Based on the assumptions of Rankine’s theory, the soil mass is

If the sand filled behind the retaining wall with saturated water with water, then the possible lateral pressure is

What will be the coefficient of earth pressure at rest for a rigid retaining wall, If the backfill consists of cohesion less soil having φ = 26°?

A vertical cut is to be made in a soil mass having cohesion c, angle of internal friction φ, and unit weight γ. Considering Ka and Kp as the coefficients of active and passive earth pressures, respectively, the maximum depth of unsupported excavation is

When a retaining wall moves away from the back-fill, the pressure exerted on the wall is termed as

The earth pressure for the design of bridge abutments is taken as

For the determination of earth pressure, Coulomb's wedge theory assumes that

Coulomb's theory of earth pressure is based on

Cohesion in soil

To have zero active pressure intensity at the tip of a wall in cohesive soil, one should apply a uniform surcharge intensity of

A 3 m high vertical earth retaining wall retains a dry granular backfill with angle of internal friction of 30° and unit weight of 20 kN/m3. If the wall is prevented from yielding (no movement), the total horizontal thrust (in kN per unit length) on the wall is