WorksheetsAnimal behaviour and learning
Total questions: 26
Worksheet time: 52mins
What is learning?
A change in an organism’s behavior or thought as a result of experience
The process of responding less strongly over time to repeated stimuli
A change in a behavioral system due to only one environmental stimuli
A process of change in an organism’s behavior which they acquire through defence mechanisms
The process of responding less strongly over time to repeated stimuli is...
(a)
Which of the following are examples of habituation?
poking an animal, observing a less and less intense response after repeating the stimuli several times
an individual getting used to intensity of light
when a habit or an experience becomes more and more disruptive
while sleeping next to a snoring person for the first time may cause inconveniences, over time you won't even notice snoring any more
What is sensitization?
Opposite of habituation
For example realising that there is a time limit on the questions (you won't be able to not think of this from now on)
A decrease in responsiveness with repeated exposure to a particular eliciting stimulus
The process of responding more strongly over time to repeated stimuli
An increase in responsiveness with repeated exposure to a particular eliciting stimulus
During studying in a library you notice somebody whispering or chatting on the phone. It becomes disturbing and you simply tend to loose the focus on your study. Which behavioural mechanism is this example related to?
(a)
Offsprings following their mothers is a common example of...
habituation
learning connection
imprinting
sensitization
When does imprinting occur?
Post birth
During gestation
always within 36 hours after birth
Shortly after a young animal hatches
What kind of behaviours does imprinting involve?
habituation
learning from experience, what object to follow
observation of other species
instinct to follow moving objects
Who described imprinting first?
Ivan Pavlov
Konrad Lorenz
Ms. Harmati
Sigmund Freud
An interesting case of _____________ being used for good comes from efforts to rehabilitate the endangered whooping crane by raising chicks in captivity. Biologists dress up in full whooping crane costume while caring for the young birds, ensuring that they don't ___________ on humans but rather on the bird dummies that are part of the costume. Eventually, they teach the birds to migrate using an ultralight aircraft, preparing them for release into the wild. (source: Khan Academy)
sensitization
habituation
observation
imprinting
What are the main types of learning?
classical conditioning
error reasoning
operant conditioning
instinct behaviour
observational learning
What do we call classical conditioning?
An nonautomatic process developed in early years
The association of stimulus with involuntary response
A response already associated with one stimulus when it is associated with a second stimulus to which it had previous connection
A learning process in which an association is made between a previously positive stimulus and a stimulus that naturally doesn't evoke a response
Who was classical conditioning first described by?
Ivan Pavlov
B.F. Skinner
Carl Rogers
Leon Festinger
What causes an association in classical conditioning?
a positive stimulus
a neutral stimulus
a negative stimulus
In the classical dog experiment: When dogs see or smell food, they salivate. It is a(n) ______________ response to a(n) _______________ stimulus. Pavlov found that if he always rang a bell before presenting dogs with food, then they eventually began to salivate as soon as they heard the bell, even when there was no food around. The bell has now become a(n) ________________ stimulus, and the dogs salivate as a(n) ______________ response. (source: verywellmind.com)
unconditioned_conditioned_conditioned_unconditioned
unconditioned_unconditioned_conditioned_unconditioned
conditioned_conditioned_unconditioned_unconditioned
unconditioned_unconditioned_conditioned_conditioned
What is operant conditioning?
The association of a voluntary behaviour with a consequence
A learning process in which the probability of response occurring is increased or decreased due to reinforcement or punishment
Whenever an organism performs a behavior, it is given a reward or a punishment
It is the process during which the individual learns to associate neutral stimulus to an automatic behaviour
What kind of environmental responses can follow a behaviour?
reinforcement
neutral
punishment
True or false?
Reinforcers decrease the probability of a behaviour recurring, punishers increase the probability, and neutral operants do neither.
True
False
What kind of reinforcements did the rat receive during B. F. Skinners's experiment?
Skinner put a rat in a box with a lever. On accidentally bumping the lever, the rat discovered that it would receive a food pellet. With this _____________ reinforcement, the rat learned to keep pressing the lever. Meanwhile, Skinner put another rat in another box which had a mild electric current that caused the rat discomfort. On wandering randomly around the box, the rat randomly hit a lever, which turned the current off. The rat learned to always press the lever once inside the box. This is _____________ reinforcement, because the unpleasant stimuli was removed.
positive _ negative
negative _ positive
positive _ positive
What is the aim of punishment?
to force an individual to improve their sensibility
to cause an increase in the behavior it follows
to weaken a behaviour by linking it to an aversive consequence
to strengthen an action by reinforcing it
True or false?
Punishment can occur through the addition or removal of a stimulus.
True
False
How can a behaviour be extinguished post operant conditioning?
If the punishment is no longer present.
If the individual is not given the reward, it will keep trying, but soon will give up.
If the opposite reinforcement is being applied.
A behaviour can be learned and unlearned at different rates with different schedules of reinforcement. Which types of reinforcements result in the slowest extinctions? (source: Neural Academy - youtube)
continuous reinforcement
fixed ratio reinforcement
fixed interval reinforcement
variable ratio reinforcement
variable interval reinforcement
What kind of learnt behaviour is the following example?
You go to the doctor to get an injection. The doctor says, "Don't worry , this won't hurt a bit", and then gives you the most painful injection you've ever had. A few weeks later you go to the dentist for a check-up. He starts to put a mirror in your mouth to examine your teeth, and says, "Don't worry , this won't hurt a bit." Even though you know the mirror won't hurt, you jump out of the chair. (source: TED-Ed)
operant conditioning
classical conditioning
habituation
sensitization
(related to the previous example of classical conditioning in action)
When you went to get an injection, the words, "This won't hurt a bit", became a conditioned stimulus, when they were paired with an unconditioned stimulus, _______________________ , which was followed by your conditioned response, of getting out of there.
the pain of the words
the situation at the doctor's
the pain of the injection
the fear of the injection
Tell me something you learnt from this Quizizz!
Thank you for your attention!
