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ROCKS AND MINERALS

Total questions: 20

Worksheet time: 40mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The diagram above shows the index minerals Mohs hardness scale compared with the hardness of some common objects. Which statement is best supported by the diagram?

a)

A fingernail will scratch calcite but not gypsum

b)

Calcite will be scratched by a copper penny

c)

The mineral apatite will scratch topaz

d)

A steel file has a hardness of about 7.5

2.

If bedrock at a collisional plate boundary contains crystals, these crystals are changed into kyanite as temperature and pressure conditions increase. What is this process called?

a)

weathering

b)

solidification

c)

metamorphism

d)

cementation

3.

Which physical property of Halite is demonstrated by this pattern of breakage?

a)

hardness

b)

streak

c)

cleavage

d)

luster

4.

Parts of gemstone's value is based on the way the gemstone shines in reflected light. The way a mineral reflects light is described as the mineral's.

a)

fracture

b)

hardness

c)

luster

d)

streak

5.

The pressure and heat that drive metamorphism result from which three forces?

a)

The internal heat of the Earth, the weight of overlying rocks, and horizontal pressures developed as rocks become deformed

b)

The weight of the overlying rocks, solar heating, and nuclear fusion

c)

Horizontal pressures developed as rocks deform, bonding, heat released during crystallization

d)

Internal heat of the Earth, nuclear fission, heat released during chemical weathering

6.

Which type of rock is formed when hot lava cools?

a)

igneous

b)

sedimentary

c)

metamorphic

7.

Owen tested physical property of a mineral. He rubbed a mineral sample on a piece of white tile. The mineral left a red mark on the tile.

Which of the following physical properties of the mineral was Owen most likely testing?

a)

cleavage

b)

hardness

c)

luster

d)

streak

8.

Which process is necessary for the formation of igneous rocks?

a)

erosion

b)

deposition

c)

metamorphism

d)

solidification

9.

Which of these is not responsible for the formation of igneous rock?

a)

sediments

b)

liquid rock

c)

magma

d)

lava

10.

Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks are usually composed of

a)

intergrown minerals

b)

minerals

c)

fossils

d)

sediments

11.

Magma that cools slowly beneath the earth's surface produces

a)

marble

b)

intrusive igneous rocks

c)

fine-grained metamorphic rocks

d)

extrusive igneous rocks

12.

Rock Salt(NaCl) is formed from this mineral.

a)

Halite

b)

Granite

c)

Coal

d)

Cystal

13.

Foliated and nonfoliated rocks are both types of rocks.

a)

igneous

b)

sedimentary

c)

metamorphic

14.

The texture of a rock when mineral grains grow and rearrange, but do not form layers.

a)

Foliated

b)

Non - foliated

c)

intrusive

d)

extrusive

15.

The ratio of a mineral’s weight compared with the weight of an equal volume of water.

a)

Specific Weight

b)

Specific Mass

c)

Specific Gravity

d)

Specific Volume

16.

The process by which rocks are broken down into smaller pieces by ice, water, wind, temperature, plants, animals, or by chemicals.

a)

Erosion

b)

Sublimation

c)

Weathering

d)

Cementation

17.

Petroleum is NOT a mineral. Why?

a)

It does not have a definite chemical composition.

b)

It does not have a crystalline structure.

c)

It is not a solid.

d)

All of these are reasons why petroleum is not a mineral.

18.

The basic building block of all silicate minerals is the

a)

silicon-oxygen tetrahedron

b)

silica octahedron

c)

silica tetrahedron

d)

oxygen-silicon cube

19.

Mineraloids contain

a)

All of the same characteristics as a mineral

b)

None of the same characteristics as a mineral

c)

Some, but not all of the same characteristics as a mineral

20.

Solids that do not possess an orderly arrangement of atoms are called_____.

a)

polymorphs

b)

amorphous

c)

crystalline

d)

minerals