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WorksheetsAAR3234 History & Theory f SEA, Japan, China & India
Total questions: 27
Worksheet time: 14mins
Define the followings terminologies in reference to architectural development of a country:
1) Endogenous
Neighbouring countries' world views which have been adopted and adapted into local context and manifested in architecture of the local buildings.
Local world views exported to neighbouring countries which influence the architectural manifestation
Architectural manifestation imported, adopted into the local community's ways of building.
Architectural manifestation of a certain building is derived from within the local community’s world views, cultural tradition and ways of living within the context of the place.
Define the followings terminologies in reference to architectural development of a country:
2) Exogenous
Architectural manifestation derived from external influences such as colonialism and religious ideology.
Local socio-cultural world views exported to other countries that influence their architectural manifestation
Architectural transformation of original culture by the infiltration of elements from external socio-cultural-political environment, such as from the European countries due to colonisation empowerment. The assimilation has also enriched the original architecture.
External Architectural influence which have assimilated with local cultural context
Name Figure 1
(a)
Name Figure 2?
(a)
What are the similarities between Masjid Menara Kudus and Traditional Java Kudus House?
Both buildings built around the same circa in Kudus, Java Island, Indonesia
Both buildings were destroyed by the British army
Both typologies adopt Indian and Islamic Influence, but maintain traditional Indonesia elements in their architectural design
Both buildings are built by Malaysians
What is the building called, and where is its location?
(a)
What type of stupa form is it?
Pyramidal
Stacked
Bell-shaped
Lion's head
what is this house called and where is it from?
Tongkonan House, Sulawesi, indonesia
Ceremonial Men's House, West Indies
House of the Dead, Bali, Indonesia
Ceremonial Men's house, Melanesia, Papua New Guinea
What are the important design components of a traditional Chinese Architecture?
The Meaningful Ornaments
The Duo-gong Brackets
The curved roof
The multi-tiered roof
The symbolic colours
WHAT IS THE MOST DOMINANT SHAPE IN S.E.A & E.A. INDIGENOUS ARCHITECTURE?
Square
Circle
Rectangle
Triangle
WHAT IS THE PHYSICAL FUNCTION OF THE TRIANGULAR SHAPE IN S.E.A. VERNACULAR BUILDINGS ?
ACTS AS A FUN SHAPE
TO WIPE OFF THE EVIL SPIRITS
TO POINT INTO DIRECTION
AS PROTECTION FROM THE SUN & RAIN
WHAT IS THE IMPLICIT MEANINGS OF THE TRIANGULAR SHAPE IN S.E.A. VERNACULAR BUILDINGS ?
AS A SYMBOL OF AESTHETICS AND BEAUTY
TO DEMONSTRATE THE SOCIAL STATUS/ PERSONALITY OF THE OWNER
TO INDICATE HIERARCHICAL RELATIONSHIP AMONG MAN, NATURE & GOD
SYMBOL OF TRIUMPH
THE IMAGE SHOW A TYPICAL PLAN OF...
A COMMON THAI DWELLING
A JAPANESE MINKA HOUSE
A BALINESE HOUSE
A TONGKONAN HOUSE
DESCRIBE THE ORIGIN AND FUNCTION OF TONGKONAN HOUSE
Tongkonan is a traditional house of Toraja people, an ethnic group indigenous to a mountainous region of South Sulawesi, Indonesia called Tana Toraja, which translates as “Land of the Toraja.”
Tongkonan is derived from the word tongkon (meaning sit together).
it is divided based on the level or role in society (social Stara Society Toraja)
Its roof is curved like boat, consisting of bamboo structure.
At the front there is a row of water buffalo horn
interior of the room used as a bed and kitchen and house the the dead body
Denote the civilisation period where one can find this building structure
Babylon-Mesopotamian Civilisation
Egyptian River Nil Valley Civilisation
Indus Valley Civilisation - Mohenjodaro & Harappan Cities
China's Yang Tze River Civilisation
Identiy the vernacular building's ethnic group and its location
Cham ethnic, Cambodia
Bugis ethnic, Makasar, Sulawesi, indonesia
Mon ethnic, Myanmar
Lanna ethnic , Isan, Northern Thailand
Identify the unique indigenous architecture Influence in the colonial church building in East-Timor, Indonesia.
Alang-Alang Facia board
Pagar Ruyong Roof Form
Lanna-style Roof Form
Uma Ulik Roof Form
What is the name and function of this structure?
Torii, A Japanese Shinto shrine entrance gate
PAGODA, A northern Chinese temple tower
KONDO, A Thai vernacular pavilion
CHUMON- A Japanese Buddhist Temple middle gate
WHAT DOES SIGNIFICANT S.E.A, Far East Japan, China and India's HISTORICAL VERNACULAR BUILDINGS HAVE IN COMMON?
DISTINCTIVE ROOF FEATURES
LIGHT STRUCTURE
COSMOLOGICAL CONNECTION WITH NATURE
HIERARCHY OF ROOF FORM LINKED WITH SOCIAL STATUS
HOW DOES NATURAL FORCES INSPIRE THIS CASTLE'S ARCHITECTURAL MANIFESTATIONS?
WATER SERVES AS AXIS, NODE, AS PURIFYING ELEMENT
RIVER AS MOATS SURROUNDING THE CASTLE
THE SUN CREATES SHADOW PATTERNS INSIDE BUILDINGS
MOUNTAINS AS A SYMBOLIC HIERARCHY REPRESENTED BY THE MULTIPLE-TIERED ROOF
What does this roof finial design represent?
Duck's Tail
Mystical bird
"Sky Cluster"
Stylised Garuda
What is the name of this bargeboard design, and what is its function?
Pan Fa, to chase away evil spirits
Cho Lom, to counter attack enemies
Pan Lom, to prevent roof tiles from falling off
Cho Fa, to control the flow of the rain
Stupa Design originated from which religious belief?
Shintoism
Hinduism
Buddhism
Animism
Traditional Thai Architectural System is based on...
Technology, ideology, hierarchy, archeology, and supremacy
Psychology, ideology, methodology, physiology and pathology
Sociology, methodology, supremacy and ideology
Biology, technology, sociology, psychology and ideology
Which period does this temple architecture belong to, and what style does it portray?
Sukhotai, 13-16th C, Hinduism Style
Ayutthaya 13-16th C; Dvaravati Style
Khmer-Lopburi, 10-13th C; Angkor Style
Rattanakosin 18-19th C; Bangkok Style
Identify which building materials are used for Khmer & Thai ancient temple architecture?
Khmer: Reinforced Concrete; Thai: Stone masonry
Khmer: Small bricks; Thai: Stone
Khmer: Mud bricks; Thai: Granite
Khmer: Stone ; Thai: Small bricks
During Rattanakosin period, identify Bangkok Style distinctive roof characteristics.
In- traditional gable end deco; Out - brick/stucco gable end
In- Naga Finials; Out - Curved bargeboard
Two main roofs intersect, with spire rising at intersection
In- Manila Style ; Out - European gable
