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Ecology Unit

Total questions: 25

Worksheet time: 6hrs 15mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which of the following best defines an ecosystem?

a)

a group of species living in a given area

b)

all of the living and nonliving factors in an environment

c)

all of the species living in a given area

d)

the regions on Earth that can support life

2.

Which of the following is an abiotic factor?

a)

wind

b)

mushroom

c)

honey bee

d)

pollen

3.

Which ecological level consists of a group of one species living in a given area?

a)

a biosphere

b)

a community

c)

a population

d)

an ecosystem

4.

Which of the following is an abiotic factor?

a)

temperature

b)

mold

c)

pine tree

d)

wolf

5.

A population of squirrels eats acorns from local oak trees. In some years, oak trees produce much greater numbers of acorns than usual. Which of the following is the most direct effect of an increase of acorns on the squirrel population?

a)

the population size increases

b)

the population expands its territory into new habitats

c)

the population size decreases due to competition

d)

the population has fewer predators

6.

Which of the following factors can be representative of a population near carrying capacity?

a)

an increase in younger population members

b)

an increase in resource competition

c)

an increased ratio of birth rate to death rate

d)

an increase in offspring survival rate

7.

An isolated bird population on a remote island remains at a relatively constant size year after year. Which of the following most likely describes the birthrate and death rate for the population?

a)

Birthrate and death rate are both zero

b)

Birthrate is significantly lower than death rate

c)

Birthrate is significantly greater than death rate

d)

Birthrate and death rate are closer to equal

8.

Which of the following statements correctly describes the full value of a keystone species on its ecological community?

a)

they are superior predators that displace inferior competitors

b)

the are non-native organisms that can damage the ecosystem, so removing them increases biodiversity

c)

they have a disproportionate effect relative to their frequency in the population, so the ecosystem often collapses whey they are removed

d)

they are the largest species in a community and consume more than the others

9.

A volcanic eruption makes a local island completely devoid of life. Over the next few years, some small lichens (very small plants) began to colonize the remaining rock and soil. This is an example of which of the following?

a)

climax community

b)

secondary succession

c)

natural selection

d)

primary succession

10.

A seal and a shark eat the same kind of fish. What ecological interaction describes the relationship between them?

a)

competition

b)

predation

c)

commensalism

d)

mutualism

11.

A tapeworm lives inside the digestive tracts of a sheep and feed on the nutrients of the food the sheep eats. What type of ecological interaction does the tapeworm have with the sheep?

a)

commensalism

b)

herbivory

c)

parasitism

d)

mutualism

12.

What is best represented by the letter K?

a)

average life span of a species

b)

extinction

c)

carrying capacity

d)

biodiversity level of the habitat

13.

A population of deer has access to abundant, but limited resources. As the deer population increases in size, how will its growth rate affect its population density?

a)

population density increases until resource limits are met

b)

population density decreases

c)

population density remains constant

d)

population density grows indefinitely

14.

What would be the most likely effect if several species of carnivores are removed from an ecosystem?

a)

a decrease in community stability

b)

an increase in plant life

c)

a decrease in the number of natural disasters

d)

an increase in species diversity

15.

What is true regarding keystone species?

a)

they are non-native species that displaces native organisms

b)

the decrease biodiversity within an ecosystem

c)

they always have the largest number of organisms in an environment

d)

they promote stability in an ecosystem

16.

A food chain is represented below.

Phytoplankton -->Krill--> Mackerel--> Sea Gull

Which organisms in the food chain is a primary consumer?

a)

sea gull

b)

phytoplankton

c)

krill

d)

mackerel

17.

In which level of the energy pyramid are herbivores found?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

18.

In this example of a small food web, how many apex predators are there?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

19.

Which of the following is true of the biogeochemical cycles?

a)

they increase the total amount of matter over time

b)

they can be affected by human activity

c)

they ensure that nutrients are only used once by organisms

d)

they create new atoms to replace lost ones

20.

In which stage of the nitrogen cycle is atmospheric nitrogen converted into biologically usable forms?

a)

nitrogen fixation

b)

cellular respiration

c)

precipitation

d)

carbon fixation

21.

Which of the following is NOT a process that drives the carbon cycle?

a)

ammonification

b)

cellular respiration

c)

decomposition

d)

combustion

22.

What do biogeochemical cycle represent?

a)

how biotic changes destroy unstable ecosystems

b)

how the adaptations of organisms change based on environmental pressures

c)

how certain nutrients move through the environment and are continually used and recycled

d)

how energy moves through trophic levels of an ecosystem

23.

With the development of air flight and mass transit, humans are able to move very rapidly around the world. Which of the following is a possible consequence of increased human travel?

a)

exotic species are introduced to new area where they compete with native species

b)

carbon emissions are reduced when using airplanes

c)

diseases are isolated to certain areas of the globe

d)

fewer habitats are exploited due to improved tourism

24.

Which human activity would have the largest negative effect on biodiversity?

a)

regulating industrial pollution

b)

passing legislation to protect an endangered species

c)

developing wildlife sanctuaries

d)

reproducing at an uncontrolled rate

25.

Which of the following human actions could have a positive impact on local ecosystems?

a)

clearing forests to make way for new farms

b)

using renewable resources

c)

producing waste during technology development

d)

increasing the use of pesticides to protect crops