An alpha hydroxy acid used in exfoliation and to lower the pH of products.

A measure of the acidity and alkalinity of a substance; the pH scale has a range of 0 to 14, with 7 being neutral. A pH below 7 is an acidic solution; a pH above 7 is an alkaline solution.

Multiples of 10.

Substance that releases oxygen.

Subatomic particles with no charge.

The abbreviation used for potential hydrogen, represents the quantity of hydrogen ions.

The study of substances that contain the element carbon.

A chemical combination of two or more atoms in definite (fixed) proportions.

Any substance that occupies space and has mass (weight).

Having an affinity for or an attraction to fat and oils (oil-loving).

A chemical reaction that combines a substance with oxygen to produce an oxide.

Liquids that are mutually soluble, meaning that they can be mixed together to form stable solutions.

An atom or molecule that carries an electrical charge.

Liquids that are not capable of being mixed together to form stable solutions.

Sweet, colorless, oily substance used as a solvent and as a moisturizer in skin and body creams.

Also known as redox; a chemical reaction in which the oxidizing agent is reduced (by losing oxygen) and the reducing agent is oxidized (by gaining oxygen).

The separation of an atom or molecule into positive and negative ions.

Abbreviated O/W emulsion; oil droplets emulsified in water.

The study of substances that do not contain the element carbon, but may contain the element hydrogen.