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WorksheetsCarboxylic acids and their derivatives
Total questions: 25
Worksheet time: 1hrs 15mins
An excess of methanol was mixed with 12 g of ethanoic acid and an acid catalyst. At equilibrium the mixture contained 8 g of methyl ethanoate. The percentage yield of ester present was ...
11
20
54
67
CH2O is the empirical formula of
methanol
methyl methanoate
ethane-1,2-diol
butanal
Hydrolysis of the ester, CH3COOCH2CH2CH3, produces ethanoic acid. In an experiment, 2.04 g of the ester was used and 0.90 g of ethanoic acid was produced. The percentage yield of ethanoic acid was:
44
59
75
90
How many structural isomers, which are esters, have the molecular formula C4H8O2?
2
3
4
5
The structural formula of ethyl 2-methylpropanoate is ...
A
B
C
D
The compound lithium tetrahydridoaluminate(III), LiAlH4, is a useful reducing agent. It behaves in a similar fashion to NaBH4. Carbonyl compounds and carboxylic acids are reduced to alcohols. However, LiAlH4 also reduces water in a violent reaction so that it must be used in an organic solvent. Which one of the following can be reduced by LiAlH4 to a primary alcohol?
A
B
C
D
Acid hydrolysis of the molecule shown, produces ...
CH3CH(OH)CH2CH2COOH
CH2(OH)CH2CH2CH2COOH
CH3CH(OH)CH2CH2OCHO
CH2(OH)CH2CH2CH2OCHO
Which compound is formed by the reaction of ethane-1,2-diol with an acid?
A
B
C
D
Which one of the following types of reaction mechanism is not involved in the above sequence?
free-radical substitution
nucleophilic substitution
elimination
nucleophilic addition-elimination
Ibuprofen is a drug used as an alternative to aspirin for the relief of pain, fever and inflammation. The structure of ibuprofen is shown. Which one of the following statements is not correct?
It has optical isomers.
It liberates carbon dioxide with sodium carbonate solution.
It undergoes esterification with ethanol.
It undergoes oxidation with acidified potassium dichromate(VI).
Butan-1-ol was converted into butyl propanoate by reaction with an excess of propanoic acid. In the reaction, 6.0 g of the alcohol gave 7.4 g of the ester. The percentage yield of ester was
57
70
75
81
Which one of the following would not react with aqueous silver nitrate to produce a precipitate that is soluble in concentrated aqueous ammonia?
CaBr2
[COCI4]2−
(CH3)4N+I−
CH3COCl
Which one of the following is not a correct general formula for the non-cyclic compounds listed?
alcohols CnH2n+2O
aldehydes CnH2n+1O
esters CnH2nO2
primary amines CnH2n+3N
Which one of the following is not a correct statement about vitamin C, shown below?
It is a cyclic ester.
It can form a carboxylic acid on oxidation.
It decolourises a solution of bromine in water.
It is a planar molecule.
Propanoic acid reacts with methanol in the presence of a small amount of concentrated sulphuric acid. The empirical formula of the ester formed is
CH2O
C2H6O2
C2H4O2
C2H4O
In which one of the following mixtures does a redox reaction occur?
ethanal and Tollens’ reagent
ethanoyl chloride and ethanol
ethanal and hydrogen cyanide
ethanoic acid and sodium hydroxide
For this question refer to the reaction scheme shown. Which one of the following statements is not correct?
Reaction of W with sodium cyanide followed by hydrolysis of the resulting product gives propanoic acid.
Mild oxidation of Z produces a compound that reacts with Tollens’ reagent, forming a silver mirror.
Z reacts with ethanoic acid to produce the ester propyl ethanoate.
W undergoes addition polymerisation to form poly(propene).
Look at the image. Isomers of the ester HCOOCH2CH2CH3, include
(i) ethyl ethanoate
(ii) methyl propanoate
(iii) butanoic acid
(iv) butyl methanoatea
A
B
C
D
How many structural isomers with the molecular formula C5H10O react with Tollens’ reagent?
3
4
5
6
Which one of the following conversions does not represent a reduction?
propene → propane
propanal → propan-l-ol
propanal → propanoic acid
propanone → propane
Which one of the following reactions involves nucleophilic addition?
CH3CH = CH2 + HBr → CH3CHBrCH3
CH3CH2CH3 + Cl2 → CH3CHClCH3 + HCl
CH3CH2CH2Br + NaOH → CH3CH2CH2OH + NaBr
CH3CH2CHO + HCN → CH3CH2CH(OH)CN
Which one of the following isomers is not oxidised under mild reaction conditions?
(CH3)2CHCH(OH)COCH3
(CH3)2C(OH)CH2COCH3
(CH3)2CHCH(OH)CH2CHO
(CH3)2C(OH)CH2CH2CHO
Propanone can be reduced to form an alcohol. A functional group isomer of the alcohol formed is ...
CH3CH2CH2OH
CH3CH2CHO
CH3OCH2CH3
CH3COCH3
Which alcohol could not be produced by the reduction of an aldehyde or a ketone?
2,2-dimethylpropan-1-ol
2-methylbutan-2-ol
3-methylbutan-2-ol
pentan-3-ol
Which one of the following reactions will produce an organic compound that has optical isomers?
dehydration of butan-2-ol by heating with concentrated sulphuric acid
reduction of pentan-3-one by warming with NaBH4
addition of Br2 to 3-bromopropene
reduction of 2,3-dimethylpent-2-ene with H2 in the presence of a nickel catalyst
