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Worksheets

Learning and Memory

Total questions: 35

Worksheet time: 32mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Pavlov's experiments with dogs yielded information about which of the following?

a)

operant conditioning

b)

classical conditioning

c)

counterconditioning

d)

latent learning

2.

Which of the following best describes a neutral stimulus?

a)

stimulus that causes an automatic response

b)

stimulus that does not cause a response

c)

stimulus that has been learned

d)

stimulus that is conditioned

3.

What is the process by which a stimulus increases the chances of a preceding behavior occurring again?

a)

reinforcement

b)

flooding

c)

extinction

d)

systematic desensitization

4.

On what kind of a reinforcement schedule does a slot machine work?

a)

variable-ratio schedule

b)

fixed-ratio schedule

c)

variable-interval schedule

d)

fixed-interval schedule

5.

Computers and people both handle information using which processes?

a)

implicit, semantic, and episodic memories

b)

maintenance and elaborative rehearsals

c)

sensory, short term, and long term memories

d)

encoding, storage, and retrieval

6.

Which is the easiest of the three basic memory tasks?

a)

recall

b)

recognition

c)

relearning

d)

chunking

7.

Which of the following best describes chunking?

a)

replacing what is already stored with new information

b)

organizing items into familiar or manageable units

c)

fading of memory in bits and pieces.

d)

recalling the last items in a series

8.

A stimulus that causes an automatic response

a)

conditioned stimulus

b)

unconditioned stimulus

c)

discrimination

d)

operant conditioning

9.

We can more easily remember bits of information by organizing them into mental representations of the world called

a)

icons

b)

echoes

c)

mnemonic devices

d)

schemas

10.

Primary and secondary reinforcers are important in

a)

operant conditioning

b)

classical conditioning

c)

taste aversion

d)

discrimination

11.

In Watson and Rayner's experiment "Little Albert" began to fear all objects that were white and furry because of

a)

discrimination

b)

systematic desentization

c)

generalization

d)

all of the above

12.

Learning is best defined as

a)

the process of converting environmental energy into neural activity

b)

a relatively permanent change in behavior due to experience

c)

the natural changes that unfold in a fixed sequence, relatively independent of the environemnt

d)

an awareness of the outside world and of your thoughts, feelings, and behaviors

13.

After Maria drank coffee for the first time, she felt more awake. She then began to drink coffee every morning. Now when she smells coffee, she feels more awake. To Maria, feeling more awake after just smelling coffee is ______.

a)

a conditioned stimulus

b)

a conditioned response

c)

an unconditioned stimulus

d)

an unconditioned response

14.

Which of the following behaviors is most likely to have been acquired through the process of classical conditioning?

a)

blinking when a light shines in your eyes

b)

falling off your bicycle

c)

wincing when you hear the sound of a dentist's drill

d)

sneezing when an irritant enters your nasal cavity

15.
Which brain part is responsible for facilitating explicit memories?
a)
brain stem
b)
cerebellum
c)
amygdala
d)
hippocampus
16.
The process of getting the information back out of memory storage.
a)
encoding
b)
storage
c)
retrieval
d)
Next-in-line-effect
17.
Information can be held in this storage bank for around 30 seconds with out rehearsal.
a)
short-term memory
b)
long-term memory
c)
sensory memory
d)
visual encoding
18.
Using the the acronym Roy G. Biv to studying the colors of the rainbow. This is a good example of 
a)
mnemonic
b)
spacing effect
c)
visual encoding
d)
acoustic encoding
19.
The human capacity for storing long-term memories is
a)
roughly equal to seven units of information
b)
enhanced through hypnosis
c)
essentially unlimited
d)
typically much greater in young children than in adults
20.
The magical number seven, plus or minus two” refers to the storage capacity of ________ memory
a)
explicit   
b)
short-term   
c)
implicit   
d)
sensory
21.
The loss of memories for events that occurred prior to the onset of amnesia is called
a)
Anterograde amnesia
b)
Amnesia
c)
Long-term potentiation
d)
Short-Term Potentiation
22.
Proper nutrition and adequate sleep are also essential to learning. 
a)
True 
b)
False
23.
Lim noticed that whenever he moved his dog's food dish, his dog would come into the kitchen & act hungry & excited. He reasoned that because he feeds the dog using that dish, the sound of the dish had become a(n)
a)
UCS
b)
CS
c)
UCR
d)
CR
24.
Ever since se was scared by a dog as a young child, Lina has been afraid of all dogs. The fact that she is not only afraid of the original dog but all types of dogs is an example of 
a)
extinction 
b)
spontaneous recovery 
c)
stimulus discrimination 
d)
stimulus generalization 
25.
In Watson's experiment with 'Little Albert', the CS was 
a)
the white rat 
b)
the loud noise 
c)
the fear of the rat 
d)
the fear of the noise 
26.
Joe owned a small repair shop. Each day he would check the mail to see if any of his customers mailed in a payment for the work he had done for them. Some days, he would receive a cheque or two. at other times he would have to wait days before getting another payment. what schedule of reinforcement is here?
a)
fixed interval 
b)
fixed ratio 
c)
variable interval 
d)
variable ratio 
27.
recollecting his childhood experience of filling, Amin is terrified of a visit to the dentist. such phobia is an example of a 
a)
conditioned emotional response 
b)
vicarious conditioning 
c)
higher-order conditioning 
d)
spontaneous recovery 
28.
Ben gets paid every 2 weeks. in one 2-week period, he works a total of 20 hours. during another 2-week period, he worked a total of 50 hours. regardless of the total number of hours he works each week, he is paid every 2 weeks. what schedule is being used?
a)
fixed ratio 
b)
variable ratio 
c)
fixed interval 
d)
variable interval 
29.

The transforming of information so the nervous system can process it

a)

retrieval

b)

storage

c)

encoding

d)

confabulation

30.

If you recite the rhyme "Thirty days has September, April, June, and November" to remember the number of days in each month, you are using a(n)

a)

mental picture.

b)

mnemonic device.

c)

schema.

d)

mental picture.

31.

In Pavlov's classical conditioning study, the neutral stimulus that was presented to the dog was ________.

a)

the meat powder

b)

the apparatus

c)

a bell sound

d)

an electric shock

32.

In Pavlov's classical conditioning experiment, he called the kind of learning he observed the ________.

a)

conditioning of behaviors

b)

conditioning of habits

c)

conditioning of stimuli

d)

conditioning of reflexes

33.

When being photographed, Maria used to blink whenever the flash went off. Now, Maria starts blinking every time she is photographed, even before the camera's flash goes off. To Maria, the camera has become a(n) ________.

a)

unconditioned stimulus (UCS)

b)

unconditioned response (UR)

c)

conditioned stimulus (CS)

d)

conditioned response (CR)

34.

Spontaneous recovery occurs when a(n) ________.

a)

unconditioned stimulus (UCS) that has been removed is introduced once again

b)

unconditioned response (UCR) that has been extinguished suddenly reappears

c)

conditioned response (CR) that has been extinguished suddenly reappears

d)

conditioned stimulus (CS) that has been removed is introduced once again

35.

Nathan, a teenager, learns how to change the tires of his bike by watching his father do it. This is an example of ________.

a)

observational learning

b)

latent learning

c)

traditional conditioning

d)

operant conditioning

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