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AP Euro Final

Total questions: 100

Worksheet time: 1hrs 9mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Renaissance humanism is primarily defined as
a)
an antireligious program dedicated to the destruction of the Church
b)
a curriculum based on the study of the classics, rhetoric, and history
c)
an artistic style that portrayed the depraved state of human beings
d)
a religious movement that attempted to make Christianity relevant to daily experience
2.
A major difference between Calvinism and Lutheranism relates to 
a)
monasticism
b)
clerical marriage
c)
emphasis on predestination
d)
infant baptism
3.
By the early seventeenth century, which of the following European nations was the greatest commercial power in Europe?
a)
England
b)
the Netherlands
c)
France
d)
Spain
4.
The Edict of Nantes of 1598 issued by Henry IV of France did which of the following?
a)
Made public the king's conversion to Roman Catholicism
b)
Ordered the Spanish out of France
c)
Settled the Bourbons on the French throne
d)
Recognized the rights of French Protestants
5.
Martin Luther's response to the German Peasants' War of 1524-1525 demonstrated his
a)
ignorance of the economic plight of the peasantry
b)
emphasis on the social aspects of Christ's teaching
c)
support of the prevailing social and political order
d)
belief in the necessity of a unified German state
6.
Niccolo Machiavelli is representative of individuals who
a)
received financial support from the Church for their scholarship
b)
attempted to reform the church in the Italian Renaissance
c)
promoted secular models for individual and political behavior
d)
articulated new theories of inductive and deductive reasoning
7.
Baldassare Castiglione's "The Book of the Courtier" was important because it
a)
provided a new definition of the "civilized" and "refined" man
b)
called for a new social system based on communal charity
c)
celebrated the great emperors of classical Rome
d)
advocated Neo-Platonism, emphasizing ideal forms
8.
Henry VIII, Elizabeth I, and Philip II are similar in that they
a)
initiated reforms to control religion from top down
b)
promoted Protestantism and fought the Hapsburgs
c)
experienced relative times of peace with neighboring states
d)
criticized Catholic abuses & established new doctrine
9.
John Calvin and the Anabaptists
a)
refused to recognize the subordination of church to state
b)
agreed to allow rulers to appoint bishops and clergy
c)
supported the reforms of the Council of Trent
d)
reconciled with other religious sects to create unity
10.
The enclosure movement is an example of
a)
greater commercialization of agriculture.
b)
new secular laws regulating private life.
c)
communal leisure activities reflecting folk ideas.
d)
rituals of public humiliation to enforce communal norms.
11.
Which of the following was a major factor in the spread of humanist culture in late fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries?
a)
The creation of new religious orders by the papacy
b)
A major increase in government funding for elementary education
c)
The development of the printing press
d)
The sale of basic textbooks written in the vernacular
12.

What era in European History did the Treaty of Westphalia bring to an end?

a)

the age of absolutism

b)

the age of enlightenment

c)

the wars over religion

d)

the balance of power in Europe

13.

The image is BEST understood within the context of which of the following developments in Russia?

a)

urbanization and rapid population growth in Eastern Europe

b)

the implementation of military and education reforms based on Western models

c)

the spread of Slavic independence movements

d)

the growth of mercantile trade due to the establishment of overseas trade.

14.

The man pictured above is considered the architect of French absolutism in the 17th century. What is his name?

a)

Cardinal Mazarin

b)

Louis XIV

c)

Louis XIII

d)

Cardinal Richelieu

15.

The image represents the Dutch Golden Age, all of the following were characteristics of the era EXCEPT

a)

The Dutch East India Company controlled trade with Asia.

b)

The Dutch Monarchy became the richest in all of Europe.

c)

The Dutch established a colony in the Americas known as New Amsterdam.

d)

Dutch Baroque art became distinct because of artists like Rembrandt's and Vermeer's self portraits and portraits of daily life.

16.

During which phase of the French Revolution did the French government pursue a De-Christianization policy?

a)

The Constitutional Monarchy

b)

The Directory

c)

The Napoleonic Empire

d)

The Reign of Terror (ROT)

17.

The painting BEST illustrates which of the following developments in the 18th century?

a)

Growing demand for consumer goods and services

b)

the employment of women as domestic servants

c)

the marketing of fashion to lower-class women

d)

the emergence of the cottage industry in rural areas

18.
Reform created by the British Factory Act of 1833:
a)
Outlawed child laborers under age 9.
b)
Established an 8 hour work day for males in factories
c)
Allowed for night time factory work for children, as long as ample light was provided.
d)
Required the establishment of public schools, paid for by an education tax.
19.
Reform movement that pushed for universal male suffrage, the secret ballot, pay for members of parliament, and annual elections:
a)
Anti-Corn Law Movement
b)
Suffragism or Suffragettes
c)
Chartism or Chartists
d)
Parliamentary Reform
20.
What was the name of the conference that split of Africa among European countries 
a)
Versailles Conference
b)
Berlin Conference
c)
German Conference 
d)
Congress of Vienna
21.
Which of the following DECREASED as an early result of the Industrial Revolution?
a)
the life expectancy of the average worker
b)
the size of the middle class
c)
the length of the average work day for factory workers
d)
urbanization
22.
Which of the following best explains the impact of railroads during the Industrial Revolution?
a)
Railroads were so slow and expensive that automobiles quickly replaced them
b)
Railroads increased transportation costs led to a decline in factory output
c)
Railroads were expensive and cost factory owners more money
d)
Railroads increased the need for coal, steel, and steam engine production
23.
Which of the following best describes "White Man's Burden"?
a)
Europeans should use African slaves as workers on cash-crop plantations
b)
Europeans were created by god and other races evolved from "lower species"
c)
European nations become more powerful by gaining wealth and overseas colonies
d)
Europeans have a responsibility to civilize the "inferior" people of the world
24.
World War I began in ____ and ended in _____.
a)
1914, 1917
b)

1917, 1918

c)
1914, 1918
25.
The Fourteen Points reflected Woodrow Wilson's belief that-
a)
Intervention in the affairs of other nations were never justifiable
b)
Travel among nations should be regulated by an international organization
c)
No country should be allowed to spend more on defense than any other country
d)
Cooperation among international leaders was essential to world peace
26.
Archduke Franz Ferdinand was heir to the throne in
a)
Germany
b)
Italy
c)
Austria-Hungary
d)
Serbia
27.
What was the land between two enemy trenches called?
a)
No Man's Land
b)
His brother's land
c)
Auntie Anne's Land
d)
Pen Cattle
28.
Who was the president during WWI?
a)
Teddy Roosevelt
b)
William McKinley
c)
Herbert Hoover
d)
Woodrow Wilson
29.
Who is to blame for the war according to the Treaty of Versailles?
a)
Great Britain
b)
France
c)
Germany
d)
Serbia
30.
What was a nickname given to WWI?
a)
The Big War
b)
The Bad War
c)
The Great War
d)
The Worldly War
31.
Who were the "oppressed poor" as Marx called them?
a)
Proletariat
b)
Bourgeoisie
c)
Soviets
d)
Slaves
32.
What was the name of the civil government groups that sprouted up to rise against the Romanov Dynasty
a)
Chekas
b)
Soviets
c)
Gulags
d)
Townships
33.
The strong and vibrant leader of the Bolshevik Revolution
a)
V. I. Lenin
b)
Josef Stalin
c)
Leon Trotsky
d)
Alexander Kerensky
34.
Who was the "Mad Monk" that was an aid to Tsarina Alexandria before the Russian Revolution
a)
Rumi
b)
Roma
c)
Rasputin
d)
Romanov
35.
What was the name of the secret police in Russia?
a)
FBI
b)
Stasi
c)
Cheka
d)
Gestapo
36.
How are dictators able  to rise to power after countries suffer hardships? 
a)
People want strong leaders to solve their problems.
b)
Dictators promise freedom. 
c)
Dictators allow everyone to vote. 
d)
Dictators promise to end fascism.
37.
Who was the dictator of Germany that rose to power with the Nazi Party?
a)
Joseph Stalin
b)
Winston Churchill
c)
Adolf Hitler
d)
Franklin D. Roosevelt
38.
____________ is when a country extends it's power through military force.
a)
Internment
b)
Holocaust
c)
Imperialism
d)
Democracy
39.

Divine right monarchy was a term used to refer to

a)

a king's power derived from God

b)

the pope's authority over bishops

c)

the rights of subjects under a king

d)

the requirement that kings be ordained by the pope

40.

Among the principle characteristics of 17th and 18th century absolutist states were all of the following EXCEPT

a)

large standing armies

b)

development of constitutions

c)

weakening the nobility

d)

absolutist rule based on divine right

41.

Charles I of England faced a revolt against royal authority led by

a)

Parliament

b)

the Anglican Church

c)

peasants

d)

French agents

42.

"We forbid our subjects of the so-called Reformed religion to assemble any more for public worship."


This statement was most likely issued as a result of

a)

Edict of Nantes

b)

Ninety-Five Theses

c)

Edict of Fontainebleau

d)

Peace of Augsburg

43.

Which of the following French kings is acknowledged as the embodiment of an absolute monarch?

a)

Henry IV

b)

Louis XIII

c)

Louis XIV

d)

Louis XV

44.

The Bastille in Paris was stormed on July 14, 1789

a)

in order to capture the royal family

b)

to free the Marquis de Lafayette

c)

to arrest refractory priests opposing the revolution

d)

to seize arms to defend against royal reprisals

45.

The Woman's March on Versailles on October 4, 1789 was a crucial turning point in the French Revolution because it

a)

brought the king and assembly back to Paris

b)

was embraced and supported by the king and queen

c)

was a peace offering to the monarchy after the storming of the Bastille

d)

forced the renunciation of feudal privileges

46.

During the Reign of Terror, Robespierre tried to

a)

execute all French nobles

b)

restore the Catholic Church

c)

crush all opposition to the revolution

d)

sign a separate peace treaty with countries fighting against France

47.

To strangle the British economy, Napoleon imposed an economic blockade on his rival called

a)

the Napoleonic Code

b)

the Bastille Embargo

c)

the Continental System

d)

Anti-British Economic Policy

48.

John Locke is most famous for advancing the concept of

a)

a heliocentric concept of the universe

b)

universal suffrage and a modern welfare state

c)

all people having natural rights based on life, liberty, and property

d)

economic justice for all

49.

The first factories in Britain's Industrial Revolution produced

a)

textiles

b)

tools

c)

machines

d)

trains

50.

The 19th century Chartists

a)

were Protestants looking to spread the faith to Britain's Caribbean colonies

b)

favored equal membership for women in all trade unions

c)

opposed Parliament's Factory Act of 1833

d)

demanded universal male suffrage and political representation in Parliament for the working class

51.

Which 19th century British handicraft workers protested against the Industrial Revolution by smashing machines that they felt put them out of work?

a)

Fabians

b)

Marxists

c)

Wreckers

d)

Luddites

52.

"History shows me one way, and one way only, in which a state of civilization has been produced, namely, the struggle of race with race, and survival of the physically and mentally fitter races."


This passage represents the primary idea of

a)

Social Darwinism

b)

Marxism

c)

Positivism

d)

Existentialism

53.

The Austrian annexation of Bosnia in 1908 threatened the nationalist aspiration of which of the following countries?

a)

Turkey

b)

Romania

c)

Serbia

d)

Bulgaria

54.

Trench warfare was established along the western front early in World War I because

a)

airplanes allowed most of the fighting to be done in the skies

b)

improvements in the rifle made snipers the principal combatants

c)

the terrain made it difficult to assemble large armies

d)

defensive weapons had gained the advantage over offensive ones

55.

Which European countries felt the impact of the Great Depression before the United States?

a)

the UK

b)

France

c)

Germany

d)

the Netherlands

56.

Hitler's primary reason for invading the Soviet Union in 1941 was

a)

to block the westward expansion of Japan in Asia

b)

to knock the Soviet Union out of the war so that all of his forces could be focused on the British and the French

c)

to destroy Bolshevism and acquire lebensraum for German colonization

d)

to exterminate the Slavic population, which he believed to be a threat to German mastery of Europe

57.

Which aspect of German strategy was employed during both World War I and World War II?

a)

a large-scale military push early in the war in the Balkans

b)

formation of an alliance with Japan

c)

violation of Belgium's neutrality in order to attack France

d)

respect for the rights of the United States on the sea

58.
The impact of the Protestant Reformation included all of the following EXCEPT
a)
religious fragmentation of the Holy Roman Empire
b)
reform of practices within the Catholic Church
c)
religious wars
d)
improved social conditions for the peasants
59.
Henry VIII broke from the Catholic Church because of 
a)
his serious doubts about Catholic theology
b)
his concerns about succession
c)
his desire to protect Protestants in England
d)
his political conflicts with Spain
60.
The series of civil wars in France during the sixteenth century ended because of 
a)
success by the Catholics
b)
a moderate policy by Henry IV
c)
the expulsion of the Huguenots
d)
peacemaking efforts by the Pope
61.
Not a supporter of the divine right of kings, Thomas Hobbes advocated strong governments, basing his views on
a)
man's selfish and aggressive nature
b)
Machiavellian ideas about the need for a prince to unify the nations
c)
More's ideal community in which the government carefully supervised the population
d)
reference to the endurance of the Roman Empire
62.

Who is credited with perfecting the steam engine?

a)

Thomas Newcomen

b)

James Watt

c)

Josiah Wedgwood

d)

George Stephenson

63.

How did families change during the Industrial Revolution?

a)

Family units grew larger to acquire more help on the farm.

b)

The family became smaller as people moved to cities and worked in factories.

c)

The family system was replaced by socialism.

d)

Families were forced to move to the cities to live in compounds.

64.

One of the results of the Agricultural Revolution in Great Britain was

a)

a movement of people from cities to rural areas.

b)

an increase in small family farms.

c)

food production decreased contributing to a smaller population.

d)

food production increased, contributing to a larger population

65.

Term used to describe the burst of major inventions and technical changes they had witnessed in certain industries.

a)

Agricultural Revoltuion

b)

Industrial Revolution

c)

Water Frame

d)

Industrious Revolution

66.
The Roman Catholic Council of Trent (1545-1563) had as its primary result
a)
reform within the Catholic Church and reaffirmation of Catholic doctrine
b)
a compormise with Protestants to reunite Christians
c)
the firm reestablishment of conciliar power over the papacy
d)
creation of a balance of power between the papacy and the heads of the great Catholic states
67.

The ___ were a political group based in Paris that distrusted the sans-culottes and believed that the French Revolution had gone too far.

a)

Montagnands

b)

Jacobins

c)

Girondists

d)

Monarchistes

68.

_____ (1758-1794) was the leading force in the Committee of Public Safety. He was a conservative, yet popular and extremely devoted to the French Revolution and abolition of the Ancien Régime. He expressed that only those who were against the will of the people would face terror.

a)

Georges Jacques Danton

b)

Jean-Paul Marat

c)

Maximilien Robespierre

69.

In 1802, Napoleon declared himself as the ___ "Consul for Life" & in 1804 declared himself ___ of France.

a)

sole; emperor

b)

head; king

c)

first; president

70.

Napoleon created the Concordat of 1801 in order to...

a)

heal divisions with the Catholic that formed from the distribution of church lands

b)

abolish the 1st Estate

c)

set the Catholic Church underneath the government status wise

71.

Among the principle characteristics of 17th and 18th century absolutist states were all of the following EXCEPT

a)

large standing armies

b)

development of constitutions

c)

weakening the nobility

d)

absolutist rule based on divine right

72.
a)
United Kingdom
b)
France
c)
Germany
d)
Spain
73.
a)
Spain
b)
Portugal
c)
France
d)
Germany
74.
a)
France
b)
Germany
c)
Spain
d)
Italy
75.
a)
France
b)
Italy
c)
United Kingdom
d)
Poland
76.
What country?
a)
France
b)
Poland
c)
Russia
77.

Who painted the Sistine Chapel and carved The David?

a)

Michaelangelo

b)

Leonardo

c)

Donatello

d)

Bramante

78.

After the defeat of King Charles I in the English Civil War and his execution in 1649, England was governed for a decade by

a)

A democratic republic with universal suffrage

b)

A commonwealth led by Oliver Cromwell and his son

c)

A constitutional monarchy under King James II

d)

The King of Scotland

e)

A parliamentary council dominated by egalitarians

79.
Who wrote the Book of the Courtier in 1528?
a)
Baldassare Castiglione
b)
Niccolo Machiavelli
c)
Albrecht Durer
d)
Filippo Brunelleschi
80.
Which statement best summarized witch hunts of the 15th-16th centuries?
a)
It's main targets and victims were women
b)
Men and women were equally victimized
c)
It was the result of the Black Death
d)
Its extent is exaggerated
81.
Who was selling indulgences in Wittenburg in the time of Luther?
a)
Ulrich Zwingli
b)
John Wycliffe
c)
Johann Tetzel
d)
Johann Gutenberg
82.
Which of the following was NOT a Renaissance humanist?
a)
Pico della Mirandola
b)
Leonardo da Vinci
c)
Niccolo Machiavelli
d)
Isaac Newton
83.
Which of the following was NOT a motivation of European exploration?
a)
Religion
b)
National prestige
c)
Commerce
d)
Racism
84.
The exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and people from the Americas to Europe, Asia, Africa, & vice versa is known as the:
a)
Columbian Exchange
b)
The Smallpox Slingshot
c)
Mercantilism
d)
The Potato Pathway
85.

The term "humanism" when applied to Renaissance Italy, refers primarily to the:

a)

Renewed interest in the scientific method at many Italian universities.

b)

Capitalist values advanced by the leading Italian merchant bankers.

c)

Anti-religious movement among leading Italian intellectuals.

d)

Scholarly interest in the study of the classical cultures of Greece and Rome.

86.

The painting above, "Hunters in the Snow" by Pieter Bruegel, is distinguished by an emphasis on the portrayal of the everyday life in peasant villages. The art movement it represents is which of the following?

a)

Mannerism

b)

Northern Renaissance

c)

Late Medieval Period

d)

Italian Renaissance

87.

Which of the following beliefs was central to Martin Luther’s religious philosophy?

a)

Salvation by faith alone

b)

Saints as intermediaries between the individual Christian and God

c)

The priesthood defined as distinct from the laity (followers)

d)

The equality of men and women

88.

All of the following are accurate statements about the Protestant Reformation EXCEPT:

a)

it resulted in the creation of several new religious orders

b)

it was the defining movement of the 16th and first half of the 17th century

c)

it forced the Catholic Church to take action to reform itself

d)

it was unified under the leadership of Martin Luther in Germany

e)

it caused over a century of violent religious conflicts throughout Europe

89.

In general, the Enlightenment:

a)

was based upon the assumption that science and reason can explain all things.

b)

regarded human progress as an impossibility.

c)

was completely opposed to the Newtonian concept of natural law.

d)

rejected the claims of modern science.

e)

was widely attacked by the royalty and nobility of Europe.

90.

Charles V was on of along line of Austrian rulers of the Holy Roman Empire (1452-1806) from which family?

a)

Hapsburg

b)

Tudor

c)

Valois

d)

Hohenzollern

91.

Identify the nation by the list of ruling families.


-Lancaster

-York

-Tudor

-Stuart

a)

England

b)

France

c)

Spain

d)

Holy Roman Empire

92.

Identify the nation by the list of ruling families

-Aragon

-Castile

-Trastamara

-Hapsburg

a)

England

b)

France

c)

Spain

d)

Holy Roman Empire

93.

Identify the nation by the list of ruling families.


-Valois

-Bourbon

a)

England

b)

France

c)

Spain

d)

Holy Roman Empire

94.

Mercantilism was principally characterized by

a)

government efforts to build a strong, self-sufficient economy

b)

the efforts of the merchant class to influence policy by subsidizing the government

c)

the efforts of bankers and exporters to establish free trade

d)

the view that labor ought to be able to seek its own market

95.

? --->Literature printed for quickly --> literature printed for less money----> Greater spread of ideas

Which of these would complete the diagram?

a)

the Book of Common Prayer

b)

the Italian university system

c)

the Gutenberg printing press

d)

the Petrarchan style sonnet

96.

What was Niccolò Machiavelli's main argument in his work The Prince?

a)

A ruler should do whatever is necessary to maintain power.

b)

A ruler should follow all of the teachings of the Catholic Church.

c)

A ruler should make his subjects as happy as possible.

d)

A ruler should strive to maintain equality and fairness.

97.
What does the word "Renaissance" mean?
a)
Renewed
b)
Rebuilt
c)
Remade
d)
Rebirth
98.
Which explorer led the first voyage to circumnavigate the globe?
a)
Ferdinand Magellan
b)
Henry Hudson
c)
Vasco da Gama
d)
Jacques Cartier
99.
How did diseases impact the New World?
a)
They didn't
b)
They wiped out 75-90% of the Europeans
c)
They wiped out 75-90% of the indigenous people
d)
They helped the natives beat the Spanish
100.
Who was the Spanish priest that defended the rights of Indians?
a)
Bartelome' de las Casas
b)
Yanga
c)
Magellen
d)
Estavanico

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