur?
3 long-stemmed plants: 1 short-stemmed plant
1 long-stemmed plant: 1 short-stemmed plant
1 long-stemmed plant: 3 short-stemmed plants
Long-stemmed plants only
In most vertebrates, the sperm cell normally contributes which of the following to the new organism?
Many mitochondria
Significant amounts of RNA
A haploid complement of chromosomes
Most of the cytoplasm of the zygote
The process depicted in the image above is best summarized by which of the following descriptions?
During the synthesis phase of the cell cycle, DNA molecules replicate to generate identical daughter cells
Centromeres align specific gene sequences of homologous chromosomes during mitotic divisions.
The spindle apparatus attaches at chiasma during metaphase of mitosis.
During meiosis, crossing over leads to recombination of alleles between homologous chromosomes
