The series of connections between computing devices on a network starting with a sender and ending with a receiver.

The maximum amount of data that can be sent in a fixed amount of time, usually measured in bits per second.

The unique number assigned to each device on the Internet.

A protocol for sending data across the Internet that assigns unique numbers (IP addresses) to each connected device.

A type of computer that forwards data across a network.

The inclusion of extra components so that a system can continue to work even if individual components fail

Can continue to function even in the event of individual component failures. This is important because elements of complex systems like a computer network fail at unexpected times, often in groups.

An agreed-upon set of rules that specify the behavior of some system.