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Worksheets9700_2016_ON_QP_12_Bio
Total questions: 40
Worksheet time: 40mins
1. Until recently, the typical viruses known to science were 20 – 150 nm in size.
In 2003, the Mimivirus was discovered with a size of approximately 680 nm.
In 2013, the Pandoravirus was discovered which has a size of over 1000 nm.
Which viruses can be seen using both a light microscope with a maximum resolution of 0.25 μm and an electron microscope?
key: √= can be seen, x= cannot be seen
2. This electron micrograph of a section of a leaf has a magnification of × 210.
What is the actual length along the line X–Y?
2.43 μm
24.3 μm
243.0 μm
2430 μm
3. What is the correct order in which organelles function to make and secrete an enzyme?
nucleolus → ribosome → Golgi body → vesicle
nucleolus → smooth endoplasmic reticulum → lysosome → vesicle
nucleus → rough endoplasmic reticulum → Golgi body → vesicle
nucleus → smooth endoplasmic reticulum → lysosome → vesicle
4. The diagram shows a stage micrometer scale, with divisions 0.1 mm apart, viewed through an eyepiece containing a graticule.
What is the area of the field of view of the microscope at this magnification? (π = 3.14)
π × 12.5 × 12.5 = 4.9 × 102 μm2
π × 50 × 50 = 7.9 × 103 μm2
π × 125 × 125 = 4.9 × 104 μm2
π × 250 × 250 = 2.0 × 105 μm2
5. A scientist carried out an experiment to separate the organelles in an animal cell by mass.
The scientist mixed the cells with a buffer solution which had the same water potential as the cells. He then broke the cells open with a blender to release the organelles.
The extracted mixture was filtered and then spun in a centrifuge at a high speed to separate the heaviest organelle. This sank to the bottom, forming a solid pellet, 1.
The liquid above pellet 1 was poured into a clean centrifuge tube and spun in the centrifuge at a higher speed to separate the next heaviest organelle. This organelle sank to the bottom, forming a solid pellet, 2.
He repeated this procedure twice more to obtain pellet 3 and pellet 4, each containing a single organelle.
What is the function of the organelle extracted in pellet 2?
digestion of old organelles
production of ATP
production of mRNA
synthesis of protein
6. Which is a correct comparison between a typical prokaryotic cell and a typical eukaryotic cell?
7. The diagrams show four monosaccharides with the formula C6H12O6.
Which diagrams do not show glucose molecules?
1 and 2
1 and 4
2 and 3
3 and 4
8. Complete digestion of polysaccharides requires all the glycosidic bonds between the monomers to be broken.
Amylase breaks only α-1,4 glycosidic bonds.
How completely can amylase digest molecules of amylose, amylopectin or glycogen?
key: + some digestion, ++ more digestion, +++ most digestion.
9. Which statements about a triglyceride molecule are correct?
1 It always contains unsaturated hydrocarbon tails.
2 It is formed using ester bonds.
3 It does not form hydrogen bonds.
4 It contains a hydrophilic glycerol head.
1, 2 and 3
2, 3 and 4
1 and 4 only
2 and 3 only
10. The table shows some features of collagen and haemoglobin.
Which row is collagen?
11. The ring structure of sugars can also be represented as a linear structure, as shown in the diagram.
Which of the sugar molecules could be represented by this formula?
1 β-glucose
2 ribose
3 sucrose
1 and 2 only
2 and 3 only
1 only
2 only
12. What is the minimum number of carbon atoms in an amino acid?
1
2
3
4
13. HIV-1 protease is an enzyme produced by the HIV virus.
Two identical chains of 99 amino acids form the enzyme. In each chain, amino acids 25, 26 and 27 in the sequence form part of the active site.
Which orders of protein structure control the shape of the active site?
primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary
primary, secondary and tertiary only
primary and quaternary only
quaternary only
14. The graph shows the results of an investigation into the effect of amylase on starch at three different temperatures.
Which statements are correct conclusions using these results?
1 The optimum temperature is 50 °C.
2 The initial rate of reaction is highest at 70 °C.
3 The higher the temperature the more quickly the enzyme denatures.
1, 2 and 3
1 and 2 only
1 and 3 only
2 and 3 only
15. Substances called furanocoumarins are found in some fruits, where they act as inhibitors of the enzyme CYP3A4. This enzyme is needed to break down toxins in the human digestive system, so dangerous levels of these toxins may develop if these fruits are eaten.
What does this information suggest about molecules of the enzyme CYP3A4?
They lower the activation energy of the toxin breakdown process.
They show specificity for a particular substrate found in fruits.
They will change permanently when acted upon by furanocoumarin molecules.
They will resume normal activity when levels of furanocoumarins decrease.
16. Which observations support a link between active transport and ATP production?
1 Active transport occurs only in living cells.
2 The rate of active transport decreases in low oxygen concentrations.
3 Companion cells have large numbers of mitochondria.
1, 2 and 3
1 and 2 only
2 and 3 only
3 only
17. A method called freeze-fracture can be used to study the structure of cell membranes. The membrane is frozen and then split down the middle, separating the two layers of phospholipids from each other. Any proteins contained within one layer remain in that layer. Proteins which span the membrane can be found in either layer after freeze-fracture, depending on the properties of the protein.
Which statement about the results of freeze-fracture studies are correct?
1 It provides evidence for the bilayer nature of membranes.
2 It provides evidence for the arrangement of proteins.
3 It shows that the proteins in the membrane do not contribute to its strength.
1, 2 and 3
1 and 2 only
2 and 3 only
1 only
18. The stalk of a dandelion flower is a hollow tube. Pieces of the stalk are cut as shown and placed in sucrose solutions of different water potentials.
Which diagram shows the piece that is placed in the sucrose solution with the highest water potential?
19. Three of the molecules found in prokaryotes are listed below.
1 phospholipid
2 protein
3 peptidoglycan
Which of these molecules are found in prokaryotic cell surface membranes?
1, 2 and 3
1 and 2 only
1 and 3 only
2 and 3 only
20. Which row correctly shows the behaviour of the nuclear envelope, the centrioles and the spindle during a stage of mitosis?
21. Which group of cells can all divide by mitosis?
bacterial cells, cancer cells, stem cells
bacterial cells, lymphocytes, stem cells
cancer cells, lymphocytes, red blood cells
cancer cells, lymphocytes, stem cells
22. Which row represents the correct features of the nitrogenous base cytosine? key: √= true, x= false
23. Bacteria were grown in a medium containing 15N. After several generations, all of the DNA contained 15N. Some of these bacteria were transferred to a medium containing the common isotope of nitrogen, 14N. The bacteria were allowed to divide once. The DNA of some of these bacteria was extracted and analysed. This DNA was all hybrid DNA containing equal amounts of 14N and 15N.
In another experiment, some bacteria from the medium with 15N were transferred into a medium of 14N. The bacteria were allowed to divide three times. The DNA of some of these bacteria was extracted and analysed.
What is the composition of this DNA?
24. Which processes are involved in the mass movement of water through xylem vessels?
1 hydrogen bonding between water molecules
2 cohesion between water molecules
3 adhesion between water molecules and lignin
1, 2 and 3
1 and 2 only
1 and 3 only
2 and 3 only
25. The diagrams show transverse sections of parts of a plant.
In the transverse sections, which tissues transport most mineral ions? key: √= yes, x= no.
26. Which changes to the water potential and the volume of liquid in the phloem occur when amino acids are transferred from leaves to be transported to a sink in the phloem sieve tube element?
27. External factors change the rate of transpiration, which also affects the water potential gradient of cells in the leaf.
Which combination of statements is correct?
28. The diagram shows a model to demonstrate mass flow.
In a plant, what are the structures W, X, Y and Z and what is the direction of flow of solution along W?
29. Which blood vessels carry blood into the atria of the heart?
coronary artery and pulmonary artery
pulmonary artery and vena cava
pulmonary vein and vena cava
vena cava and coronary artery
30. Which statement describes the effect of increased carbon dioxide concentration on the oxygen dissociation curve of human haemoglobin and its significance?
The curve shifts to the left allowing haemoglobin to bind more oxygen in active tissues.
The curve shifts to the left allowing haemoglobin to offload more oxygen in active tissues.
The curve shifts to the right allowing haemoglobin to bind more oxygen in active tissues.
The curve shifts to the right allowing haemoglobin to offload more oxygen in active tissues.
31. What combines with haemoglobin to form carbaminohaemoglobin?
carbon dioxide
carbon monoxide
carbonic acid
hydrogencarbonate ions
32. The graph shows the pressure in three parts of the heart during one cycle.
A
B
C
D
33. The diagram shows part of the organisation of the circulation of a mammal.
Where are both the blood pressure and speed of flow lowest?
34. A student made some labelled drawings of lung tissue using the high-power lens of a light microscope, but did not label two airways, P and Q.
The drawing of the lining layer of P showed both ciliated cells and goblet cells, whilst the drawing of the lining layer of Q showed ciliated cells but very few goblet cells.
What are airways P and Q?
35. What maintains the steep concentration gradients needed for successful gas exchange in the lungs?
1 Air flow in the alveoli is in the opposite direction to blood flow in the capillaries.
2 Blood arrives in the lungs with a lower oxygen concentration and a higher carbon
dioxide concentration than the air in the alveoli.
3 Blood is constantly flowing through and out of the lungs, bringing a fresh supply of
red blood cells.
1, 2 and 3
1 and 2 only
1 and 3 only
2 and 3 only
36. The photomicrograph shows part of the lung as seen using a light microscope.
Which row is correct for the features labelled 1, 2 and 3?
37. Which disease is not likely to be passed directly from parents to child?
cholera
malaria
sickle cell anaemia
tuberculosis
38. Why is it difficult to control the spread of measles?
1 Global air travel for commerce and tourism has increased.
2 The virus that causes measles rapidly evolves resistance to antibiotics.
3 The virus that causes measles shows great antigenic variability.
4 Civil unrest and poverty result in overcrowded living conditions.
1, 2 and 4
1, 2 and 3
1 and 4 only
4 only
39. The following are all responses made by cells of the immune system to a pathogen.
1 mitosis
2 bind to infected cell
3 produce memory cells
4 secrete antibodies
Which of the responses is correct for β-lymphocytes?
1, 2, 3 and 4
1, 2 and 4 only
1 and 3 only
2, 3 and 4 only
40. What occurs when active immunity is artificially induced?
Non-self antibodies attack self antigens.
Non-self antigens attack self antibodies.
Self antibodies attack non-self antigens.
Self antigens attack non-self antibodies.
