NEW
Font size
WorksheetsCell Organelles Review
Total questions: 20
Worksheet time: 16mins
Which of the following best describes how the central vacuole helps support the structure of a plant cell?
The central vacuole uses a network of protein fibers to support the shape of the plant cell.
When the central vacuole is empty, it expands in order to fill space and maintain the cell’s structure.
The central vacuole uses a large, rigid membrane to support the shape of the plant cell.
When the central vacuole is full of water, it applies pressure to the cell wall and maintains the shape of the cell.
A damaged cell is unable to properly modify proteins after they are synthesized, which causes the proteins to misfold.
Which of the following structures is most likely damaged in the cell?
Endoplasmic reticulum
Mitochondrion
Ribosome
Chloroplast
Phenytoin is a prescription drug that is used to treat patients with epilepsy. A side effect of phenytoin is that it can be toxic to mitochondria.
Which of the following processes will be most immediately disrupted by this side effect?
Protein synthesis
Lysosome synthesis
Lipid synthesis
ATP synthesis
Wolman disease affects lysosomal function and results in the accumulation of lipids in the liver, spleen, intestines, adrenal glands, and lymph nodes.
Which of the following best explains why excess lipids accumulate in individuals with Wolman disease?
The lysosomes allow excess lipids to enter the cell through endocytosis.
The lysosomes prevent lipids from entering the cell through endocytosis.
The lysosomes contain an insufficient amount of lipid-digesting enzymes.
The lysosomes accumulate extra lipid-digesting enzymes.
Eukaryotic cells contain an intricate endomembrane system that includes the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and Golgi complex. The Golgi complex and rough ER are often near each other, which is essential for their roles in the endomembrane system.
Which of the following most accurately explains why the Golgi complex is often near the rough ER?
The Golgi complex modifies lipids that have been produced by the rough ER.
The Golgi complex modifies and packages proteins that are produced in the rough ER.
The Golgi complex uses enzymes to digest misfolded proteins that are produced in the rough ER.
The Golgi complex translates proteins using instructions provided by the rough ER.
Which of the following statements about cell structures best supports the common ancestry of all living things?
All cells contain ribosomes.
All plant cells have a cell wall.
Eukaryotes have nuclei and prokaryotes do not.
Both plant and animal cells have mitochondria.
An oocyte is an immature reproductive cell found in many sexually reproducing organisms. A crawfish oocyte has a radius of approximately 1mm, while a human oocyte is much smaller and has a radius of about 0.05mm
Surface area of a sphere: A = 4πr2
Assuming both cell types are perfectly spherical, how many times larger is the surface area of a crawfish oocyte compared to the surface area of a human oocyte?
100 times larger
200 times larger
300 times larger
400 times larger
Cell X has a surface area of 60μm2 and a volume of 15μm3. Cell Y has a surface area of 36μm2 and a volume of 12μm3.
Using the information above, determine the surface-area-to-volume ratio of each cell. What is the SA:V ratio of the cell that will exchange materials with its environment at the fastest rate of diffusion?
1 μm−1
2 μm−1
3 μm−1
4 μm−1
The figure above depicts an agar cube with a side length of
13mm. In an experiment, students submerged the cube in red dye for 12 hours. The red dye permeated 1mm on each side, as indicated by the shading in the figure.
Volume of a rectangular solid: V = lwh
Calculate the volume of the agar cube that remained unpenetrated by the red dye.
1331 mm2
1728 mm2
2197 mm2
2744 mm2
The images show the 3D space-filling models of two lipids. One lipid has a straight structure and the other lipid has a kinked, or bent structure.
Which of the following best describes how kinks within lipids contribute to the fluidity of the cell membrane?
The hydrocarbon tails of unsaturated fatty acids form kinks that prevent dense packing of components within the cell membrane.
The double bonds within the glycerol portions of fatty acids form kinks that prevent dense packing of components within the cell membrane.
The double bonds within the phosphate heads of phospholipids form kinks that prevent dense packing of components within the cell membrane.
The hydrocarbon tails of saturated fatty acids form kinks that prevent dense packing of components within the cell membrane.
An embedded membrane protein spans the entire cell membrane of a single cell.
Which of the following must be true about the amino acids that make up the protein?
Amino acids with nonpolar side groups are in contact with the phosphate region of the cell membrane.
Amino acids with polar side groups are in contact with the fatty acid region of the cell membrane.
Amino acids with uncharged side groups are in contact with the phosphate region of the cell membrane.
Amino acids with charged side groups are in contact with the phosphate region of the cell membrane.
Which of the following describes how phospholipid regions are positioned in the cell membrane?
Hydrophobic fatty acid regions face each other within the exterior of the cell membrane.
Hydrophilic phosphate regions are positioned toward aqueous environments.
Hydrophilic phosphate regions face each other within the interior of the cell membrane.
Hydrophobic fatty acid regions are positioned toward aqueous environments.
Humans are made up of many types of cells, and these cells have a broad range of sizes. For example, an immune system cell called a neutrophil has a radius of approximately 4μm, while a type of connective tissue cell called a fibroblast has a radius of about 8μm.
Surface area of a sphere: A = 4πr2
Assuming both cell types are perfectly spherical, how many times larger is the surface area of a fibroblast compared to the surface area of a neutrophil?
1
2
3
4
The images below show the 3D space-filling models of two fatty acids. One fatty acid has a straight structure and the other fatty acid has a kinked, or bent structure.
Which of the following correctly describes how high levels of fatty acid structures contribute to the rigidity of the cell membrane?
The cell membrane becomes more rigid as the amount of saturated fatty acids with a straight structure increases.
The cell membrane becomes less rigid as the amount of saturated fatty acids with a straight structure increases.
The cell membrane becomes more rigid as the amount of unsaturated fatty acids with a kinked structure increases.
The cell membrane becomes less rigid as the amount of unsaturated fatty acids with a straight structure increases.
A lack of water can cause plant cells to become flaccid. This gives the plant a wilted appearance as shown in the figure below.
Which of the following cell structures is most likely responsible for the plant’s wilted appearance?
Mitochondria
Nucleus
Central vacuole
Ribosomes
The physical characteristics of a cell influence how it functions. For example, the surface area and volume of a cell affect how efficiently waste is removed from the cell via diffusion. The table shows data for four different cuboidal cells.
Surface area of a cube: A = 6s2
Volume of a cube: V = s3
Using the information from the table, what is the surface-area-to-volume ratio for the cuboidal cell that removes waste via diffusion most efficiently?
2
4
6
1
Which of the following best describes how organelles within the endomembrane system function together to transport proteins?
Contiguous intracellular membranes connect each organelle, allowing proteins to travel through the endomembrane system.
Vesicles bud off from one organelle and then fuse with others to transport proteins through the endomembrane system.
Contiguous extracellular membranes connect each organelle, allowing for proteins to travel through the endomembrane system.
Ribosomes bud off from one organelle and then fuse with others to transport proteins through the endomembrane system.
Which of the following describes how regions of phospholipids are arranged in the cell membrane?
Hydrophilic phosphate regions face each other within the interior of the cell membrane.
Hydrophilic phosphate regions are positioned toward nonpolar environments.
Hydrophobic fatty acid regions are positioned toward polar environments.
Hydrophobic fatty acid regions face each other within the interior of the cell membrane.
Several botanists are studying the effect of high temperature on chloroplast function in Arabidopsis thaliana, a species of flowering plant. The botanists find that extremely high temperatures damage the membrane of the chloroplasts. This causes the contents of the chloroplasts to leak into the cytosol, which makes them nonfunctional.
Which of the following is a likely immediate consequence of this damage?
The chloroplast cannot synthesize lipids for the cell membrane.
ATP production in the cell will decrease.
Glucose production in the cell will decrease.
The chloroplast cannot transcribe DNA for protein synthesis.
A cytologist uses a microscope to compare a human hepatocyte and a human epithelial cell. She observes that the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of the hepatocyte is larger and contains more folds than the smooth ER of the epithelial cell.
Which of the following is best supported by this observation?
The epithelial cell is able to detoxify substances more efficiently than the hepatocyte.
The hepatocyte is able to produce more proteins than the epithelial cell.
The hepatocyte is able to synthesize lipids more efficiently than the epithelial cell.
The epithelial cell is able to generate more ATP than the hepatocyte.
