A (a)   is an agent that causes disease – either a microorganism (bacteria, protist, fungi or parasite), virus

Non-specific immune cells called (a)   engulf pathogens non-selectively and break them down internally

Most of the clones of B lymphocytes develop into short-lived (a)   cells that produce large quantities of specific antibody

A small proportion of clones of B lymphocytes differentiate into long-lived (a)   cells that function to provide long-term immunity

Antibodies aid in the destruction of pathogens by a number of different mechanisms. For instance; Cellular pathogens become clumped for easier removal. This is called as A (a)   n

Antibodies aid in the destruction of pathogens by a number of different mechanisms. For instance; (a)   proteins perforate membranes (cell lysis)

When a specific B cell first encounters an allergen, it differentiates into plasma cells and makes large quantities of antibody (IgE) The IgE antibodies attach to (a)   cells

Upon re-exposure to the allergen, the IgE-primed mast cells release large amounts of (a)   which causes inflammation

(a)   was the first infectious disease of humans to have been eradicated via vaccination

(a)   antibodies are antibodies artificially derived from a single B cell clone (i.e. identical specific antibodies)