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WorksheetsEpidemiology
Total questions: 40
Worksheet time: 33mins
Which of these procedures does not ensure comparability between study and control groups?
Randomization
Matching
Standardization
Manipulation
Which aspect of epidemiology tests etiological hypothesis and identifies the underlying cause?
Descriptive epidemiology
Experimental epidemiology
Analytical epidemiology
Clinical trial epidemiology
The occurrence of some particular event in a population during a given time period is known as
Incidence
Rate
Ratio
Proportion
The study of distribution of disease or health related characteristics in human population is
Case control study
Cohort study
Descriptive study
Experimental study
An epidemic is the best example of
Short term fluctuations
Periodic fluctuations
Long term trends
Secular trends
The phenomenon of two separate peaks in the age incidence curve of a disease is
Migration
Causality
Bimodality
Association
Which epidemic did John Snow investigate in England?
Typhoid
Cholera
Rubella
Mumps
The strength of the association between risk factor and outcome is measured by
Odds ratio
Risk ratio
Relative risk
Attributable risk
A group of people who share a common characteristic in a defined time period are called
Strata
Cluster
Cohort
Cases
A factor which is associated with both the exposure and disease is
Bias
Risk factor
Confounding factor
Precipitating factor
Cohort studies are also called
Retrospective studies
Cross sectional studies
Longitudinal studies
Backward looking studies
Which of the following statements do not hold true for case control study?
Both exposure and outcome have occurred before the start of the study
The study proceed backwards from effect to cause
It uses a control group to support or refute an inference
The data is analysed in terms of incidence rates
Identify which of these is not a criteria for association according to Bradford Hill
Consistency
Specificity
Sensitivity
Biological plausibility
The suspected cause preceding the observed effect to ensure causal concept is termed as
Strength of association
Temporal association
Specificity of association
Biological plausibility
Which of these is not a use of epidemiology?
To study historically, the rise and fall of disease in population
Health economics
Community diagnosis
Planning and evaluation
The severity of a disease is measured by
Case fatality rate
Population attributable risk
Odds ratio
Relative risk
Identify the disadvantage of cohort studies
Incidence can be calculated
Several outcomes related to exposure is studied simultaneously
A direct estimate of relative risk is provided
Takes a long time to complete the study
The ideal number of controls in case control study will be
Equal number of controls to cases
Lower number of controls to cases
Higher number of controls to cases
No taking of controls
Propagated epidemics does not include
Person to person transfer
Anthropod vector
Animal reservoir
Modern day epidemics
The multiplier in the crude death rate as a measurement of mortality is
10
100000
10000
1000
An association when none actually existed is called
Correlation
Indirect association
Spurious association
Direct association
Any systematic error in the determination of the association between the exposure and disease is
Confounder
Bias
Relative risk
odds ratio
Which of these is an advantage of Case control study?
Problems of bias
Cannot measure incidence
Does not distinguish between causes and associated factors
Risk factors can be identified
Which kind of bias sets in when the interviewer knows the hypothesis and ho the cases are?
Confounding bias
Memory bias
Interviewer’s bias
Selection bias
In which of the following study designs, population is the unit of study?
Ecological study
Cross sectional
Cohort study
Case control study
Name the confounding factor in the study of the role of alcohol in the etiology of oesophageal cancer
Smoking habit
Diet
Sleeping pattern
Education
Hodgkin’s Lymphoma, leukemia and female breast cancer are all classical examples for
Epidemics
Endemics
Bimodality
case control
Any departure, subjective or objective from a state of physiological well being is
Mortality
Morbidity
Natality
Disability
A measure of disease frequency, expressing a relation in size between two random quantities is
Rate
Ratio
Proportion
Prevalence
Hospital sources as controls in case control study is often a source of
Memory bias
Recall bias
Selection bias
Interviewer's bias
Third principle of epidemiology is
(a)
The limitation of freedom of movement of people exposed to communicable disease for a period of time not longer than the longest incubation period is
(a)
An epidemic affecting a large proportion of the population over a wide geographic area is called
(a)
Identify the type of blinding when neither the doctor nor the participant is aware of the group allocation or treatment received
(a)
Who is the father of epidemiology
(a)
Which type of epidemiology tests etiological hypothesis and identifies the underlying cause
(a)
Exposure rate is measured in which study design
(a)
Which step is considered to be the heart of randomization?
(a)
For prevention of disease which is helpful Relative Risk or Attributable Risk
(a)
To reduce bias in experimental study what should be done
(a)
