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Boost your Vocabulary Cambridge 11 - Test 1 - Passage 03

Total questions: 37

Worksheet time: 28mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which word is a synonym for volume in this sentence:

Such is our dependence on fossil fuels, and such is the volume of carbon dioxide already released into the atmosphere, that many experts agree that significant global warming is now inevitable.

a)

evolution

b)

capacity

c)

traverse

d)

crisis

2.

Which word is a synonym for inevitable in this sentence:

Such is our dependence on fossil fuels, and such is the volume of carbon dioxide already released into the atmosphere, that many experts agree that significant global warming is now inevitable.

a)

sustained

b)

potential

c)

separates

d)

unavoidable

3.

Which word is a synonym for reasonable in this sentence:

They believe that the best we can do is keep it at a reasonable level, and at present the only serious option for doing this is cutting back on our carbon emissions.

a)

unalterable

b)

statistical

c)

acceptable

d)

crucial

4.

Which word is a synonym for emissions in this sentence:

They believe that the best we can do is keep it at a reasonable level, and at present the only serious option for doing this is cutting back on our carbon emissions.

a)

discharge

b)

motivation

c)

element

d)

craft

5.

Which word is a synonym for stride in this sentence:

But while a few countries are making major strides in this regard, the majority are having great difficulty even stemming the rate of increase, let alone reversing it.

a)

convention

b)

suspense

c)

reflection

d)

development

6.

Which word is a synonym for stem in this sentence:

But while a few countries are making major strides in this regard, the majority are having great difficulty even stemming the rate of increase, let alone reversing it.

a)

gadget

b)

stop

c)

gain

d)

ascent

7.

Which word is a synonym for intentional in this sentence:

Consequently, an increasing number of scientists are beginning to explore the alternative of geo-engineering - a term which generally refers to the intentional large-scale manipulation of the environment.

a)

planed

b)

exertion

c)

absence

d)

stewards

8.

Which word is a synonym for proponent in this sentence:

According to its proponents, geo-engineering is the equivalent of a backup generator: if Plan A - reducing our dependency on fossil fuels - fails, we require a Plan B, employing grand schemes to slow down or reverse the process of global warming.

a)

doodles

b)

advocate

c)

inclination

d)

appreciation

9.

Which word is a synonym for equivalent in this sentence:

According to its proponents, geo-engineering is the equivalent of a backup generator: if Plan A - reducing our dependency on fossil fuels - fails, we require a Plan B, employing grand schemes to slow down or reverse the process of global warming.

a)

responsible

b)

pleasurable

c)

similar

d)

exotic

10.

Which word is a synonym for deposit in this sentence:

For decades, MayDay parades in Moscow have taken place under clear blue skies, aircraft having deposited dry ice, silver iodide and cement powder to disperse clouds.

a)

reveal

b)

put down

c)

seek

d)

appreciate

11.

Which word is a synonym for eye-catching in this sentence:

The most eye-catching idea of all is suggested by Professor Roger Angel of the University of Arizona.

a)

unanticipated

b)

noticeable

c)

potential

d)

precise

12.

Which word is a synonym for employ in this sentence:

His scheme would employ up to 16 trillion minute spacecraft, each weighing about one gram, to form a transparent, sunlight-refracting sunshade in an orbit 1.5 million km above the Earth.

a)

use

b)

reunite

c)

determine

d)

occur

13.

Which word is a synonym for minute in this sentence:

His scheme would employ up to 16 trillion minute spacecraft, each weighing about one gram, to form a transparent, sunlight-refracting sunshade in an orbit 1.5 million km above the Earth.

a)

craft

b)

mothering

c)

trailblazer

d)

small

14.

Which word is a synonym for transparent in this sentence:

His scheme would employ up to 16 trillion minute spacecraft, each weighing about one gram, to form a transparent, sunlight-refracting sunshade in an orbit 1.5 million km above the Earth.

a)

subtle

b)

clear

c)

frenetic

d)

noticeable

15.

Which word is a synonym for stimulate in this sentence:

The majority of geo-engineering projects so far carried out - which include planting forests in deserts and depositing iron in the ocean to stimulate the growth of algae - have focused on achieving a general cooling of the Earth.

a)

disclose

b)

convey

c)

penetrate

d)

promote

16.

Which word is a synonym for replenish in this sentence:

The reasoning is that if you replenish the ice sheets and frozen waters of the high latitudes, more light will be reflected back into space, so reducing the warming of the oceans and atmosphere.

a)

refill

b)

submit

c)

interrupt

d)

unravel

17.

Which word is a synonym for propose in this sentence:

The concept of releasing aerosol sprays into the stratosphere above the Arctic has been proposed by several scientists.

a)

elevate

b)

displace

c)

suggest

d)

attach

18.

Which word is a synonym for explosion in this sentence:

The idea is modelled on historic volcanic explosions, such as that of Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines in 1991, which led to a short-term cooling of global temperatures by 0.5 °C.

a)

scrutiny

b)

bang

c)

inclination

d)

appreciation

19.

Which word is a synonym for scrutinise in this sentence:

Scientists have also scrutinised whether it's possible to preserve the ice sheets of Greenland with reinforced high-tension cables, preventing icebergs from moving into the sea.

a)

examine

b)

wonder

c)

settle

d)

evaluate

20.

Which word is a synonym for preserve in this sentence:

Scientists have also scrutinised whether it's possible to preserve the ice sheets of Greenland with reinforced high-tension cables, preventing icebergs from moving into the sea.

a)

attribute

b)

sharpen

c)

assume

d)

protect

21.

Which word is a synonym for reinforce in this sentence:

Scientists have also scrutinised whether it's possible to preserve the ice sheets of Greenland with reinforced high-tension cables, preventing icebergs from moving into the sea.

a)

occur

b)

strengthen

c)

remarkable

d)

pinpoint

22.

Which word is a synonym for high-tension in this sentence:

Scientists have also scrutinised whether it's possible to preserve the ice sheets of Greenland with reinforced high-tension cables, preventing icebergs from moving into the sea.

a)

tight

b)

unalterable

c)

reflective

d)

balanced

23.

Which word is a synonym for shed in this sentence:

Whereas the regions native evergreen pines shade the snow an absorb radiation, birches would shed their leaves in winter, thus enabling radiation to be reflected by the snow.

a)

convince

b)

merge

c)

lose

d)

engage

24.

Which word is a synonym for cautious in this sentence:

Generally speaking, those who are most cautious about geo-engineering are the scientists involved in the research.

a)

careful

b)

appropriate

c)

subtle

d)

foremost

25.

Which word is a synonym for substitute in this sentence:

Angel says that his plan is 'no substitute for developing renewable energy: the only permanent solution'.

a)

motion

b)

instrument

c)

alternate

d)

accomplishment

26.

Which word is a synonym for permanent in this sentence:

Angel says that his plan is 'no substitute for developing renewable energy: the only permanent solution'.

a)

everlasting

b)

subtle

c)

deceptive

d)

components

27.

Which word is a synonym for guard in this sentence:

And Dr Phil Rasch of the US-based Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is equally guarded about the role of geo-engineering: 'I think all of us agree that if we were to end geo-engineering on a given day, then the planet would return to its pre-engineered condition very rapidly, and probably within ten to twenty years.

a)

recaptured

b)

absence

c)

defend

d)

sleek

28.

Which word is a synonym for inject in this sentence:

The US National Center for Atmospheric Research has already suggested that the proposal to inject sulphur into the atmosphere might affect rainfall patterns across the tropics and the Southern Ocean.

a)

traverse

b)

fatten

c)

sensitive

d)

insert

29.

Which word is a synonym for distribution in this sentence:

'But all the models suggest some impact on the distribution of precipitation.'

a)

extent

b)

spreading

c)

threatening

d)

fascinating

30.

Which word is a synonym for precipitation in this sentence:

'But all the models suggest some impact on the distribution of precipitation.'

a)

rainfall

b)

motivation

c)

reflection

d)

suspense

31.

Which word is a synonym for overshoot in this sentence:

A further risk with geo-engineering projects is that you can "overshoot Y says Dr Dan Hunt, from the University of Bristol's School of Geophysical Sciences, who has studied the likely impacts of the sunshade and aerosol schemes on the climate.

a)

foster

b)

indicate

c)

opt

d)

exceed

32.

Which word is a synonym for impacts in this sentence:

A further risk with geo-engineering projects is that you can "overshoot Y says Dr Dan Hunt, from the University of Bristol's School of Geophysical Sciences, who has studied the likely impacts of the sunshade and aerosol schemes on the climate.

a)

craftsman

b)

homage

c)

advent

d)

effect

33.

Which word is a synonym for faith in this sentence:

The main reason why geo-engineering is supported by many in the scientific community is that most researchers have little faith in the ability of politicians to agree - and then bring in - the necessary carbon cuts.

a)

boredom

b)

belief

c)

motion

d)

exertion

34.

Which word is a synonym for conservation in this sentence:

Even leading conservation organisations see the value of investigating the potential of geo-engineering.

a)

exertion

b)

documentation

c)

preservation

d)

contraption

35.

Which word is a synonym for exclude in this sentence:

According to Dr Martin Sommerkorn, climate change advisor for the World Wildlife Fund's International Arctic Programme, 'Human-induced climate change has brought humanity to a position where we shouldn't exclude thinking thoroughly about this topic and its possibilities.'

a)

reverse

b)

convey

c)

trim

d)

eliminate

36.

Which word is a synonym for implement in this sentence:

But will such schemes ever be implemented?

a)

reverse

b)

put

c)

cause

d)

apply

37.

Which word is a synonym for disperse in this sentence:

For decades, MayDay parades in Moscow have taken place under clear blue skies, aircraft having deposited dry ice, silver iodide and cement powder to disperse clouds.

a)

carry

b)

form

c)

cause

d)

get rid of