This place was the new capital city of the Roman/Byzantine empire. It is located in what is now known as Istanbul, Turkey.

This emperor persecuted Christians and divided the Roman Empire into Western and Eastern halves.

This church was the world's largest building for nearly 1000 years. It was built by the Byzantine emperor, Justinian, in 537 AD at the start of the Middle Ages. Its name means "Holy Wisdom."

Her wisdom and courage are credited with saving the throne of Emperor Justinian in AD 532.

This marble temple to Athena was built on the Acropolis and overlooked the agora in Athens.

This form of government was developed in Greece when the Athenian oligarchy was forced to share its power with the common citizens who wanted their opinions to influence their government and way of life.

Ancient Greeks believed that most of their gods and goddesses lived on this mountain in northern Greece. Every four years, Greek athletes would meet at this mountain to compete in athletic games that were so important that wars were paused during this event.

This poet is credited with writing both The Iliad and The Odyssey, which are epic stories of legendary heroes.

This young Macedonian was taught an appreciation for all things Greek by his tutor, Aristotle. He is most well-known for conquering the Persian empire and spreading Greek culture all the way to the Indus Valley in India.

During the fourth and fifth centuries BC, different cultures and ideas were influencing each other. It was the time of Aristotle, Socrates, Plato, Confucius, Laozi, and the Buddha. Greek ideas blended with African and Asian traditions, and both geometry and physics were developed during this time. This blend of cultures during this time period throughout the Greek Empire is known as _______________.

This Egyptian queen strategically allied with both Julius Caesar and then Marc Antony to increase her political power and territory.

This empire controlled much of the land around the western Mediterranean Sea, including the island of Sicily near the southern tip of Italy. The three wars between this empire and Rome are called the Punic Wars. The Romans defeated the Phonecians in all three Punic Wars, which made the Roman Empire the most powerful nation in the region.

He was a Carthaginian general and is considered one of the greatest military leaders in history. He marched his army through Spain and France and over the Alps to Rome. He was defeated by the Roman general Scipio Africanus in the Battle of Zama in 202 BC.

This mountain range formed a natural barrier between northern Italy and the rest of Europe.