WorksheetsExcretory System - Urinary System
Total questions: 19
Worksheet time: 2hrs 15mins
Which of the following is NOT considered to be a process that eliminates metabolic waste products?
a. lungs exhaling carbon dioxide
b. elimination of solid wastes (feces) from the digestive system
c. removal of nitrogenous wastes in urine
d. excretion of urea in perspiration
Which row below includes a structure that is mismatched to its function?
Structure #1 - production of urine
Structure #2 - transport of urine
Structure #3 - absorption of urine
Structure #4 - passage of urine to the environment
The structure that provides a common opening for both the excretory and reproductive systems in males is labelled number ____ in the diagram above.
1
2
3
4
Urine is produced from blood that enters the kidney through the
a. renal artery.
b. renal vein.
c. coronary artery.
d. inferior vena cava.
Identify the row below that correctly identifies the number and name of the structure into which the filtrate first passes.
8- glomerulus
7 - proximal tubule
2 - renal artery
1 - Bowman’s capsule
Identify the row below that correctly identifies the number and the name of the structure that carries urine into the renal pelvis.
13 - collecting duct
4 - loop of Henley
3 - renal vein
11 - renal cortex
Tubular secretion of glucose from the glomerular filtrate into the capillary bed surrounding the nephron occurs in which of the following?
a. distal tubule
b. glomerular capsule
c. proximal tubule
d. loop of Henley
The high level of Na+ ions in the tissues of the renal medulla is primarily the result of active transport of Na+ ions out of which of the following?
5- descending loop of Henley
6 - ascending loop of Henley
13 - collecting duct
7 - proximal tubule
Some of the steps in urine formation are listed below:
1. tubular secretion
2. tubular reabsorption
3. filtration
4. excretion of urine
The order that these events occur in the kidney is _____, _____, _____, and _____. (enter the numbers, no spaces, no commas)
(a)
The excretion of concentrated (hypertonic) urine in humans is associated primarily with the action of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and the following structure(s):
a. glomerular capsule and proximal tubule.
b. proximal tubule only.
c. the descending loop of Henle and the collecting duct.
d. the distal tubule and the collecting duct.
13. Which of the following materials would not normally be found in glomerular filtrate?
a. water
b. protein
c. urea
d. glucose
By which transport process are most molecules secreted from the blood into the distal tubule?
a. osmosis
b. diffusion
c. active transport
d. passive transport
Which of the following statements is CORRECT?
a. Glucose is the only component of the filtrate to be completely reabsorbed and returned to the cardiovascular system.
b. Uric acid is the most abundant component found in the urine.
c. Glomerular filtrate can be described as plasma without the proteins.
d. Most of the urea found in the filtrate is reabsorbed and returned to the cardiovascular system.
The two components listed above that are completely reabsorbed from the glomerular filtrate before it becomes urine are
a. urea and uric acid.
b. proteins and amino acids.
c. glucose and amino acids.
d. urea and glucose.
Identify the statement that explains the homeostatic response of an adult body that is well-hydrated.
osmoreceptors stimulate the release of ADH ... then the collecting duct becomes more permeable to water
osmoreceptors stimulate the release of ADH ... then the collecting duct becomes less permeable to water
osmoreceptors inhibit the release of ADH ... then the collecting duct becomes more permeable to water
osmoreceptors inhibit the release of ADH ... then the collecting duct becomes less permeable to water
Renal Insufficiency
A person with renal insufficiency is likely to undergo the treatment described below.
“In this treatment, a catheter (flexible tube) is surgically inserted into the abdominal cavity and dialysate may be delivered, removed, and replaced. Because the dialysate is always present, the blood is continuously filtered.”
This treatment is called
a. kidney transplant.
b. peritoneal dialysis.
c. hemodialysis.
d. ultrasound technology.
Glomerular diseases, such as glomerulonephritis, result in damage to the glomeruli in the nephrons of the kidney.
Signs and symptoms of glomerulonephritis may depend on whether one has the acute or chronic form, and the cause. The first indication that something is wrong may come from symptoms or from the results of a routine urinalysis. Signs and symptoms may include:
· cola-coloured or diluted iced-tea-coloured urine from red blood cells in the urine (hematuria)
· foam in the toilet water from protein in the urine (proteinuria)
· high blood pressure (hypertension)
· fluid retention (edema) with swelling evident in the face, hands, feet, and abdomen
· fatigue from anemia or kidney failure
· less frequent urination than usual
Explain how glomerular disease (glomerulonephritis) can result in high blood pressure and why high blood pressure can do further damage to the kidneys. (3 marks)
Glomerular diseases, such as glomerulonephritis, result in damage to the glomeruli in the nephrons of the kidney.
Signs and symptoms of glomerulonephritis may depend on whether one has the acute or chronic form, and the cause. The first indication that something is wrong may come from symptoms or from the results of a routine urinalysis. Signs and symptoms may include:
· cola-coloured or diluted iced-tea-coloured urine from red blood cells in the urine (hematuria)
· foam in the toilet water from protein in the urine (proteinuria)
· high blood pressure (hypertension)
· fluid retention (edema) with swelling evident in the face, hands, feet, and abdomen
· fatigue from anemia or kidney failure
· less frequent urination than usual
Explain why the urine of a healthy person does not contain protein or red blood cells, and describe how protein and red blood cells enter the urine of a person who has glomerulonephritis. (4 marks)
Explain how the hormone aldosterone raises blood pressure. (3 marks)
