True or False: In 1871 German chancellor Otto von Bismarck began a program of persecution against Catholics that became known as the Kulturkampf, or "conflict of cultures."

True or False: In 1811, even while being held captive by Napoleon, Pope Pius VII elevated Isaac Thomas Hecker from bishop to archbishop of Baltimore

True or False: Saint Frances Xavier Cabrini founded the Missionaries of the Sacred Heart of Jesus in Italy in 1880.

True or False: By 1850, there were 2 million Catholics in the United States, and Catholics had become the second largest single religious group in the country.

True or False: After losing the last of his worldly power to invading Italian troops, Pope PIus IX shut himself within the walls of the Vatican and called himself the "prisoner of the Vatican."

The first great Catholic social justice encyclical, Rerum Novarum ("Of New Things") was issued in 1891 by Pope ____________.

The Society of St. Francis de Sales, also known as the Salesians, was started in Italy in 1859 by:

Pope __________ declared that children should receive their First Holy Communion as soon as they were old enough to understand that Christ is truly present in the Eucharist.

The Sisters of the Blessed Sacrament were founded in the United States in 1891 by:

Pope Pius X called for reforms in the Church's liturgy and encouraged the revival of:

Who was the first bishop of Charleston, South Carolina who opened a school for free African American children and arranged for the religious instruction of slaves?

in 1954, which pope was named a saint-the first canonized pope since Saint PIus V in 1712?