Font size
WorksheetsEnrichment Module 1 - Viruses (2 of 2)
Total questions: 17
Worksheet time: 11mins
What is the full technical name of the coronavirus that causes the sickness "COVID-19"?
SARS
MERS
CoRoNaViRuS
SARS-CoV-2
What are vaccines made of?
Antibodies made from bone marrow
Live bacterial colonies
Dead or weakened virus or virus parts
Special white blood cells that are genetically engineered to attack the virus
What method did scientists use to quickly produce coronavirus proteins during the vaccination development process?
They took the virus's RNA and inserted into a bacteria cell, which used it to make more virus proteins
They took the virus's DNA and converted into RNA, which turned bacteria into a vaccine
They took red blood cells and reverse engineered them into virus parts
They used used the completed vaccine to produce new virus parts and prevent more infection
If you take DNA and strip away one of its strands, you end up with a piece of RNA. Why would scientists want to "feed" engineered mRNA to our bodies' cells to fight a virus?
When the engineered mRNA strands enter our body, they poison the virus before it can infect our cells
Our cells can use the information in the mRNA to make virus-fighting proteins (antibodies)
The mRNA strands can be used by our cells to make a web, "trapping" the virus
Our cells can consume the mRNA strands, giving them energy to electrocute the virus
Why would scientists inject antibodies from recovered people into people who might be losing their battle with the virus?
These antibodies numb the sick person's nerves so they feel less pain
These antibodies are already adapted to neutralize the virus
Antibodies from recovered people attack bacteria in the digestive track
All of these
What methods are used to create medicines against viruses?
Inject weakened or dead virus into our bodies...
Delivering mRNA "messages" to our bodies' cells...
Injecting antibodies from recovered "people" (actually, GMO mice with human genes)...
Extracting all of the Helper T Cells from an infected person's blood...
How would you model the number of viruses over time?
Linear increase (increases steadily)
Linear decrease (decreases steadily)
Exponential increase (increases faster and faster)
Exponential decay (decreases slower and slower)
Why does the number of viruses briefly decrease from time to time?
At some point during a viral infection, some of the viruses are hidden inside the host cells. During this time, it appears as though the virus population is lower
Until an infected cell lyses (bursts), it will appear to be a healthy, functioning cell. The person will have no symptoms until the viruses begin destroying his or her cells
None of these
Both of these
Sometimes when a virus enters a cell, it becomes dormant ("sleeps") for a while. Why might this make it difficult for a doctor to diagnose a viral infection?
At some point during a viral infection, some of the viruses are hidden inside the host cells. During this time, it appears as though the virus population is lower
Until an infected cell lyses (bursts), it will appear to be a healthy, functioning cell. The person will have no symptoms until the viruses begin destroying his or her cells
None of these
Both of these
AIDS is one disease caused by a virus infection. The virus attacks immune system cells known as *helper T cells*. Based on what you learned from this activity, how would you explain the data shown in this graph (3-4 sentences)?
Initial surge of helper T cells, but are slowly defeated over several years by virus.
Initial drop of helper T cells, but slowly overtake and defeat virus over several years.
The amount of HIV virus in the person slowly decreases over time.
The amount of helper T cells slowly increase over time.
Which of the following are viruses NOT able to do?
Respond to immediate changes in their environment
Grow and develop
Maintain homeostasis (body processes)
Obtain and use energy (metabolism)
Which of the following are true of viruses?
Composed of cells
Able to reproduce on their own
Able to use a host cell in order to produce more viruses
Adapt over time by natural selection
What is the lysogenic cycle?
The virus joins the host cell’s DNA. Every time the host cell divides, the virus is copied along with the host cell’s chromosomes.
The virus takes control of the cell and uses the cell’s own machines to produce many copies of the virus parts.
Both of these
None of these
How do viruses "exist" when dormant in the lysogenic cycle?
As a normal, complete structure (except they are inside of a host cell)
As a hidden protein inside the host cell
As a malicious section of genetic code in the host cell's DNA
As mutation in the shape of a bacteria cell
What is unusual about how a virus reproduces in the lysogenic cycle?
Radiation is given to the cell by the virus in exchange for producing virus parts
When the host cell divides and reproduces, the virus is also copied as a strand of genetic code buried deep in the DNA of the new cells
The DNA is copied outside of the host cell's boundaries
All of these
What is the lytic cycle?
The virus joins the host cell’s DNA. Every time the host cell divides, the virus is copied along with the host cell’s chromosomes.
The virus takes control of the cell and uses the cell’s own machines to produce many copies of the virus parts.
Both of these
None of these
Which of these virus structures attacks bacteria, and which attacks humans?
(A) and (B) both attack bacteria
(A) attacks humans, but (B) attacks bacteria
(A) and (B) both attack humans
(A) attacks bacteria, but (B) attacks humans
