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Last holiday my students and I went to Jogjakarta. We stayed at Morison Hotel which is not a long way from Malioboro. On Friday, we went to the sanctuaries in Prambanan. There are three major sanctuaries, the Brahmana, Syiwa and Wisnu sanctuaries. They are truly stunning. We went by just Brahmana and Syiwa sanctuaries, on the grounds that Wisnu sanctuary is being remodeled. On Saturday morning we went to Yogya Kraton. We spent around two hours there. We were fortunate on the grounds that we were driven by a brilliant and amicable aide. At that point we proceeded with our adventure to Borobudur. We touched base there at four p.m. At 6 p.m. we heard the declaration that Borobudur entryway would be closed. In the evening we left Jogjakarta by bus.

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Born into a family of doctors in Kampung Ketapang, Kwitang Barat, Jakarta, Abdulrachman Saleh also became a doctor. After finishing MULO, he studied at STOVIA. While still a student, he was appointed assistant at the laboratory of physiology. Graduating from STOVIA, Abdulrachman Saleh continued his work at the lab while having his own medical practice.

Abdulrachman Saleh’s role in medicine was significant. He became a lecturer in Jakarta, Surabaya, Malang, and Klaten. For his meritorious service in medicine, specifically in physiology, in 1958, the University of Indonesia bestowed him the title of Bapak Ilmu Faal (Father of Physiology).

Abdulrachman Saleh was a man of many interests. He was involved in youth organizations like Boy Scouts and Indonesia Muda. He was also a member of Aeroclub, and co-founded the Verenigde Oosterse Radio Omroep (VORO), an organization of broadcasters. It was he who established the Voice of Free Indonesia, the radio station which spread the proclamation of Indonesia’s independence to the world.

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Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) — Astronomer and Scientist. Galileo developed a superior telescope and made many significant discoveries in astronomy. He was sentenced to life imprisonment by the inquisition for his support for the Copernican theory that the sun was at the centre of the solar system.

Galileo was born in Florence, Italy in 1564 to a poor but noble family His parents recognized their child’s innate intelligence and talents and so made sacrifices to have him educated. At his father’s insistence, Galileo studied the profitable career of medicine. But, at the University of Pisa, Galileo became fascinated in a wide range of subjects. He was also critical of many of Aristotle’s teaching which had dominated education for the past 2,000 years.

Galileo was appointed to be a mathematics professor at the University of Pisa, but his strident criticisms of Aristotle left him isolated among his contemporaries. After three years of persecution, he resigned and went to the University of Padua, where he taught maths. His entertaining lectures attracted a large following and he was able to spend the next 18 years pursuing his interests in astronomy and mechanics.

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The Java War of 1825-1830 constituted the last resistance of the Javanese aristocracy to Dutch rule. Its central figure was Pangeran Diponegoro, eldest son of the Sultan of Yogyakarta. The immediate cause of Diponegoro’s revolt in 1825 was the Dutch decision to build a road across a piece of his property that contained a sacred tomb. Thereupon ensued the Java War, a bitter guerilla conflict in which as many as 200,000 Javanese died in fighting or from indirect causes.

When did the Java War begin?

The Java War of 1825-1830 constituted the last resistance of the Javanese aristocracy to Dutch rule. Its central figure was Pangeran Diponegoro, eldest son of the Sultan of Yogyakarta. The immediate cause of Diponegoro’s revolt in 1825 was the Dutch decision to build a road across a piece of his property that contained a sacred tomb. Thereupon ensued the Java War, a bitter guerilla conflict in which as many as 200,000 Javanese died in fighting or from indirect causes.

How many people passed away during the war?

The Supersemar, the Indonesian abbreviation for “Surat Perintah Sebelas Maret” ( Order of March the Eleventh), was a document signed by the Indonesian President Sukarno on 11 March 1966.

It is said that it was giving the army commander Lt. General Soeharto authority to take whatever measures he ”deemed necessary” to restore order to the chaotic situation during the Indonesian killings of 1965-1966.

The abbreviation of “Supersemar” is a play on the name of Semar, the mystic and powerful figure who commonly appears in Javanese mythology including wayang puppet shows. The invocation of Semar was presumably intended to help draw on Javanese mythology to lend support to Soeharto’s legitimacy during the period of the transition of authority from Soekarno to Soeharto.

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