This was the social system during the Middle Ages. Its impact was that the Monarchs and the Church became very strong and were able to control the people. As people began to look at new ways of structuring society a conflict developed between the old aristocracy and the people who were generating new wealth.

This document was forced upon the King of England by the nobility and guaranteed more rights to individuals. This document was the foundation for all future democratic governments.

During this period of rebirth people looked back on the foundations of Ancient Greek and Roman society. People appreciated the benefits that they would receive from establishing a new society and worked against the current authorities to gain more rights.

During this period people began to challenge the Catholic Church. The Religious dynamic of Europe was forever change and many wars were fought.

The strong leader of Russia who worked to modernize(westernize) all aspects of Russian society. His leadership made Russia a stronger power but without him to keep things going his advances eventually faded away.

Empress of Austria who established social reforms and created a vast empire who were loyal to the Hapsburg dynasty

Established Prussia as a power in Europe by developing a strong modern army. Prussia eventually lead to the unification of the German states and the foundation of Germany as a country.

The Sun King of France who limited the powers of the nobility established France as a leader in Europe. This was a defeat to people who wanted change. Eventually his extravagant spending and religious intolerance lead to the downfall of the monarch in France

This established a freely elected Parliament and restricted the powers of the Monarch. This laid the groundwork for a limited or constitutional Monarch.

After the threat of a Catholic King, Parliament recruited William and Mary from the Netherlands to sit on the thrown in England. As a condition William and Mary had to give up a lot of their powers and gave Parliament increased power.

Charles II was restored after Cromwell’s death. The powers of the King were reduced but people recognized that there was a need for a King to balance the power between the Monarchy and Parliament.

A battle between the forces of the King and Parliament in England over the power of the King. The forces of Parliament eventually won and established Oliver Cromwell as Lord Protector of England. This was the first Republic in Europe after the Renaissance even though it did not last long.

The last of the great religious wars in Europe, it was fought between Protestant countries and Catholic countries. The Protestant countries eventually won strengthening Sweden and France. France was actually a Catholic country but fought with the Protestants to gain power and leadership in Europe.

Established Catholicism as the official religion of France but gave Huguenots the right to practice their religion. This ended many years of religious wars in France but was eventually overturned by Louis XIV

French protestants who gained some rights in France but eventually were outlawed. Caused some upheaval in France leading to religious wars.

Ruler of England who solidified Protestantism. Continued the loss of power of the Catholic Church

Leader of the Protestant rebellion in the Netherlands. Lead the Netherlands to independence. This weakened Spain and the Netherlands became a world power.

Catholic Kings supported the Catholic Church by the use of military action, sometimes war. This strengthened the power of the Catholic Church but also eliminate different religious groups from Spain that eventually lead to economic downfall